18 research outputs found
La guerra de Siria y su repercusión en la prensa española
Universidad de Sevilla. Grado en Periodism
Patterns of alcohol consumption and use of health services in spanish university students: UniHcos Project
The aim of the study was to examine the association of alcohol consumption patterns (hazardous alcohol use and binge drinking) and the use of emergency services and primary care consultations in university students. An observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted at eleven Spanish universities collaborating within the uniHcos Project. University students completed an online questionnaire that assessed hazardous alcohol use and binge drinking using the AUDIT questionnaire and evaluated the use of emergency services and primary care. A descriptive analysis of the data was performed, as well as the chi-squared test and Student's t-test and nonconditional logistic regression models to examine this association. Results: There were 10,167 participants who completed the questionnaire. The prevalence of hazardous alcohol use was 16.9% (95% CI: 16.2?17.6), while the prevalence of binge drinking was 48.8% (95% CI: 47.9?49.8). There were significant differences in the use of emergency services in those surveyed with hazardous alcohol use (p < 0.001) or binge drinking pattern (p < 0.001). However, no significant differences were observed in terms of attendance during primary care visits in individuals with hazardous alcohol use (p = 0.367) or binge drinking pattern (p = 0.755). The current study shows the association between university students with a pattern of hazardous alcohol use or binge drinking and greater use of emergency services. However, no significant association was observed between the said consumption patterns and the use of primary care services
Role of age and comorbidities in mortality of patients with infective endocarditis
[Purpose]: The aim of this study was to analyse the characteristics of patients with IE in three groups of age and to assess the ability of age and the Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) to predict mortality.
[Methods]: Prospective cohort study of all patients with IE included in the GAMES Spanish database between 2008 and 2015.Patients were stratified into three age groups:<65 years,65 to 80 years,and ≥ 80 years.The area under the receiver-operating characteristic (AUROC) curve was calculated to quantify the diagnostic accuracy of the CCI to predict mortality risk.
[Results]: A total of 3120 patients with IE (1327 < 65 years;1291 65-80 years;502 ≥ 80 years) were enrolled.Fever and heart failure were the most common presentations of IE, with no differences among age groups.Patients ≥80 years who underwent surgery were significantly lower compared with other age groups (14.3%,65 years; 20.5%,65-79 years; 31.3%,≥80 years). In-hospital mortality was lower in the <65-year group (20.3%,<65 years;30.1%,65-79 years;34.7%,≥80 years;p < 0.001) as well as 1-year mortality (3.2%, <65 years; 5.5%, 65-80 years;7.6%,≥80 years; p = 0.003).Independent predictors of mortality were age ≥ 80 years (hazard ratio [HR]:2.78;95% confidence interval [CI]:2.32–3.34), CCI ≥ 3 (HR:1.62; 95% CI:1.39–1.88),and non-performed surgery (HR:1.64;95% CI:11.16–1.58).When the three age groups were compared,the AUROC curve for CCI was significantly larger for patients aged <65 years(p < 0.001) for both in-hospital and 1-year mortality.
[Conclusion]: There were no differences in the clinical presentation of IE between the groups. Age ≥ 80 years, high comorbidity (measured by CCI),and non-performance of surgery were independent predictors of mortality in patients with IE.CCI could help to identify those patients with IE and surgical indication who present a lower risk of in-hospital and 1-year mortality after surgery, especially in the <65-year group
Dealloying of Cobalt from CuCo Nanoparticles under Syngas Exposure
International audienceThe structure and composition of core−shell CuCo nanoparticles were found to change as a result of cleaning pretreatments and when exposed to syngas (CO + H 2) at atmospheric pressure. In situ X-ray absorption and photoelectron spectroscopies revealed the oxidation state of the particles as well as the presence of adsorbates under syngas. Transmission electron microscopy was used for ex situ analysis of the shape, elemental composition, and structure after reaction. The original core−shell structure was found to change to a hollow CuCo alloy after pretreatment by oxidation in pure O 2 and reduction in pure H 2. After 30 min of exposure to syngas, a significant fraction (5%) of the particles was strongly depleted in cobalt giving copper-rich nanoparticles. This fraction increased with duration of syngas exposure, a phenomenon that did not occur under pure CO or pure H 2. This study suggests that Co and Cu can each individually contribute to syngas conversion with CuCo catalysts
Educafarma 10.0
Memoria ID-030. Ayudas de la Universidad de Salamanca para la innovación docente, curso 2021-2022
Mortality from gastrointestinal congenital anomalies at 264 hospitals in 74 low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries: a multicentre, international, prospective cohort study
Summary
Background Congenital anomalies are the fifth leading cause of mortality in children younger than 5 years globally.
