Conversations In The Rainforest: Culture, Values, And The Environment In Central Africa

This book examines the environmental perceptions, values, and practices of inhabitants of Central Africa’s rainforests in order to help build a more firm foundation for ecological and social sustainability at the local level, while also making contributions to global environmental ethics from underrepresented African cultural traditions. It focuses on two case studies in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), one an integrated health and sustainable development project in the Ubangi region, and the other a large wildlife reserve in the Ituri Forest. Through in-depth interviews, focus groups, and participant observation conducted with local farmers and foragers, project staff, and local academics, the author records cultural and practical resources for the promotion of ecological sustainability both locally and globally. This revised and updated edition includes a new Preface and Afterword highlighting some of the key transformations that have taken place in the DRC, and relating those changes to the enduring themes discussed in the original work. In addition to several new color figures, new color photographs provide alluring images of the places and people with whom the author worked.https://dune.une.edu/env_facbooks/1000/thumbnail.jp

Larval Ecology of Some Lower Michigan Black Flies (Diptera: Simuliidae) With Keys to the Immature Stages

The species composition, succession, and seasonal abundance of -immature simuliids ocmrrhg in the Rose Lake Wildlife Research Area in lower Michigan are presented. Selected physical and chemical characteristics of streams in the above area were examined and compared in relation to faunal distributions. Comparisons of species differences between permanent and temporary streams were made utilizing the functional group concept based on feeding mechanisms. Keys and illustrations are presented for the identiiication of larvae and pupae of four genera (Prosimulium, Simulium, Stegopterna, Cnephia) and 19 species of Simuliidae known to occur in lower Michigan. Two species, Cnephia ornithophilia and Simulium vemum, were recorded for the first time in Michigan

Optical Continuum and Emission-Line Variability of Seyfert 1 Galaxies

We present the light curves obtained during an eight-year program of optical spectroscopic monitoring of nine Seyfert 1 galaxies: 3C 120, Akn 120, Mrk 79, Mrk 110, Mrk 335, Mrk 509, Mrk 590, Mrk 704, and Mrk 817. All objects show significant variability in both the continuum and emission-line fluxes. We use cross-correlation analysis to derive the sizes of the broad Hbeta-emitting regions based on emission-line time delays, or lags. We successfully measure time delays for eight of the nine sources, and find values ranging from about two weeks to a little over two months. Combining the measured lags and widths of the variable parts of the emission lines allows us to make virial mass estimates for the active nucleus in each galaxy. The virial masses are in the range 10^{7-8} solar masses.Comment: 24 pages, 16 figures. Accepted for publication in Ap

Problem Solving in Labor Negotiations: Retest of a Model

On cherche de plus en plus à découvrir des moyens de faire de la négociation collective un meilleur instrument en vue de la solution des problèmes qu'elle pose. C'est ainsi que l'on s'efforce de négocier certaines améliorations à la qualité de la vie en milieu de travail, d'établir des régimes de participation des employés aux bénéfices et la mise au point de méthodes destinées à accroître la productivité. Walton et McKersie (1965) ont soutenu qu'une négociation fondée sur l'esprit de compréhension exige le recours à certains mécanismes spéciaux comme, par exemple, de ne pas s'agripper à une position mais d'échanger des vues et des impressions au sujet d'un problème. La recherche indique que la confiance mutuelle et le respect entre les négociateurs est une condition préalable importante, si l'on veut résoudre un problème avec succès.Peterson et Tracy (1976a) avaient conçu et vérifié antérieurement un modèle de solution des problèmes en matière de négociation collective. Cette première vérification se fondait sur un échantillon de 65 chefs négociateurs choisis dans toutes les régions des États-Unis qui négociaient des conventions collectives pour des groupes moyens ou considérables, la plupart de plus de 500 salariés. La présente étude vérifie le modèle de nouveau à partir de données fournies par 47 chefs négociateurs qui participaient à la négociation de conventions collectives dans des unités plus petites, la plupart de moins de 500 salariés dans la région du nord-ouest Pacifique.On a comparé les résultats des deux enquêtes. Les conditions ou les comportements des parties à la négociation qu'on a relevés et qui se recoupent dans l'une et l'autre études, concernant les succès obtenus dans la solution des problèmes, reposent sur la confiance mutuelle et le respect entre les négociateurs, l'exploration des questions qui se soulèvent entre les parties d'une façon informelle et diplomatique, la discussion des causes des problèmes et de l'opinion qu'on s'en fait avant de prendre une décision ferme, une certaine prévision au sujet des enjeux futurs des négociations de même que des relations actives et suivies entre les parties. En dernier lieu, l'étude porte sur les résultats des deux enquêtes.Two tests of a model of problem-solving in labor negotiations are reported, using samples of private-sector negotiations and in the Pacific Northwest

