Controle postural estático e risco de quedas em mulheres idosas com e sem incontinência urinária

La incontinencia urinaria (IU) está asociada con la presencia de caídas en los ancianos y puede estar relacionada con déficits en el control postural de ellos. El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo comparar el control postural estático con los ojos abiertos y con los ojos cerrados y el riesgo de caídas entre mujeres ancianas con IU y mujeres ancianas sin IU. La muestra se dividió en dos grupos: ancianas con IU (n=21, edad=65,33±4,57 años) y ancianas sin IU (n=19, edad=66,37±5,26 años). Las características de pérdida urinaria en el grupo con IU se evaluaron utilizando el International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire: Short Forma (ICIQ-SF). El control postural estático de los grupos se midió por el desplazamiento del centro de presión (COP) por medio de una plataforma de fuerza; y el riesgo de caídas fue evaluado por el test del timed up and go. En el análisis estadístico, se utilizaron la prueba U de Mann-Whitney y la prueba de Chicuadrado. La mayoría de las participantes con IU perdieron una pequeña cantidad de orina y todas la perdieron a baja frecuencia. No se observó diferencia entre los grupos en relación con las variables COP (p>0,05) y el riesgo de caídas (p=0,082). Sin embargo, en el análisis intragrupo hubo una diferencia en la velocidad de COP de ambos grupos en la comparación ojos abiertos versus ojos cerrados (p<0,05). No hubo diferencias en el control postural estático y en el riesgo de caídas entre las ancianas con y sin IU.A incontinência urinária (IU) está associada à ocorrência de quedas em idosos e pode ter relação com déficits no controle postural. O objetivo deste trabalho é comparar o controle postural estático, na condição de olhos abertos e fechados, e o risco de quedas entre idosas com IU e idosas sem IU. A amostra foi dividida em dois grupos: idosas com IU (n=21, idade=65,33±4,57 anos) e idosas sem IU (n=19, idade=66,37±5,26 anos). As características da perda urinária do grupo com IU foram avaliadas por meio do International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire: Short Form (ICIQ-SF). O controle postural estático dos grupos foi mensurado pelo deslocamento do centro de pressão (COP) por meio de uma plataforma de força; e o risco de quedas foi avaliado pelo teste timed up and go. Para a análise estatística, foi utilizado o teste U de Mann-Whitney e o teste qui-quadrado. A maioria das participantes com IU perdiam urina em pequena quantidade e todas perdiam em baixa frequência. Não foi observada diferença entre os grupos em relação às variáveis do COP (p>0,05) e o risco de quedas (p=0,082). Entretanto, na análise intragrupos, houve diferença na velocidade do COP de ambos os grupos na comparação olhos abertos versus olhos fechados (p<0,05). Não houve diferença no controle postural estático e no risco de quedas entre idosas com e sem IU.Urinary incontinence (UI) is associated with the occurrence of falls in older people and may be related to failure in the postural control of older people. This study aims to compare static postural control under eyes-closed and eyes-open conditions as well as the risk of falls in older women with UI and without UI. The sample was divided in two groups: a group of older women with UI (n=21, age=65.33±4.57 years) and a group of older women without UI (n=19, age=66.37±5.26 years). The urinary loss characteristics of the UI group were evaluated with use of the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire – Short Form (ICIQ-SF). The static postural control of the groups was measured using displacement of center of pressure (COP) through a force platform and the risk of falls was evaluated with the Timed Up and Go test (TUG). Statistical analysis was performed using Mann Whitney’s U-Testand the chi-square test. Most participants with UI lost urine in small amounts and at low frequency. No difference was observed between the groups with respect to COP variables (p>0.05) and risk of falls (p=0.082). However, in the intragroup analysis, a difference was observed in the COP velocity of both groups comparing open and closed eyes (p<0.05). No difference was observed in the static postural control and risk of falls in older women with and without UI

