SDR: Las radios definidas por software requieren pruebas avanzadas

Hoy en día y más que antes, las tecnologías de radio frecuencia (RF) se están desarrollando para su adaptación - adaptación a un espectro de RF muy poblado - a los diversos requisitos de la red y a los cambios en las especificaciones de los dispositivos. En ningún otro lugar es esto más evidente que en el caso de SDR (Software Defined Radios) que permiten a un software controlar de forma dinámica los parámetros de las comunicaciones tales como la banda de frecuencias utilizada, el tipo de modulación, los tipos de datos y los esquemas de saltos de frecuencia

Valoración por parte de los profesionales de educación de un videojuego (stigma-stop) para sensibilizar en el aula sobre los problemas de salud mental: un estudio preliminar

En el presente estudio se evalúa el interés y utilidad que los profesionales docentes dan a Stigma Stop, un videojuego encaminado a sensibilizar a los jóvenes sobre el estigma en salud mental a través de la historia de cuatro personajes con diferentes trastornos (esquizofrenia, agorafobia, trastorno bipolar y depresión). Los resultados mostraron la utilidad del videojuego, recomendando su utilización para la comprensión de lo que son los trastornos psicológicos y cómo trabajar con el estigma

Collagen organization, polarization sensitivity and image quality in human corneas using second harmonic generation microscopy

In this paper, a Second-Harmonic-Generation (SHG) microscope was used to study the relationship between collagen structural arrangement, image quality and polarization sensitivity in human corneas with different organizations. The degree of order (or alternatively, the Structural Dispersion, SD) was quantified using the structure tensor method. SHG image quality was evaluated with different objective metrics. Dependence with polarization was quantified by means of a parameter defined as polarimetric modulation, which employs polarimetric SHG images acquired with four independent polarization states. There is a significant exponential relationship between the quality of the SHG images and the SD of the samples. Moreover, polarization sensitivity strongly depends on collagen arrangement. For quasi- or partially organized specimens, there is a polarization state that noticeably improves the image quality, providing additional information often not seen in other SHG images. This does not occur in non-organized samples. This fact is closely related to polarimetric modulation, which linearly decreases with the SD. Understanding in more detail the relationships that take place between collagen distribution, image quality and polarization sensitivity brings the potential to enable the development of optimized SHG image acquisition protocols and novel objective strategies for the analysis and detection of pathologies related to corneal collagen disorders, as well as surgery follow-ups

Tailoring the depth of focus for optical imaging systems using a Fourier transform approach

We show how to tailor the depth of focus for an optical system using pupil functions obtained from a Fourier transform approach. These complex amplitude and phase pupil functions are encoded onto a single liquid-crystal spatial light modulator. Experimental results show excellent agreement with theory and indicate the power of this approach

No evidence of firstly acquired acute hepatitis C virus infection outbreak among HIV-infected patients from Southern Spain: a multicentric retrospective study from 2000-2014

