Influence of sociodemographic factors and labor factors in appearance of burnout in women

La presente investigación pretende estudiar el síndrome de estar quemado, consecuencia principal del estrés, en una muestra de mujeres trabajadoras. Caracterizado por causar una baja eficacia profesional, un alto cansancio emocional y una alta despersonalización; este estudio analiza su relación con factores sociodemográficos y factores laborales como el apoyo organizacional percibido o la satisfacción laboral. Con el objetivo de conocer la influencia de determinadas variables sociodemográficas y laborales en la aparición del síndrome de burnout en mujeres, se tomó una muestra de 31 sujetos cuya edad media era de 38.87 años (DT = 6,9), empleadas de Grupo Eulen de Andalucía occidental. Se les administraron las siguientes pruebas: el Inventario General de Burnout de Maslach, el Cuestionario de Satisfacción Laboral S10/12, el Cuestionario de Apoyo Organizacional Percibido del SPOS y un cuestionario sobre datos sociodemográficos. Los resultados muestran relaciones significativas con el nivel de estudios alcanzados y la satisfacción laboral. Se concluye que el nivel de estudios actúa como variable protectora del burnout, mediante una relación inversa, y la satisfacción laboral como variable predisponente del burnout.The present research aims to study the syndrome of Burnout, the main consequence of stress, in a simple of working women. Characterized by showing low profesional efficacy, high emotional exhaustion and high depersonalization; this study analyzes their relationship with sociodemographic factors and labor factors such as perceived organizational support or occupational satisfaction. In order to know how they affect certain sodiodemographic and labor variables in the occurrence of burnout syndrome in women, a sample of 31 subjects was taken with a mean age of 38.87 years (SD = 6.9), employed by Gupo Eulen of Andalusia. The following tests were administered: Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey, Occupational Satisfaction Inventory S10/12, Survey of Perceived Organizational Support and a questionnaire about sociodemomgraphic data. The resuts show significant relationships with the level of studies achieved and occupational satisfaction. It is concluded that the level of studies acts as a protective variable of burnout and occupational satisfaction as a predisposing variable of burnout.Universidad de Sevilla. Grado en Psicologí

O vortex de programas online na formação de professores na Colômbia

The replacement of direct human interaction by the computer connected to the internet is one of the most radical reforms in the history of education. In the first part, we show chronologically how–unlike correspondence, radio and television–the internet is the only technology that has sought to replace human interaction in teacher education training in Colombia. By consulting databases, we describe the institutionalization of online programs in terms of a maelstrom with problems and tensions that occur while growing exponentially to represent 18.3% and 33.8% of the offer in higher education and educational sciences in Colombia. In a second part, we compared the experience of 1,206 teachers who study postgraduate teacher training programs in Bogotá in both online and face-to-face modes through a student survey and a writing test. The results indicate lower weighted performances in the theoretical content and work volume among those who study their programs in the online modality, as well as a lower but statistically non-significant mean in teachers enrolled in online programs. The history and problems encountered in the importation of curricular models entirely based on the internet warrants being studied empirically in the teacher training programs to determine their educational effects.El reemplazo de la interacción humana directa por el computador conectado al internet constituye una de las reformas más radicales en la historia de la universidad. En una primera parte, mostramos cronológicamente cómo–a diferencia de la correspondencia, la radio, y la televisión–el internet ha sido la única tecnología que ha pretendido reemplazar la interacción humana en la formación educación docente en Colombia. Mediante consulta de bases de datos describimos la institucionalización de programas virtuales en términos de una vorágine con problemas y tensiones que ocurren mientras crecen exponencialmente para representar 18,3% y 33,8% de la oferta en educación superior y en ciencias de la educación en Colombia. En una segunda parte, comparamos la experiencia de 1.206 profesores que estudian programas de formación posgradual docente en Bogotá tanto en modalidad online y presencial mediante una encuesta estudiantil y una prueba de escritura. Los resultados indican desempeños ponderados más bajos en el contenido teórico y volumen de trabajo y un puntaje promedio más bajo, pero no estadísticamente significativo de habilidades de escritura académica en los profesores que cursan sus programas en modalidad online. La historia y los problemas encontrados en la importación de modelos curriculares enteramente basados en internet merece estudiarse empíricamente en los programas de formación docente para determinar sus efectos educativos.A substituição da interação humana direta pelo computador conectado à Internet é uma das reformas mais radicais da história da universidade. Na primeira parte, cronologicamente vamos mostrar como – ao contrário de correspondência, rádio e televisão – a internet tem sido a única tecnologia que tentou substituir a interação humana na formação de professores na Colômbia. Ao consultar bancos de dados descrever a institucionalização de programas virtuais em termos de um turbilhão de problemas e tensões que ocorrem à medida que crescem exponencialmente a representar 18,3% e 33,8% da oferta na educação educação e ciência superior na Colômbia. Numa segunda parte, comparamos a experiência de 1.206 professores que estudam o ensino programas de treinamento de pós-graduação em Bogotá tanto online como modalidade através de uma pesquisa de estudante e um teste escrito. Os resultados indicam menor desempenho ponderada no conteúdo teórico e carga de trabalho e uma pontuação média mais baixa, mas acadêmicos não estatisticamente significativas habilidades de escrita em professores que freqüentam seus programas no modo online. A história e os problemas encontrados na importação de modelos curriculares inteiramente baseados na Internet merecem ser estudados empiricamente nos programas de formação de professores para determinar seus efeitos educacionais

