Analysis of the Internal Environment of the Pharmaceutical Distributor Operation in Russia Using SWOT Analysis

BACKGROUND: The general directions of the organization’s development should be clearly formulated, i.e., a business strategy should be developed in order to achieve the long-term competitive advantages in the operation of a pharmaceutical distributor with its own pharmacy warehouse in Russia. AIM: Identification of strengths and weaknesses, opportunities and threats in the operation of a pharmaceutical distributor with its own pharmacy warehouse. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The SWOT analysis was used to analyze the environment, which enabled a joint study of the external and internal environment. During the study, content analysis of secondary sources of information was used (data from the Federal State Statistics Service, DSM Group marketing agency), as well as sociological analysis. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: During the SWOT analysis, ten factors were identified that ensured the normal functioning of the pharmaceutical distributor, as well as 11 negative factors were identified that negatively affected the operation of the pharmacy warehouse. The article presents qualitative description of the strengths and weaknesses. Ten factors were attributed to the favorable opportunities for the organization’s activities; seven positions were considered as threats to the activities of the distributor. It should be noted that all factors of external environment are in a state of strong mutual influence. A change in one of the factors necessarily leads to a change in other factors. Therefore, their study and analysis should not be carried out separately, but systematically, with tracking not only the actual changes in one factor but also the process how these changes will affect other factors. After identifying strengths and weaknesses, opportunities and threats, a table was compiled and all intersections were analyzed, i.e., all possible pairwise combinations that would help determining the future strategy. At present, the strategic goal of a number of wholesale companies in the pharmaceutical market is defined as increasing return on investment. CONCLUSION: In this article, SWOT analysis has been used to provide some suggestions on overcoming weaknesses and threats in the activities of a pharmaceutical distributor, as well as on proper use of strengths and opportunities. During the study, pharmaceutical industry practitioners discussed the impact of various economic factors, strengths, opportunities, weaknesses, and threats regarding the activities of pharmaceutical distributor, as well as related problems and prospects for the future

Кібербезахист у цифровому навчальному середовищі: зовнішні та внутрішні ризики

The paper describes a novel project aimed at developing the concept and technique of cyber safety system of the education process’ participants in the digital learning environment (integration of human and cyber-physical systems approach). A striking feature of the proposed approach lies in its notable difference from the one and focus on a human in the network’s cybersecurity loop rather than technical aspects or human personal data. Besides, it discusses the method and way of conducting experimental studies.У статті описано новий проект, спрямований на розробку концепції та техніки системи кіберзахисту учасників навчального процесу в цифровому навчальному середовищі (інтеграція людського та кібер-фізичного системного підходу). Принциповою особливістю запропонованого підходу є його помітна відмінність від інших підходів і спрямованість на людину в контурі кібербезпеки мережі, а не на технічних аспектах чи персональних даних людини. Крім того, обговорюється методика та спосіб проведення експериментальних досліджень

ПАТОГЕНЕТИЧНЕ ОБҐРУНТУВАННЯ ВИКОРИСТАННЯ ЛОЗАРТАНУ У ХВОРИХ НА ХРОНІЧНУ ХВОРОБУ НИРОК З БЕЗСИМПТОМНОЮ ГІПЕРУРИКЕМІЄЮ

В статье освещается проблема влияния гиперурикемии на развитие и течение сердечно-сосудистой патологии. На основании данных ряда исследований показано, что имеется все больше свидетельств об отрицательном влиянии нетрадиционных факторов риска таких как гиперурикемия, микроальбуминурия и др. на прогноз сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний, в том числе и при хронической болезни почек. Основываясь на результаты клинических исследований показано, что лозартан способен блокировать реабсорбцию мочевой кислоты в проксимальных канальцах почек, снижая уровень мочевой кислоты у пациентов с хроничeской болезнью почек, артериальной гипертензией и бессимптомной гиперурикемией

Phylogeny and Diversification Patterns among Vesicomyid Bivalves

Vesicomyid bivalves are among the most abundant and diverse symbiotic taxa in chemosynthetic-based ecosystems: more than 100 different vesicomyid species have been described so far. In the present study, we investigated the phylogenetic positioning of recently described vesicomyid species from the Gulf of Guinea and their western Atlantic and Pacific counterparts using mitochondrial DNA sequence data. The maximum-likelihood (ML) tree provided limited support for the recent taxonomic revision of vesicomyids based on morphological criteria; nevertheless, most of the newly sequenced specimens did not cluster with their morphological conspecifics. Moreover, the observed lack of geographic clustering suggests the occurrence of independent radiations followed by worldwide dispersal. Ancestral character state reconstruction showed a significant correlation between the characters “depth” and “habitat” and the reconstructed ML phylogeny suggesting possible recurrent events of ‘stepwise speciation’ from shallow to deep waters in different ocean basins. This is consistent with genus or species bathymetric segregation observed from recent taxonomic studies. Altogether, our results highlight the need for ongoing re-evaluation of the morphological characters used to identify vesicomyid bivalves

Экспериментальное обоснование эффективности «массажа» ретинальных вен для лечения окклюзии вен сетчатки

