HUBUNGAN KEKERASAN EMOSIONAL DAN FISIK ORANG TUA DENGAN KONSEP DIRI PADA REMAJA DI SMP N 35 PADANG TAHUN 2014

FAKULTAS KEPERAWATAN UNIVERSITAS ANDALAS Skripsi, Juli 2014 Nurul Fiqi (0910322014) Hubungan Kekerasan Emosional dan Fisik Orang Tua dengan Konsep Diri pada Remaja di SMP Negeri 35 Padang Tahun 2014 ABSTRAK Masalah kekerasan pada anak telah menjadi perhatian dunia, begitu banyak anak yang menjadi korban kekerasan. Kekerasan emosional dan fisik merupakan jenis kekerasan yang sering dilakukan orang tua. Kekerasan emosional dan fisik akan mempengaruhi konsep diri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan kekerasan emosional dan fisik orang tua dengan konsep diri pada remaja di SMP Negeri 35 Padang. Jenis penelitian ini adalah deskriptif analitik dengan desain cross sectional study dengan jumlah sampel 82 siswa. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan teknik proportinate random sampling. Data diperoleh dari kuesioner. Analisa data menggunakan uji chi square. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan 70,7% siswa mengalami kekerasan emosional tipe ringan, sebagian responden 41,5% mengalami kekerasan fisik tipe sedang dan ringan, 54,9% memiliki konsep diri yang negatif. Hasil analisa statistik menunjukkan terdapat hubungan yang bermakna (p = 0,000) antara kekerasan emosional dengan konsep diri remaja dan terdapat hubungan yang bermakna (p= 0,000) antara kekerasan fisik dengan konsep diri remaja. Orang tua seharusnya mampu menciptakan iklim keluarga yang jauh dari kekerasan agar remaja dapat menciptakan konsep diri positif. Kata kunci : kekerasan emosional, kekerasan fisik, konsep diri Daftar pustaka : 40 (1992 - 2013

KONSTRUKSI PENGURUS PIMPINAN WILAYAH GERAKAN PEMUDA ANSOR JAWA TIMURTENTANG PLURALISME AGAMA MENURUT GUS DUR

Abstrak  Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mendeskripsikan konstruksi pengurus Pimpinan Wilayah Gerakan PemudaAnsor Jawa Timur tentang pluralisme agama menurut Gus Dur. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatankualitatif. Informan penelitian berjumlah 5 pengurus Pimpinan Wilayah Gerakan Pemuda Ansor JawaTimur. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah wawancara dan dokumentasi. Sedangkan, untukteknik keabsahan data menggunakan triangulasi sumber. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan makna pluralismeagama menurut Gus Dur oleh pengurus Pimpinan Wilayah Gerakan Pemuda Ansor Jawa Timur dilihatdari tiga momen dialektis yang simultan yakni momen eksternalisasi, pengurus Pimpinan WilayahGerakan Pemuda Ansor Jawa Timur memperoleh pengetahuan tentang pluralisme agama menurut GusDur melalui materi-materi seminar, workshop,  membaca buku dan diskusi dalam kegiatan rutinorganisasi. Pada momen obyektivasi pengetahuan yang diperoleh mengalami intersubyektivitas yangdiinternalisasikan menjadi makna subyektif. Pengurus Pimpinan Wilayah Gerakan Pemuda Ansor JawaTimur memahami pluralisme agama menurut Gus Dur sebagai suatu dasar yang mengatur pola hubunganantar umat yang berbeda agama. Pluralisme agama menurut Gus Dur meliputi prinsip humanis,pribumisasi Islam, demokrasi, dan keadilan. Peneliti menemukan data lain bahwa pluralisme agama dapatdimaknai ketika memahami agama secara substansi, selain itu peneliti juga menemukan bahwa pluralismeagama menurut Gus Dur adalah titik temu nilai-nilai agama-agama dan pluralisme agama sebagai strategipolitik.Kata Kunci: Konstruksi, Pengurus Pimpinan Wilayah Gerakan Pemuda Ansor Jawa Timur, Pluralisme  Agama Menurut Gus Dur.  Abstract The purpose of this study is to describe the construction committee management of Regional LeadershipGerakan Pemuda Ansor East Java on religious pluralism according Gus Dur. This study used a qualitativeapproach. The informants were 5 management of Regional Leadership Gerakan Pemuda Ansor East Java.Data collection techniques used were interviews and documentation. Whereas, for the validity of the datausing a triangulation technique source. The results showed the construction committee management ofRegional Leadership Gerakan Pemuda Ansor East Java on religious pluralism according Gus Dur can beviewed from three simultaneous dialectical moment that at the moment of board externalization themanagemen of Regional Leadership Gerakan Pemuda Ansor East Java acquire knowledge about religiouspluralism according Gus Dur through the material seminars, workshops, read books and discussions in theroutine activities of the organization. Management of Regional Leadership Gerakan Pemuda Ansor EastJava understanding of religious pluralism according Gus Dur as a basic set pattern of relationshipsbetween people of different religions. Religious pluralism according Gus Dur include humanistprinciples, indigenization of Islam, democracy, and justice. Researchers found other data that can beinterpreted as religious pluralism understood religion in substance, in addition, researchers also found thatreligious pluralism according Gus Dur is the meeting point values of religions and religious pluralism as apolitical strategy.Keywords: Construction, Regional Leadership Board Youth Movement Ansor East Java ReligiousPluralism According to Gus Dur. &nbsp