Translating student evaluation of teaching:how discourse and cultural environments pressure rationalizing procedures

Student evaluation of teaching (SET) has not yet been studied historically and comparatively. Based on our interviews with professors and administrators at 18 universities in three countries, we discuss how SET diffused in all the studied universities and how SET was translated and edited differently according to different sets of statements. SET diffused from the US, where it was initiated by students in the 1950s and later adopted by universities in the 1970s. German and Colombian universities only imported SET later, in the 2000s, and in the German public sector it is still not mandatory for all courses. SET gains legitimacy through different discourses, for instance, the discourse on the empowerment and rights of students. SET also connects to the discourse on increasing rationality that extends the metrification of teaching to universities and is often connected to discourses on competition. But SET has also been reformed because it is regarded as biased against underrepresented groups and faces criticism of its methodological validity. Discourses on rationalization, student empowerment and competition are used to gain legitimacy while academic discourses on academic freedom and social diversity discourses are used to oppose SET, make translation more difficult and lead to editing of SET practices

Emerging Decolonialized Research Collaboration: The Max Planck Society and the Leibniz Association in Latin America

Analyzing the number of publications and proportion of corresponding authors of Latin American scholars and scholars from the German Max Planck Society (MPS) and the Leibniz Association (LA; 1954–2018), this article asks if North–South partnerships continue to represent power imbalances. Our bibliometric analysis indicates that (a) in comparison with the LA, the MPS’s scientists published more articles with Latin American countries, led by Brazil, Chile, Argentina, and Mexico; (b) researchers from the MPS and the LA frequently took the role of corresponding author; (c) researchers from Brazil, Chile, Argentina, and Mexico primarily controlled their region’s productivity, but (d) Brazil built its own multinational research networks; and (e) countries with less productivity, such as Colombia and Uruguay, are on peripheries of research networks. Our findings indicate that the decolonial perspective needs further development to identify multipolar relationships of dominance and collaboration have developed out of a dichotomy world of North–South relations

“Get Two Degrees for the Price of One”:Career Orientations and Choices of Double-Degree Students

23 páginasDouble degrees have been identified in universities around the globe. The Colombian double degree is a local hybrid of the American double major and the local profession-enabling pregrado that universities, particularly elite private ones, marketize in a context of mass higher education, devaluation of first university degrees and a weak economy ensuing from social conflict. Through a narrative approach, we found that students learn to pursue two degrees to maximize their investment in education, seek future job security, reduce their angst about survival given the low value of university credentials, and gain recognition from peers and family members. Choosing two degrees also maximizes their opportunities for preparing themselves to serve others, allows them to pursue intellectual development, and to satisfy their curiosity. The main trend found is that of students led by a consumerist orientation privileged over an educational rationale. We argue that the superimposition of consumerist orientations over self-cultivation motives may occur in the context of implementation of new programs such as double degrees, implemented by universities under a market logic

Interactions of human galectins with Trypanosoma cruzi: binding profile correlate with genetic clustering of lineages

This is a pre-copyedited, author-produced PDF of an article accepted for publication in Glycobiology following peer review. The version of record Pineda, M.A. et al. Interactions of human galectins with Trypanosoma cruzi: binding profile correlate with genetic clustering of lineages. Glycobiology 25.2 (2015): 197-210 is available online at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/glycob/cwu103We report here the specific interaction between several members of the human galectin family with the three developmental stages of several genetic lineages of the protozoan parasite Trypanosoma cruzi. We provide data of specific and differential binding of human galectins-1, 3, 4, 7 and 8 to 14 strains of T. cruzi that belong to the six genetic lineages representing the genetic diversity of the parasite. It is shown that galectins preferentially bind forms present in the host, trypomastigotes and amastigotes, compared to the non-infective epimastigote present on the intestinal tract of the vector, reflecting the changes on glycosylation that occur during the metacyclogenesis and amastigogenesis process. Also, it is evidenced that galectin binding to the parasites promotes binding to the host cells and higher infection rates. In addition evidence is provided indicating that the intracellular amastigotes may take over the cytosolic pool of some galectins when released to the extracellular medium. Finaly, by applying unweighted pair group method analysis to the galectin binding profile to either cell-derived trypomastigotes or amastigotes we show that the differential binding profile by the host galectins to the six lineages resembles the clustering based in genetic data. Therefore, the differential binding profile for the six lineages could have implications in the immunopathology of Chagas’ disease, affecting the complex network of immune responses on which galectins mediate, thus providing linkage clues to the notion that different lineages may be related to different clnical forms of the disease.This work was supported by grants from the Fondo de Investigaciones Sanitarias-Ministerio de Sanidad (FIS-PI11/00033) to PB and (FIS-PI11/0095) to MS, and grant ChagasEpiNet (European VII framework Program) to MF. The financial support Network RICET from the FIS, Ministerio de Sanidad and Fundacion Ramon Areces is acknowledge

Diseño de un modelo de emprendimiento social y solidario de producción de huevos de codorniz para diez madres de familia cabeza de hogar en situación de extrema pobreza y desplazamiento del municipio de ocaña.