ANÁLISE DA DOR CRÔNICA EM MULHERES PÓS MASTECTOMIA COM OU SEM RADIOTERAPIA

Objective: To compare the characteristics of chronic pain in women who underwent surgery for breast cancer and who received or not radiotherapy. Methods: A study with a quantitative approach and transversal character was carried out. The sample was divided into 2 groups: women who underwent mastectomy and radiotherapy (GR = 8) and women who underwent mastectomy only (GNR = 9), after at least three months postoperatively. The following instruments were applied: evaluation form, McGill questionnaire, Body Map, Visual Analogue Scale, in addition to the measurement of perimetry. Results: Pain was present in 94.11% of the participants, and in both groups the pain started after the surgery, with daily frequency and short duration. The pushing and pulling movements were cited by 75% of the participants of the RG as causing pain, in the GNR, the reaching movement was the most cited (44%). Regarding sensitivity, the lateral region of the chest was significantly different between the groups. As for the McGill questionnaire, low intensity pain was observed for both groups and the most used descriptors were tiring (87.50%), boring (75%), nauseated (62.50%), frightening (62.50%) and pulling (62.50%) for the RG and hooked (77.77%), needling (66.66%), tiring (66.66%), nauseated (66.66%), frightening (66.66%), punishing (66.66%) and miserable (66.66%) for the GNR. Conclusion: Chronic pain after breast cancer treatment was high in both groups. Although of low intensity, the pain affected the performance of movements and activities of daily living. Thus, care is needed to relieve pain, considering its specificities.Objetivo: Comparar as características da dor crônica em mulheres que realizaram cirurgia para o câncer de mama e que receberam ou não radioterapia. Métodos: Foi realizado um estudo de abordagem quantitativa e caráter transversal. A amostra foi dividida em 2 grupos: mulheres que fizeram mastectomia e radioterapia (GR = 8) e mulheres que fizeram apenas mastectomia (GNR = 9), após, no mínimo, três meses de pós-operatório. Foram aplicados os seguintes instrumentos: ficha de avaliação, questionário McGill, Mapa Corporal, Escala Visual Analógica, além da mensuração da perimetria. Resultados: A dor esteve presente em 94,11% das participantes, sendo que em ambos os grupos a dor teve início após a cirurgia, com frequência diária e com pouca duração. Os movimentos de empurrar e puxar foram citados por 75% das participantes do GR como causadores da dor, já no GNR o movimento de alcançar foi o mais citado (44%). Em relação à sensibilidade, a região lateral do tórax foi significativamente diferente entre os grupos. Quanto ao questionário McGill foi observada dor de baixa intensidade para ambos os grupos e quanto aos descritores os mais utilizados foram cansativa (87,50%), chata (75%), enjoada (62,50%), amedrontadora (62,50%) e repuxa (62,50%) para o GR e fisgada (77,77%), agulhada (66,66%), cansativa (66,66%), enjoada (66,66%), amedrontadora (66,66%), castigante (66,66%) e miserável (66,66%) para o GNR. Conclusão: A dor crônica após o tratamento do câncer de mama apresentou alta ocorrência para ambos os grupos. Embora de baixa intensidade, a dor afetava a realização de movimentos e atividades de vida diária. Desta forma, são necessários cuidados para alívio da dor considerando-se suas especificidades

Weaning from mechanical ventilation in intensive care units across 50 countries (WEAN SAFE): a multicentre, prospective, observational cohort study

International audienceBackground: Current management practices and outcomes in weaning from invasive mechanical ventilation are poorly understood. We aimed to describe the epidemiology, management, timings, risk for failure, and outcomes of weaning in patients requiring at least 2 days of invasive mechanical ventilation. Methods: WEAN SAFE was an international, multicentre, prospective, observational cohort study done in 481 intensive care units in 50 countries. Eligible participants were older than 16 years, admitted to a participating intensive care unit, and receiving mechanical ventilation for 2 calendar days or longer. We defined weaning initiation as the first attempt to separate a patient from the ventilator, successful weaning as no reintubation or death within 7 days of extubation, and weaning eligibility criteria based on positive end-expiratory pressure, fractional concentration of oxygen in inspired air, and vasopressors. The primary outcome was the proportion of patients successfully weaned at 90 days. Key secondary outcomes included weaning duration, timing of weaning events, factors associated with weaning delay and weaning failure, and hospital outcomes. This study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03255109. Findings: Between Oct 4, 2017, and June 25, 2018, 10 232 patients were screened for eligibility, of whom 5869 were enrolled. 4523 (77·1%) patients underwent at least one separation attempt and 3817 (65·0%) patients were successfully weaned from ventilation at day 90. 237 (4·0%) patients were transferred before any separation attempt, 153 (2·6%) were transferred after at least one separation attempt and not successfully weaned, and 1662 (28·3%) died while invasively ventilated. The median time from fulfilling weaning eligibility criteria to first separation attempt was 1 day (IQR 0–4), and 1013 (22·4%) patients had a delay in initiating first separation of 5 or more days. Of the 4523 (77·1%) patients with separation attempts, 2927 (64·7%) had a short wean (≤1 day), 457 (10·1%) had intermediate weaning (2–6 days), 433 (9·6%) required prolonged weaning (≥7 days), and 706 (15·6%) had weaning failure. Higher sedation scores were independently associated with delayed initiation of weaning. Delayed initiation of weaning and higher sedation scores were independently associated with weaning failure. 1742 (31·8%) of 5479 patients died in the intensive care unit and 2095 (38·3%) of 5465 patients died in hospital. Interpretation: In critically ill patients receiving at least 2 days of invasive mechanical ventilation, only 65% were weaned at 90 days. A better understanding of factors that delay the weaning process, such as delays in weaning initiation or excessive sedation levels, might improve weaning success rates. Funding: European Society of Intensive Care Medicine, European Respiratory Society

Weaning from mechanical ventilation in intensive care units across 50 countries (WEAN SAFE): a multicentre, prospective, observational cohort study