Background: Acute hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection (AHCVI) outbreaks have been described recently within defined areas worldwide among HIV-infected homosexual men. This study aims to describe the cumulative frequency and incidence of firstly acquired AHCVI in an HIV-infected population in Southern Spain. Methods: This is a retrospective study conducted at the Infectious Diseases Units of eight hospitals in Andalusia, Southern Spain. Primary AHC was considered as HCV immunoglobulin G antibody seroconversion. The time of infection was considered the moment between the last negative and the first positive HCV antibody determination. Results: A total of 23 cases of primary AHCVI have been detected from 2000 to 2014. Incidence rates [IR; 95 % confidence interval (CI)] were 0.036 (2.272–0.054) per 100 person-years (py) in the overall population over a follow-up period of 64170 py. Of the 22 (95.7 %) male subjects, 21 (95.5 %) had acquired AHCVI by homosexual contact, the IR (95 % CI) was 0.039 (0.024–0.06) per 100 py in this subpopulation. There was no evidence of an increase of AHCVI IR. The incidence of AHCVI was slightly lower between 2000 and 2004 as compared to 2005–2009 [IR ratio (IRR) of 8.8 (95 % CI: 1.279–378.794; p = 0.01)] but reached a plateau afterwards [IRR between 2010 and 2014 versus 2005–2009: 0.727 (0.286–1.848; p = 0.5)]. The median (Q1-Q3) time between the last negative anti-HCV and the first positive anti-HCV determination was 4.7 (1.9–11.2) months. Peak (Q1-Q3) ALT and total bilirubin values during AHCVI were 496 (291–656) IU/mL and 1.15 (0.9–1.98) mg/dL, respectively. Conclusions: In contrast to what has been reported from other areas, the incidence of primary AHCVI in the HIVinfected population is stable in Southern Spain and there is no evidence of an epidemic, in spite of the high prevalence of HIV/HCV-coinfection in this area.Plan Nacional R + D + I RD12/0017/0012ISCIII-Subdirección General de EvaluaciónFondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER) European Union (EU)Instituto de Salud Carlos III PI15/01124, CP13/00187, Programa-I3SN

Instantaneous current vectors in polyphase systems: two compensation concepts

6 páginas, 9 figuras, 24 referencias.-- Trabajo presentado al Modern Electric Power Systems (MEPS) International Symposium, celebrado del 20-22 de septiembre 2010, en Wroclaw, Polonia.According to the target of minimal line losses and a power factor equal to one, the present work studies two concepts of instantaneous compensation of nonactive current which are generally applied to polyphase systems. The analysis is defined both on the basis of the instantaneous value concept, for arbitrary voltage and current waveforms, and on the basis of the average value concept, for steady-state and periodic conditions. Results of using these concepts for instantaneous compensation are compared by simulation.Peer reviewe

Tratamiento asistido por artroscopia de las fracturas de radio distal

ResumenLa artroscopia proporciona una valoración directa de la superficie articular y permite detectar lesiones asociadas en las fracturas de la extremidad distal del radio. Su incorporación al tratamiento de estas fracturas ha supuesto un mejor control de la reducción de los trazos articulares, pero se trata de una técnica compleja que aún no está generalizada entre la mayoría de los cirujanos ortopédicos y/o de la mano y la muñeca.Se realiza una revisión y actualización de las ventajas, las indicaciones, las claves técnicas, los resultados y los datos científicos de su utilidad para el tratamiento de las fracturas del radio distal.AbstractArthroscopy provides a direct evaluation of the joint surface and enables associated injuries to be detected in fractures of the distal end of the radius. Although its incorporation into the treatment of these fractures has led to a better control in the reduction of joint traces, it is a complicated technique that is still not in general use by the majority of orthopaedic and/or hand and wrist surgeons.A review is presented here, as well as an update of the advantages, indications, the key techniques, results, and scientific data of its use in the treatment of distal radius fractures

Lidar ratio derived for pure dust aerosols: multi-year micro pulse lidar observations in a Saharan dust-influenced region

El volumen 119 de 2016 de la revista EPJ Web of Conferences recoge las ponencias del 27th International Laser Radar Conference (ILRC 27)A seasonal distribution of the Lidar Ratio (LR, extinction-to-backscattering coefficient ratio) for pure Saharan dust particles has been achieved. Simultaneous MPLNET/Micro Pulse lidar measurements in synergy with AERONET sun-photometer data were collected in the Tenerife area, a Saharan dust-influenced region, from June 2007 to November 2009. Dusty cases were mostly observed in summertime (71.4 % of total dusty cases). No differences were found among the LR values derived for spring, summertime and autumn times (a rather consistent seasonally averaged LR value of 57 sr is found). In wintertime, however, a higher mean LR is derived (65 sr), associated likely with a potential contamination from fine biomass burning particles coming from Sahel area during wintertime deforestation fires period. Results, obtained from a free-tropospheric pristine station (AEMET/Izaña Observatory) under Saharan dust intrusion occurrence, provide a more realistic perspective about LR values to be used in elastic lidar-derived AOD inversion for Saharan pure dust particles, and hence in improving CALIPSO AOD retrievals.This work has been supported by the Spanish Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (MINECO) under grant CGL2011-24891 (AMISOC project)