Este proyecto consiste en la identificación de un problema inherente a las familias desplazadas de la región del Catatumbo Norte de Santander, haciendo una breve descripción de este problema en el que se aborda una serie de vulnerabilidades y dificultades que han tenido sufrir estas familias a su llegada al municipio de Ocaña, el cual se ha constituido en municipio receptor de esta población. El objetivo principal de este proyecto es contribuir a mejorar los ingresos de estas familias, reducir el alto grado de vulnerabilidad y riesgo social y por ende mejorar su nivel de vida con la satisfacción de sus necesidades básicas, pero el proyecto también tiene el propósito de promover el emprendimiento social y solidario en el municipio de Ocaña como una herramienta útil y práctica en la generación de empleo e ingresos y beneficios sociales para las personas y grupos de personas en situación de vulnerabilidad Se realizó una revisión de la literatura que era relevante para los puntos de investigación relacionada con el desplazamiento forzado en Colombia y la región del Catatumbo, el desarrollo sostenible, el emprendimiento social y solidario y otros temas relacionados con el proyecto. Cada uno de los temas fue expuesto de manera detallada, pero limitando la información únicamente con la relación directa con el tema de estudio, de forma que se pudiese obtener una comprensión clara de los puntos que se tratan y para poder alcanzar los objetivos propuestos. En el diseño metodológico se utilizaron unas técnicas y herramientas para la recolección de la información a través de la visita de campo, observación directa, encuestas y entrevistas y con los resultados obtenidos se pudo desarrollar los objetivos específicos del proyecto; se elaboró el diagnostico socioeconómico de la población objetivo con ayuda de algunas variables se obtuvo información de las condiciones de vida de estas familias y se pudo comprobar la extrema pobreza en que viven, el alto grado de vulnerabilidad y riesgo social de sus familias. Pero al mismo tiempo se pudo conocer las oportunidades de emprendimiento social y solidario de estas familias a través del diseño de un modelo de producción de huevos de codorniz acorde a las condiciones de la oferta y la demanda en el municipio de Ocaña. El diseño del modelo de emprendimiento social y solidario de producción de huevos de codorniz es un proyecto económico, fácil de implementar, con poco esfuerzo físico, con horarios de trabajo flexible, sustentable y rentable, de llegar a implementarse con apoyo de recursos públicos o privados genera beneficios económicos pero principalmente beneficios sociales a esta población objetivo víctima del conflicto armado en Colombia, en situación de extrema pobreza y desplazamiento. .This project consists in the identification of an inherent problem to the displaced families of the Catatumbo Norte de Santander region, in a brief description of this problem in which a series of vulnerabilities is addressed and these families have been taken into account upon their arrival to the municipality of Ocaña, which has been constituted in the receiving municipality of this population. The main objective of this project is the improvement of the income of these families, the high degree of responsibility and social risk and the improvement of life with the satisfaction of their basic needs, but the project also has the purpose of promoting the social and solidary entrepreneurship in the municipality of Ocaña as a useful and practical tool in generating employment and income and social benefits for people and groups of people in vulnerable situations A review of the literature that was relevant to the research points related to forced displacement in Colombia and the Catatumbo region, sustainable development, social and solidarity entrepreneurship and other issues related to the project was conducted. Each one of the topics was exposed in a detailed way, but limiting the information only with the direct relation with the subject of study, so that one could obtain a clear understanding of the points that are treated and to be able to reach the proposed objectives. n the methodological design techniques and tools were used to collect the information through the field visit, direct observation, surveys and interviews and with the results obtained, the specific objectives of the project could be developed; the socioeconomic diagnosis of the target population was elaborated with the help of some variables, information was obtained on the living conditions of these families and it was possible to verify the extreme poverty in which they live, the high degree of vulnerability and social risk of their families. But at the same time it was possible to know the opportunities of social and solidary entrepreneurship of these families through the design of a quail egg production model according to the conditions of supply and demand in the municipality of Ocaña. The design of the social and solidarity entrepreneurship model of quail eggs production is an economic project, easy to implement, with little physical effort, with flexible, sustainable and profitable work schedules, to be implemented with the support of public or private resources it generates economic benefits but mainly social benefits to this target population victim of the armed conflict in Colombia, in a situation of extreme poverty and displacement.