Construcción de una máquina de Goldberg para potenciar la observación y la descripción de estudiantes de grado sexto

Rude Goldberg machine is a device that consists of sequence of simple or complex movements with an ultimate goal, but appears to have the entertainment function of the beholder and designs, can be used in the classroom for teaching physics. In this way and space resulted in one of the seminars for the Physics Degree in the Universidad Pedagógica Nacional named Material laboratory Construction, it develops Goldberg Machine, whose main objective to enhance the skills of observation and description sixth grade students in the College Nuestra Señora de la Salette, the assessment of different types of movement on the machine and previously studied in physics class.La máquina de Rude Goldberg, es un aparato que consiste en una sucesión de movimientos sencillos o complejos con un objetivo final, aunque parece tener como función el entretenimiento de quien la observa y diseña, puede ser utilizada en el aula de clase para la enseñanza de la física. De esta manera y desde el espacio propiciado en uno de los seminarios de la Licenciatura en Física de la Universidad Pedagógica Nacional, llamado Construcción de Material de Laboratorio, se elabora una máquina de Goldberg, cuyo objetivo principal es potenciar las habilidades de observación y descripción de los estudiantes del grado sexto del Colegio Nuestra Señora de la Salette, con la apreciación de los diferentes tipos de movimiento presentes en la máquina y que se estudiaron con anterioridad en la clase de física

Mortality from gastrointestinal congenital anomalies at 264 hospitals in 74 low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries: a multicentre, international, prospective cohort study

Summary Background Congenital anomalies are the fifth leading cause of mortality in children younger than 5 years globally. Many gastrointestinal congenital anomalies are fatal without timely access to neonatal surgical care, but few studies have been done on these conditions in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). We compared outcomes of the seven most common gastrointestinal congenital anomalies in low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries globally, and identified factors associated with mortality. Methods We did a multicentre, international prospective cohort study of patients younger than 16 years, presenting to hospital for the first time with oesophageal atresia, congenital diaphragmatic hernia, intestinal atresia, gastroschisis, exomphalos, anorectal malformation, and Hirschsprung’s disease. Recruitment was of consecutive patients for a minimum of 1 month between October, 2018, and April, 2019. We collected data on patient demographics, clinical status, interventions, and outcomes using the REDCap platform. Patients were followed up for 30 days after primary intervention, or 30 days after admission if they did not receive an intervention. The primary outcome was all-cause, in-hospital mortality for all conditions combined and each condition individually, stratified by country income status. We did a complete case analysis. Findings We included 3849 patients with 3975 study conditions (560 with oesophageal atresia, 448 with congenital diaphragmatic hernia, 681 with intestinal atresia, 453 with gastroschisis, 325 with exomphalos, 991 with anorectal malformation, and 517 with Hirschsprung’s disease) from 264 hospitals (89 in high-income countries, 166 in middleincome countries, and nine in low-income countries) in 74 countries. Of the 3849 patients, 2231 (58·0%) were male. Median gestational age at birth was 38 weeks (IQR 36–39) and median bodyweight at presentation was 2·8 kg (2·3–3·3). Mortality among all patients was 37 (39·8%) of 93 in low-income countries, 583 (20·4%) of 2860 in middle-income countries, and 50 (5·6%) of 896 in high-income countries (p<0·0001 between all country income groups). Gastroschisis had the greatest difference in mortality between country income strata (nine [90·0%] of ten in lowincome countries, 97 [31·9%] of 304 in middle-income countries, and two [1·4%] of 139 in high-income countries; p≤0·0001 between all country income groups). Factors significantly associated with higher mortality for all patients combined included country income status (low-income vs high-income countries, risk ratio 2·78 [95% CI 1·88–4·11], p<0·0001; middle-income vs high-income countries, 2·11 [1·59–2·79], p<0·0001), sepsis at presentation (1·20 [1·04–1·40], p=0·016), higher American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score at primary intervention (ASA 4–5 vs ASA 1–2, 1·82 [1·40–2·35], p<0·0001; ASA 3 vs ASA 1–2, 1·58, [1·30–1·92], p<0·0001]), surgical safety checklist not used (1·39 [1·02–1·90], p=0·035), and ventilation or parenteral nutrition unavailable when needed (ventilation 1·96, [1·41–2·71], p=0·0001; parenteral nutrition 1·35, [1·05–1·74], p=0·018). Administration of parenteral nutrition (0·61, [0·47–0·79], p=0·0002) and use of a peripherally inserted central catheter (0·65 [0·50–0·86], p=0·0024) or percutaneous central line (0·69 [0·48–1·00], p=0·049) were associated with lower mortality. Interpretation Unacceptable differences in mortality exist for gastrointestinal congenital anomalies between lowincome, middle-income, and high-income countries. Improving access to quality neonatal surgical care in LMICs will be vital to achieve Sustainable Development Goal 3.2 of ending preventable deaths in neonates and children younger than 5 years by 2030