Many gastrointestinal congenital anomalies are fatal without timely access to neonatal surgical care, but few studies
have been done on these conditions in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). We compared outcomes of
the seven most common gastrointestinal congenital anomalies in low-income, middle-income, and high-income
countries globally, and identified factors associated with mortality.
Methods We did a multicentre, international prospective cohort study of patients younger than 16 years, presenting to
hospital for the first time with oesophageal atresia, congenital diaphragmatic hernia, intestinal atresia, gastroschisis,
exomphalos, anorectal malformation, and Hirschsprung’s disease. Recruitment was of consecutive patients for a
minimum of 1 month between October, 2018, and April, 2019. We collected data on patient demographics, clinical
status, interventions, and outcomes using the REDCap platform. Patients were followed up for 30 days after primary
intervention, or 30 days after admission if they did not receive an intervention. The primary outcome was all-cause,
in-hospital mortality for all conditions combined and each condition individually, stratified by country income status.
We did a complete case analysis.
Findings We included 3849 patients with 3975 study conditions (560 with oesophageal atresia, 448 with congenital
diaphragmatic hernia, 681 with intestinal atresia, 453 with gastroschisis, 325 with exomphalos, 991 with anorectal
malformation, and 517 with Hirschsprung’s disease) from 264 hospitals (89 in high-income countries, 166 in middleincome
countries, and nine in low-income countries) in 74 countries. Of the 3849 patients, 2231 (58·0%) were male.
Median gestational age at birth was 38 weeks (IQR 36–39) and median bodyweight at presentation was 2·8 kg (2·3–3·3).
Mortality among all patients was 37 (39·8%) of 93 in low-income countries, 583 (20·4%) of 2860 in middle-income
countries, and 50 (5·6%) of 896 in high-income countries (p<0·0001 between all country income groups).
Gastroschisis had the greatest difference in mortality between country income strata (nine [90·0%] of ten in lowincome
countries, 97 [31·9%] of 304 in middle-income countries, and two [1·4%] of 139 in high-income countries;
p≤0·0001 between all country income groups). Factors significantly associated with higher mortality for all patients
combined included country income status (low-income vs high-income countries, risk ratio 2·78 [95% CI 1·88–4·11],
p<0·0001; middle-income vs high-income countries, 2·11 [1·59–2·79], p<0·0001), sepsis at presentation (1·20
[1·04–1·40], p=0·016), higher American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score at primary intervention
(ASA 4–5 vs ASA 1–2, 1·82 [1·40–2·35], p<0·0001; ASA 3 vs ASA 1–2, 1·58, [1·30–1·92], p<0·0001]), surgical safety
checklist not used (1·39 [1·02–1·90], p=0·035), and ventilation or parenteral nutrition unavailable when needed
(ventilation 1·96, [1·41–2·71], p=0·0001; parenteral nutrition 1·35, [1·05–1·74], p=0·018). Administration of
parenteral nutrition (0·61, [0·47–0·79], p=0·0002) and use of a peripherally inserted central catheter (0·65
[0·50–0·86], p=0·0024) or percutaneous central line (0·69 [0·48–1·00], p=0·049) were associated with lower mortality.
Interpretation Unacceptable differences in mortality exist for gastrointestinal congenital anomalies between lowincome,
middle-income, and high-income countries. Improving access to quality neonatal surgical care in LMICs will
be vital to achieve Sustainable Development Goal 3.2 of ending preventable deaths in neonates and children younger
than 5 years by 2030
Diseño y desarrollo tecnológico de automatización para Impresora pulpo serifráfico termoformadora banda de curadora U.V
IP 1101-08-11032Módulo 1 Aspectos generales sobre la innovación y el desarrollo tecnológico desarrollados; Módulo 2 Impactos del proyecto; Anexo
Discriminación y su relación con las conductas de riesgo y la salud percibida en estudiantes universitarios españoles: Un estudio transversal
Background: Discrimination during vital
moments, such as the university period, can generate a
high impact on people’s behavior and health. The aim
of this study was to analyze the possible association of
discrimination with perceived health and with different
risk behaviors, as well as to describe gender differences
in Spanish university students. Discrimination during
vital moments, such as college, can have a high impact
on people’s behavior and health.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried
out with data from first-year university students from
11 Spanish universities (n=9,862). Discrimination,
perceived health, alcohol consumption, smoking,
consumption of illegal substances, leisure time
connected to the Internet, risky sexual relations,
family function, risk of mental health problems and
risk of eating disorders were assessed. Prevalences
with their 95% confidence intervals were obtained
and for quantitative variables the mean and standard
deviation were calculated. Odds ratios with 95%
confidence intervals were calculated to determine
the relationship between discrimination and the other
variables.