Polymer - Silicon Sensor For Determination Flow

Research stream in sea is an actual problem for studying the physical processes proceeding at oceans and the seas. There are two main problems at development of the sensor contacting to an aquatic environment: if electrodes of the sensors measuring a stream are isolated from water, water pressure renders destroying influence on the sensor measuring a stream; if electrodes of the sensor adjoin to water, the water environment shunts electrodes and brings distortions in physical value of electric parameters of the sensor. We offer the hybrid organic-silicon sensor for measuring simultaneously temperature fields and the space a profile of the heat stream of an aquatic environment. The measurement can be carried out both in near-surface areas, and on various depths in an aquatic environment. The application for this purpose of organic-composite materials allows extending a research range

An Assessment of Network Learning in Higher Education: The Case of Mekelle University Undergraduate Students

The vision for higher education institutions described by the Ministry of Education (MoE) suggests a need for innovative instructional approaches consistent with current recommendations and reforms. This study explored the perceptions and understanding of department heads (n=9), quality assurance officers (n=2) and teachers (n=9) who have been offered support/guidance for networks, undergraduate students (n=80) who have been organized in Network learning and network leaders (n=16). These participants were from two colleges in Mekelle University (MU): College of Natural and Computational Sciences(CNCS) as well as College of Dry Land Agriculture and Natural Resources (CDLANR).The Network Learning is realized as a means to utilize the fundamentals of small group learning and that contribute to successful student learning as opposed to a more traditional small group learning approaches. To do this effect, a questionnaire having three parts was administered to student networks (network leaders) and Focused Group Discussion (FGD) carried out with faculty members of the two colleges in order to elicit in depth their beliefs and understandings about Network Learning, such as, what constitutes effective Network Learning, and how it works. While SPSS was inter alia be utilized to analyze quantitative data, descriptive approach under predetermined thematic topics was used to analyze qualitative data. The key findings were the following: (1) most teachers seemed to have positive attitude toward Networking Learning, yet their understanding of the basic components of small group learning such as student networks, was problematic; (2) Student Network leaders reported networks are not functioning well, and (3) The students expressed trust in teacher role during small group learning and have the confidence that network members comply with basic principle of small group learning. Keywords: Student Network: A network consist of a team of five students that are linked in classroom setting to help each other for furthering learning. Learning: Refers to multi-dimensional and multi-phase activity of students to acquire knowledge and skill. DOI: 10.7176/JEP/11-7-02 Publication date:March 31st 202

Assessing Benefits and Barriers to Deployment of Solar Mini Grids in Ghanaian Rural Island Communities