Objective: evaluate the effectiveness of treatment of retinal vein occlusion with the use of “massage” of retinal veins on the experimental model of photoinduced retinal venous occlusive disease.Materials and methods. Studies were carried out on 30 rabbits of the Chinchilla breed (30 eyes) weighing 1.5–2.0 kg. In the first stage of the experiment, for all animals the photoinduced thrombosis were modeled by laser irradiation of its retinal veins for 0.3–0.4 seconds at a density of 200 J/cm2 and a wavelength of 662 nm after the administration of “Photoditazine” at a dose of 2.5 mg/kg weight. In the second stage of the experiment, the animals were divided into the main group and the comparison group, depending on the method of treatment: 15 animals of the main group with “massage” of the retinal vein in the form of 5–7 movements with a silicone tip of the scanner Tano, 15 animals of the comparison group with epiretinal administration of recombinant prourokinase in a dose 500 international units (IU).Results. The formation of a parietal thrombus in the simulation of photoinduced the central retinal vein occlusion in the experiment leads to a slowing of perfusion in the affected vessel by (8.0 ± 2.5) s (according to fluorescence angiography), an increase in the thickness of the central parts of the retina by (70.2 ± 9.7) μm (according to optical coherence tomography), to the appearance of crimp and uneven lumen of the retina veins, extensive plasma and hemorrhages (according to the data of ophthalmoscopy). On the model of retinal veins thrombosis, a new method of treating retinal vein occlusion was tested, which showed significant efficacy. It has been established that the use of “massage” of the affected retinal vein reduces the time of venous perfusion by 1.3 times and 1.45 times accelerates the resorption of the edema of the central parts of the retina compared to enzymatic thrombolysis.Conclusions. “Massage” of the retinal veins is an effective method of treating retinal vein occlusion and is not accompanied by damage to chorioretinal structures during manipulation.Цель работы: на экспериментальной модели фотоиндуцированного тромбоза центральной вены сетчатки и ее ветвей оценить эффективность лечения окклюзии вен сетчатки с применением «массажа» ретинальных вен.Материалы и методы. Исследование проведено на 30 кроликах породы шиншилла (30 глаз) массой 1,5–2,0 кг. На первом этапе эксперимента всем животным моделировали фотоиндуцированный тромбоз при помощи лазерного облучения ретинальных вен в течение 0,3–0,4 с при плотности воздействия 200 Дж/см2 и длине волны 662 нм после введения фотодитазина в дозе 2,5 мг/кг массы. На втором этапе эксперимента животных разделяли на основную группу и группу сравнения в зависимости от метода лечения: 15 животным основной группы выполняли «массаж» пораженной ретинальной вены в виде 5–7 движений силиконовым наконечником скраппера Tano, 15 животным группы сравнения эпиретинально вводили рекомбинантную проурокиназу в дозе 500 международных единиц (МЕ).Результаты. Формирование пристеночного тромба при моделировании фотоиндуцированной окклюзии ретинальных вен в эксперименте приводит к замедлению перфузии в пораженном сосуде на (8,0 ± 2,5) с (по данным флуоресцентной ангиографии), увеличению толщины центральных отделов сетчатки на (70,2 ± 9,7) мкм (по данным оптической когерентной томографии), появлению извитости и неравномерности просвета вен сетчатки, обширных плазмо- и геморрагий (по данным офтальмоскопии). На модели тромбоза ретинальных вен апробирован новый метод лечения окклюзии вен сетчатки, показавший значительную эффективность. Установлено, что применение «массажа» пораженной ретинальной вены сокращает время венозной перфузии и в 1,45 раза ускоряет резорбцию отека центральных отделов сетчатки по сравнению с ферментным тромболизисом.Выводы. «Массаж» ретинальных вен является эффективным методом лечения окклюзии вен сетчатки и не сопровождается повреждением хориоретинальных структур во время манипуляции

MODERN APPROACH TO MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION OF PROSTATE TUMORS

The aim of the study was the development of a cell biosensor system based on the fact that AR activator stimuli lead to redistribution of AR from cytoplasm to the nucleus. These changes could be measured and used for the diagnostics and personalized treatment of prostate cancer patient. The stably transfected cell lines with fluorescently tagged AR were generated. For the stable cell expression the non AR expressing HeLa cell line was used. The constructs of chimeric fluorescent proteins wild type AR or mutant ART877A were used for the transfection. The changes of the CFP-AR-YFP and CFP-ART877A-YFP proteins in the nucleus of HeLa cells under different concentrations steroids treatment was investigated. Moreover, the quantity of activated receptor in the nucleus was carried

INFLUENCE OF HEAT TREATMENT ON THE STRUCTURAL AND MECHANICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF STEELS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF MOLDS OF INJECTION MOLDING

Приведен сравнительный анализ сложнолегированных штамповых сталей инструментального класса с целью замены стали 4Х4МВФС, применяемой в настоящее время для изготовления пуансона машины литья под давлением, на более перспективную разработанную сталь 70Х3Г2ФТР.A comparative analysis of complex alloyed die steels tool class to replace steel 4Х4МВФС, currently used for the manufacture of the punch machine die casting for the more promising of the developed steel 70Х3Г2ФТР