Etiology of chronic urticaria: the Ecuadorian experience

Background: The purpose of this study was to identify chronic urticaria (CU) etiologies and treatment modalities in Ecuador. We propose that the sample distribution fits the expected one, and that there is an association between the etiology and its treatment. Methods: We performed a retrospective study involving 112 patients diagnosed with CU using a Checklist for a complete chronic urticaria medical history. Demographic and clinical variables were collected. The etiology of CU was classified using the EAACI/GA2LEN/EDF/WAO guideline. Descriptive analyses were performed for demographical and clinical variables. Chi square tests were applied to analyze the fit of distribution and the independence of variables. P values less than 0.05 were considered significant. Results: Among all the patients, 76.8% were diagnosed with chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU), of which 22.3% had a known etiology or possible exacerbating condition. Food allergy was identified as the most common accompanying condition in patients with CSU (10.7%) (p < 0.01).. On the other hand, 23.2% inducible urticarias (CIndU) were indentified; dermographism was the most common (10.7%) (p < 0.01). Regarding treatment regimens, sg-H1-antihistamines alone represented the highest proportion (44.6%). The combination of any H1-antihistamine plus other drug was a close second (42.0%) (p < 0.01). Almost 48% of CSUs of unknown etiology were treated with any antihistamine plus another drug. In patients with known etiology, sg-antihistamines alone (44.0%) was the most common management. In addition, 53.8% of CIndUs were treated with sg-antihistamines alone. Though, these associations were not statistically significant. Conclusion: CSU is the most frequent subtype of CU. Modern non-sedating antihistamines in licensed doses are the drug of choice. Nevertheless, a great proportion of patients require the addition of another type of medication

Filling the agronomic data gap through a minimum data collection approach

Context: Agronomic data such as applied inputs, management practices, and crop yields are needed for assessing productivity, nutrient balances, resource use efficiency, as well as other aspects of environmental and economic performance of cropping systems. In many instances, however, these data are only available at a coarse level of aggregation or simply do not exist. Objectives: Here we developed an approach that identifies sites for agronomic data collection for a given crop and country, seeking a balance between minimizing data collection efforts and proper representation of the main crop producing areas. Methods: The developed approach followed a stratified sampling method based on a spatial framework that delineates major climate zones and crop area distribution maps, which guides selection of sampling areas (SA) until half of the national harvested area is covered. We provided proof of concept about the robustness of the approach using three rich databases including data on fertilizer application rates for maize, wheat, and soybean in Argentina, soybean in the USA, and maize in Kenya, which were collected via local experts (Argentina) and field surveys (USA and Kenya). For validation purposes, fertilizer rates per crop and nutrient derived at (sub-) national level following our approach were compared against those derived using all data collected from the whole country. Results: Application of the approach in Argentina, USA, and Kenya resulted in selection of 12, 28, and 10 SAs, respectively. For each SA, three experts or 20 fields were sufficient to give a robust estimate of average fertilizer rates applied by farmers. Average rates at national level derived from our approach compared well with those derived using the whole database ( ± 10 kg N, ± 2 kg P, ± 1 kg S, and ± 5 kg K per ha) requiring less than one third of the observations. Conclusions: The developed minimum crop data collection approach can fill the agronomic data gaps in a costeffective way for major crop systems both in large- and small-scale systems. Significance: The proposed approach is generic enough to be applied to any crop-country combination to guide collection of key agricultural data at national and subnational levels with modest investment especially for countries that do not currently collect data