Researchers, policy makers, and development partners are increasingly concerned about the challenges of climate change and lack of energy access facing countries in sub-Saharan Africa. While the majority of people in sub-Saharan African countries lack livelihood diversification skills and are vulnerable to climate change, energy poverty is also widespread, particularly in the rural areas where it is difficult and expensive to extend grid electricity. In the face of these two challenges, it has been envisaged that since sub-Saharan Africa is endowed with variety of renewable energy resources such as solar, wind, and biomass, their deployment could help address both climate change and energy access in the region. While the deployment of renewable energy could offer benefits for rural populations in the region, barriers to their deployment are inevitable. There has been limited research on co-benefits and barriers to renewable energy deployment in sub-Saharan Africa. This dissertation combines climate compatible development and social construction of technology theoretical frameworks as the analytical framework alongside mixed methods including surveys, semi-structured interviews, focus group discussions, and direct observations to identify the benefits and barriers to the deployment of solar mini grids in Ghanaian rural island communities. The island communities were created in 1965 as a result of the construction of Ghana’s largest hydro-electric dam and they have remained so until 2015 when the World Bank Group funded the provision of solar mini grids in five communities. Major benefits that emerged include adaptation benefits such as creation of jobs and business opportunities; mitigation benefits such as replacement of kerosene use and reduction in deforestation; and development benefits such as improvement in healthcare delivery and school performance. Key barriers identified include infrastructural, socio-cultural, and technical barriers. Based on the findings, the study concluded that solar mini grids could address both climate change and energy access in the region and as such, more resources should be channeled towards their deployment, while steps are also taken to address both the technical and socio-cultural barriers. Given that the Ghanaian islands share many similarities with other sub-Saharan African rural contexts, the results are transferable to other rural areas in the region

The impact of empowerment on employees’ performance at Bank Simpanan Nasional / Nuru Hafizah Khairudin

This research aims to investigate the relationship between empowerment and employee performance in the Malaysian banking industry. It also aims to examine the influence of empowerment on employee performance and to identify which of the three (3) dimensions of empowerment has the greatest influence over employees’ job performance. The three dimensions of empowerment namely competence, self determination and effect are the identified independent variables, with employees’ job performance as the dependent variable. Each of the dimensions of empowerment was tested to determine its relationship with employee performance. Questions on empowerment were adopted from Spreitzer (1995) 5-item questions on competence, self determination and effect. The questions on performance were adapted from Carly Webster’s (2006) empirical study on “An empirical analysis of the relationships between the interactive use of performance measurement systems, creativity and performance: the intervening role of psychological empowerment”. The questionnaires were distributed to employees who are currently working in the Headquarters of Bank Simpanan Nasional and 150 respondents were participated in the survey. Three (3) hypotheses were developed and tested using Descriptive Analysis, Pearson Correlation Coefficient and Regression Analysis. The findings indicate that employees in the banking industry find that empowerment strongly influences employees’ job performance. There is significant correlation between the dimensions of empowerment and employees’ job performance. They feel that when they are empowered with freedom and opportunities to influence decision making in their jobs or organisation, their performance will improve significantly. The implications of these findings are discussed and suggestions for future research are also identified and proposed

The prevalence and determinants of diabetic retinopathy in Botswana: Findings from a screening programme

Background: The International Diabetes Federation estimates that the number of adults with diabetes in Africa will increase by 98% by the year 2030. The importance of diabetic retinopathy as a cause of blindness has increased because of longevity and a decline in the other preventable causes of blindness in developing countries. Retinopathy diagnosed early, followed closely, and treated timeously with retinal laser therapy, prevents blinding retinopathy. The objective of the study is to determine the prevalence of Diabetic Retinopathy, its determinants and the acceptability as well as accessibility of the screening service by patients. Methods: The study is a cross-sectional study conducted at Gaborone diabetic retinopathy screening clinic. Convenience sampling was used where every eligible patient that arrived for DR screening and had consented was included in the study. Basic descriptive statistics of the study sample were reported and a multivariate analysis was performed with DR as the outcome of interest. Results: A total of 220 participants attended the clinic between 12th of January and 6th of February 2015. The mean age of the participants was 55.96 (p=0.32) years and females comprised the majority 65.45% (n= 144, p=0.33)) of participants. A fifth of the participants (n=43, p=0.67) felt they had poor knowledge of diabetes and 25.91% (n=57, p=0.96) stated they did not understand the purpose of screening. Only 63.64% (n=140, p=0.46) reported to always being compliant with their medication and compliance did not differ significantly between those who had retinopathy and those who did not. Traditional medicine use was reported in 16.36% of the participants (n=36, p=0.33). Diabetic Retinopathy was found in 31.82% (n=70) of the population and of those, 3 participants (1.36%) had referable DR. Maculopathy was found in 21.82% (n=48) of participants. Increasing household number and years living with DM were the only variables found to have a significant association with development of diabetic retinopathy. Conclusion: The prevalence of diabetic retinopathy has increased in our population compared to previous studies. The number of Diabetics attending the DR screening service in Gaborone has also increased but continuous diabetes health education cannot be over emphasized. Incorporation of local cultural values into the overall management of the disease is the best way to increase patient compliance