Population Genetics and Gene Variation in Secondary Screwworm (Diptera: Calliphoridae)

Allozyme variation in 4 populations of secondary screwworm, Cochliomyia macellaria (F.), representing North, Central, and South America was examined . Variability was observed in 12 of 13 enzyme loci, and the frequency of the most common allele was IS statistics indicated random mating within populations . Wright\u27s FST statistics and chi-square contingency analyses indicated homogeneous gene frequencies among the populations. These data suggest that C. macellaria is a panmictic species with high levels of gene flow between populations

Assessment of contemporary Arctic river runoff based on observational discharge records

We describe the contemporary hydrography of the pan‐Arctic land area draining into the Arctic Ocean, northern Bering Sea, and Hudson Bay on the basis of observational records of river discharge and computed runoff. The Regional Arctic Hydrographic Network data set, R‐ArcticNET, is presented, which is based on 3754 recording stations drawn from Russian, Canadian, European, and U.S. archives. R‐ArcticNET represents the single largest data compendium of observed discharge in the Arctic. Approximately 73% of the nonglaciated area of the pan‐Arctic is monitored by at least one river discharge gage giving a mean gage density of 168 gages per 106 km2. Average annual runoff is 212 mm yr−1 with approximately 60% of the river discharge occurring from April to July. Gridded runoff surfaces are generated for the gaged portion of the pan‐Arctic region to investigate global change signals. Siberia and Alaska showed increases in winter runoff during the 1980s relative to the 1960s and 1970s during annual and seasonal periods. These changes are consistent with observations of change in the climatology of the region. Western Canada experienced decreased spring and summer runoff

Rescuing Economics From The Discipline: The Green Learning Community

Undergraduate economics is poised for reform because of readily available data and multimedia content. However, we argue that deep reform is needed to teach complex contemporary problems. This requires including institutional and historical content and restructuring the classroom to facilitate interdisciplinary pedagogy. Using Colander’s (2006) analysis of reform as a starting point, we review the economics literature to identify alternative approaches and interdisciplinary pedagogy. The Green Learning Community is introduced as an intentional approach that links economics, humanities and environmental studies and provides first-year students adequate time to study, reflect upon, and internalize economic assumptions, models, values, and interdisciplinary insights

Flux of nutrients from Russian rivers to the Arctic Ocean: Can we establish a baseline against which to judge future changes?

Climate models predict significant warming in the Arctic in the 21st century, which will impact the functioning of terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems as well as alter land‐ocean interactions in the Arctic. Because river discharge and nutrient flux integrate large‐scale processes, they should be sensitive indicators of change, but detection of future changes requires knowledge of current conditions. Our objective in this paper is to evaluate the current state of affairs with respect to estimating nutrient flux to the Arctic Ocean from Russian rivers. To this end we provide estimates of contemporary (1970s–1990s) nitrate, ammonium, and phosphate fluxes to the Arctic Ocean for 15 large Russian rivers. We rely primarily on the extensive data archives of the former Soviet Union and current Russian Federation and compare these values to other estimates and to model predictions. Large discrepancies exist among the various estimates. These uncertainties must be resolved so that the scientific community will have reliable data with which to calibrate Arctic biogeochemical models and so that we will have a baseline against which to judge future changes (either natural or anthropogenic) in the Arctic watershed