Construcción de una máquina de Goldberg para potenciar la observación y la descripción de estudiantes de grado sexto

Rude Goldberg machine is a device that consists of sequence of simple or complex movements with an ultimate goal, but appears to have the entertainment function of the beholder and designs, can be used in the classroom for teaching physics. In this way and space resulted in one of the seminars for the Physics Degree in the Universidad Pedagógica Nacional named Material laboratory Construction, it develops Goldberg Machine, whose main objective to enhance the skills of observation and description sixth grade students in the College Nuestra Señora de la Salette, the assessment of different types of movement on the machine and previously studied in physics class.La máquina de Rude Goldberg, es un aparato que consiste en una sucesión de movimientos sencillos o complejos con un objetivo final, aunque parece tener como función el entretenimiento de quien la observa y diseña, puede ser utilizada en el aula de clase para la enseñanza de la física. De esta manera y desde el espacio propiciado en uno de los seminarios de la Licenciatura en Física de la Universidad Pedagógica Nacional, llamado Construcción de Material de Laboratorio, se elabora una máquina de Goldberg, cuyo objetivo principal es potenciar las habilidades de observación y descripción de los estudiantes del grado sexto del Colegio Nuestra Señora de la Salette, con la apreciación de los diferentes tipos de movimiento presentes en la máquina y que se estudiaron con anterioridad en la clase de física

Efficacy and safety of two whole IgG polyvalent antivenoms, refined by caprylic acid fractionation with or without β-propiolactone, in the treatment of Bothrops asper bites in Colombia

The efficacy and safety of two whole IgG polyvalent antivenoms (A and B) were compared in a randomised, blinded clinical trial in 67 patients systemically envenomed by Bothrops asper in Colombia. Both antivenoms were fractionated by caprylic acid precipitation and had similar neutralising potencies, protein concentrations and aggregate contents. Antivenom B was additionally treated with β-propiolactone to lower its anticomplementary activity. Analysing all treatment regimens together, there were no significant differences between the two antivenoms (A = 34 patients; B = 33 patients) in the time taken to reverse venom-induced bleeding and coagulopathy, to restore physiological fibrinogen concentrations and to clear serum venom antigenaemia. Blood coagulability was restored within 6–24 h in 97% of patients, all of whom had normal coagulation and plasma fibrinogen levels 48 h after the start of antivenom treatment. Two patients (3.0%) had recurrent coagulopathy and eight patients suffered recurrence of antigenaemia within 72 h of treatment. None of the dosage regimens of either antivenom used guaranteed resolution of venom-induced coagulopathy within 6 h, nor did they prevent recurrences. A further dose of antivenom at 6 h also did not guarantee resolution of coagulopathy within 12–24 h in all patients. The incidence of early adverse reactions (all mild) was similar for both antivenoms (15% and 24%; P > 0.05).Instituto Colombiano para el Desarrollo de la Ciencia y la Tecnología Francisco José de Caldas//COLCIENCIAS/ColombiaUniversidad de Antioquia/[206PI0281]/CYTED/ColombiaUniversidad de Costa Rica//UCR/Costa RicaUCR::Vicerrectoría de Investigación::Unidades de Investigación::Ciencias de la Salud::Instituto Clodomiro Picado (ICP

Memorias 2018 : Ciudad al centro

RESUMEN: Recoge las memorias de los diferentes encuentros de “Ciudad al centro”; programa que se viene adelantando de desde el año 2017, el cual tiene como finalidad aportar a la reflexión ciudadana de temas importantes que concitan el interés de todos."CONTENIDO: Introducción. -- 1: Y estás en la memoria… persistir, insistir e incomodar. La memoria para no repetir. Patricia Nieto, Fabiola Lalinde. -- 2: Los inconclusos del acuerdo. Germán Valencia, Pastor Alape. -- 3: La responsabilidad de opinar. Luz María Tobón, Santiago Gamboa. -- 4: ¿Es público lo público? John Jairo Arboleda, David Escobar. -- 5: Ellas en la Cultura. Marta Elena Bravo, Teresita Gómez. -- 6: Cuando baja el telón. Cristóbal Peláez, Germán Carvajal. -- 7: Medellín a contraluz. Pascual Gaviria, Pablo Montoya. -- 8: Diatribas de la cultura. Óscar Roldán, Sergio Restrepo. -- 9: El derecho a la calle. Gilmer Mesa, Juan Carlos Posada.GENERAL : "Edición especial en tiempos de cuarentena