Results: An association was found between
discrimination and fair or poor perceived health (OR:
1.7; p=0.0001), consumption of illegal substances
(OR: 1.3; p=0.002), problematic internet use (OR: 1.3;
p=0.004), family dysfunction (OR: 1.8; p=0.0001),
risk of mental health problems (OR: 1.9; p=0.0001)
and eating disorders (OR: 1.5; p=0.0001). Regarding
gender differences, higher prevalence of discrimination
was observed in men with health status perceived as fair
or worse (OR: 2.2; p=0.0001), family dysfunction (OR:
1.8; p=0.0001), risk of mental health problems (OR:
2.2; p=0.0001) and eating disorders (OR: 1.9; p=0.002).
Women, apart from the previous variables, presented
association of discrimination with consumption of
illegal substances (OR: 1.3; p=0.005) and problematic
internet use (OR: 1.4; p=0.002).
Conclusions: The study findings underline that
there is an association between discrimination and
risk behaviors among Spanish university students.
In turn, discrimination was associated with poor or
fair perceived health, this relationship being similar
in both men and women.Fundamentos: La discriminación durante los
momentos vitales, como el periodo universitario,
puede generar un alto impacto en la conducta y
en el estado de salud de las personas. El estudio
tuvo como objetivo analizar la posible asociación
de la discriminación con la salud percibida y con
distintas conductas de riesgo, así como describir las
diferencias de género en estudiantes universitarios
españoles.
Métodos: Se realizó un estudio transversal
con datos de estudiantes universitarios de primera
matrícula de primer curso de 11 universidades
españolas (n=9.862). Se valoró la discriminación,
la salud percibida, el consumo de alcohol, el hábito
tabáquico, el consumo de sustancias ilegales, el
tiempo de ocio conectado a internet, la práctica de
relaciones sexuales de riesgo, la función familiar, el
riesgo de problemas de salud mental y el riesgo de
trastornos de la conducta alimentaria. Se obtuvieron
las prevalencias con sus intervalos de confianza al
95% y para las variables cuantitativas la media y
desviación estándar. Se calcularon las Odds Ratio con
los intervalos de confianza al 95% para conocer la
relación entre la discriminación y las otras variables.
Resultados: Se encontró asociación entre la
discriminación y una regular o mala salud percibida
(OR: 1,7; p=0,0001), el consumo de sustancias
ilegales (OR: 1,3; p=0,002), el uso problemático de
internet (OR: 1,3; p=0,004), la disfunción familiar
(OR: 1,8; p=0,0001), el riesgo de problemas de
salud mental (OR: 1,9; p=0,0001) y de trastornos
de la conducta alimentaria (OR: 1,5; p=0,0001). En
cuanto a las diferencias de género, se apreciaron
mayores prevalencias de discriminación en hombres
con estado de salud percibida como regular o peor
(OR: 2,2; p=0,0001), disfunción familiar (OR: 1,8;
p=0,0001), riesgo de problemas de salud mental
(OR: 2,2; p=0,0001) y de trastornos de la conducta
alimentaria (OR: 1,9; p=0,002). Las mujeres, además
de las variables anteriores, mostraron asociación de la
discriminación con el consumo de sustancias ilegales
(OR: 1,3; p=0,005) y el uso problemático de internet
(OR: 1,4; p=0,002).
Conclusiones: Los hallazgos del estudio subrayan
que existe asociación entre la discriminación y las
conductas de riesgo de los estudiantes universitarios
españoles. A su vez, la discriminación se asoció
con una mala o regular salud percibida, siendo esta
relación similar tanto en hombres como en mujeres
Role of age and comorbidities in mortality of patients with infective endocarditis.
The aim of this study was to analyse the characteristics of patients with IE in three groups of age and to assess the ability of age and the Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) to predict mortality. Prospective cohort study of all patients with IE included in the GAMES Spanish database between 2008 and 2015.Patients were stratified into three age groups: A total of 3120 patients with IE (1327 There were no differences in the clinical presentation of IE between the groups. Age ≥ 80 years, high comorbidity (measured by CCI),and non-performance of surgery were independent predictors of mortality in patients with IE.CCI could help to identify those patients with IE and surgical indication who present a lower risk of in-hospital and 1-year mortality after surgery, especially in th