Background Current management practices and outcomes in weaning from invasive mechanical ventilation are poorly understood. We aimed to describe the epidemiology, management, timings, risk for failure, and outcomes of weaning in patients requiring at least 2 days of invasive mechanical ventilation. Methods WEAN SAFE was an international, multicentre, prospective, observational cohort study done in 481 intensive care units in 50 countries. Eligible participants were older than 16 years, admitted to a participating intensive care unit, and receiving mechanical ventilation for 2 calendar days or longer. We defined weaning initiation as the first attempt to separate a patient from the ventilator, successful weaning as no reintubation or death within 7 days of extubation, and weaning eligibility criteria based on positive end-expiratory pressure, fractional concentration of oxygen in inspired air, and vasopressors. The primary outcome was the proportion of patients successfully weaned at 90 days. Key secondary outcomes included weaning duration, timing of weaning events, factors associated with weaning delay and weaning failure, and hospital outcomes. This study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03255109. Findings Between Oct 4, 2017, and June 25, 2018, 10 232 patients were screened for eligibility, of whom 5869 were enrolled. 4523 (77·1%) patients underwent at least one separation attempt and 3817 (65·0%) patients were successfully weaned from ventilation at day 90. 237 (4·0%) patients were transferred before any separation attempt, 153 (2·6%) were transferred after at least one separation attempt and not successfully weaned, and 1662 (28·3%) died while invasively ventilated. The median time from fulfilling weaning eligibility criteria to first separation attempt was 1 day (IQR 0–4), and 1013 (22·4%) patients had a delay in initiating first separation of 5 or more days. Of the 4523 (77·1%) patients with separation attempts, 2927 (64·7%) had a short wean (≤1 day), 457 (10·1%) had intermediate weaning (2–6 days), 433 (9·6%) required prolonged weaning (≥7 days), and 706 (15·6%) had weaning failure. Higher sedation scores were independently associated with delayed initiation of weaning. Delayed initiation of weaning and higher sedation scores were independently associated with weaning failure. 1742 (31·8%) of 5479 patients died in the intensive care unit and 2095 (38·3%) of 5465 patients died in hospital. Interpretation In critically ill patients receiving at least 2 days of invasive mechanical ventilation, only 65% were weaned at 90 days. A better understanding of factors that delay the weaning process, such as delays in weaning initiation or excessive sedation levels, might improve weaning success rates

Weaning from mechanical ventilation in intensive care units across 50 countries (WEAN SAFE): a multicentre, prospective, observational cohort study

Background: Current management practices and outcomes in weaning from invasive mechanical ventilation are poorly understood. We aimed to describe the epidemiology, management, timings, risk for failure, and outcomes of weaning in patients requiring at least 2 days of invasive mechanical ventilation. Methods: WEAN SAFE was an international, multicentre, prospective, observational cohort study done in 481 intensive care units in 50 countries. Eligible participants were older than 16 years, admitted to a participating intensive care unit, and receiving mechanical ventilation for 2 calendar days or longer. We defined weaning initiation as the first attempt to separate a patient from the ventilator, successful weaning as no reintubation or death within 7 days of extubation, and weaning eligibility criteria based on positive end-expiratory pressure, fractional concentration of oxygen in inspired air, and vasopressors. The primary outcome was the proportion of patients successfully weaned at 90 days. Key secondary outcomes included weaning duration, timing of weaning events, factors associated with weaning delay and weaning failure, and hospital outcomes. This study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03255109. Findings: Between Oct 4, 2017, and June 25, 2018, 10 232 patients were screened for eligibility, of whom 5869 were enrolled. 4523 (77·1%) patients underwent at least one separation attempt and 3817 (65·0%) patients were successfully weaned from ventilation at day 90. 237 (4·0%) patients were transferred before any separation attempt, 153 (2·6%) were transferred after at least one separation attempt and not successfully weaned, and 1662 (28·3%) died while invasively ventilated. The median time from fulfilling weaning eligibility criteria to first separation attempt was 1 day (IQR 0-4), and 1013 (22·4%) patients had a delay in initiating first separation of 5 or more days. Of the 4523 (77·1%) patients with separation attempts, 2927 (64·7%) had a short wean (≤1 day), 457 (10·1%) had intermediate weaning (2-6 days), 433 (9·6%) required prolonged weaning (≥7 days), and 706 (15·6%) had weaning failure. Higher sedation scores were independently associated with delayed initiation of weaning. Delayed initiation of weaning and higher sedation scores were independently associated with weaning failure. 1742 (31·8%) of 5479 patients died in the intensive care unit and 2095 (38·3%) of 5465 patients died in hospital. Interpretation: In critically ill patients receiving at least 2 days of invasive mechanical ventilation, only 65% were weaned at 90 days. A better understanding of factors that delay the weaning process, such as delays in weaning initiation or excessive sedation levels, might improve weaning success rates. Funding: European Society of Intensive Care Medicine, European Respiratory Society