Challenges and Opportunities of Handicraft Production Among Afar Women: The Case of Aysaita District

Diversification is a matter of survival for most poor pastoralists, where as for the relatively wealthy pastoralists it is a strategy of accumulation or investment (Fiona, 2007). Both men & women pastoralists participate in income generating activities. However, their participation in income generation activities compounded with many constraints. This article explores the major challenges and opportunities of hand craft production among Afar women pastoralists. In a general term, the study employed descriptive research design. Consequently, survey questionnaire was administered for a total of 24 women pastoralist and agro pastoralist of Berga kebele.Handicraft production is an important source of income pastoralists (especially women). However, the potential of this commercial avenue has not been fully realized. Some reasons for this include; limited market, lack of storage and production areas, shortage of finance for the purchase of quality raw materials and production equipment; and lack of skills for improved production.Traditionally, handicrafts were only produced for household use and for gifts. The community has realized that tourists and other visitors are interested in buying these items and that they can generate an income. Household items, leatherwork, carpets and ropes and traditional weaponry are popular with visitors to the region. Most of the traditional handicrafts are produced using locally available palm tree leaves. The Afar mostly use brass or bronze to create jewelry.The Regional culture and tourism bureau should arrange cultural exhibitions and promote these cultural produces at federal and international levels that increase economic incomes of households and popularize their products.All stakeholders including women and Youth bureau, cooperative offices and pastoral agriculture development bureau should work in collaboration in order to create market linkage with other traders.Research Institutions and Development agents should work closely to solve raw materials shortages and make accessible for them in their locality.  In general, there should urgently need to organize the producers, establish microfinance/ rural saving and lending systems and provide training on improved production techniques and to create market channels. This will secure a more stable livelihood for the Afar people. Keywords: Afar, Pastoralism, Pastoralist Handcraft, Production, Women pastoralist DOI: 10.7176/JCSD/59-01 Publication date:May 31st 202

Nutritional Status of Ethiopian Children from 2-<5 Years of Age Living in Khartoum, 2019

سوء التغذية الحاد هو الشكل الأبرز لنقص التغذية. ويظهر على وجه الطفل وهيكله العظمي - ويتطلب معالجة عاجلة ليتمكن الطفل من البقاء الأطفال الذين يعانون من سوء التغذية الحاد يكونون ذوي وزن منخفض جدا ومصابين بالهزال العضلي الشديد، وقد يكون لديهم وذمة غذائية ينشأ عنها تورم القدمين والوجه والأطراف. يعيش حوالي ثلثي هؤلاء الأطفال في آسيا والثلث الأخير في أفريقيا .إن سوء التغذية الحاد هو السبب الرئيسي للوفاة بين الأطفال دون سن الخامسة.و في جميع أنحاء العالم، يتأثر ما يقدر بنحو 16 مليون طفل تحت سن الخامسة من سوء التغذية الحاد. هذا الرقم مذهل ويبقى القضاء على سوء التغذية الحاد هو التحدي الاجتماعي والسياسي المعقد ،. أﺟﺮﻳﺖ هذه اﻟﺪراﺳﺔ ﻟﺘﺤﺪﻳﺪ التقيم الغذائي أو اﻟﻮﺿﻊ اﻟﺘﻐﺬوي ﻟﻼﻃﻔﺎل ﻓﻲ ﺳﻦ ﻣﺎ دون5 -2 ﻟﻠﻔﺌﺎت اﻟﻌﻤﺮﻳﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺠﻨﺴﻴﻦ للأطفال اللاثيوبين بعاصمة السودان الخرطوم 2019م. أﻋﺘﻤﺪت اﻟﺪراﺳﺔ ﻋﻠﻲ اﻟﻤﺼﺎدر اﻻوﻟﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺟﻤﻊ اﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎت ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪام اﻻﺳﺘﺒﻴﺎن اﻟﺬي اﺳﺘﻬﺪف 112 منزلا وﺗﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر224 ﻃﻔﻞ ﻋﺸﻮاﺋﻴًﺎ. ﺗﻢ ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ اﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎت ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪام ﻣﻘﺎﻳﻴﺲ اﻟﻄﻮل واﻟﻮزن واﻟﻌﻤﺮ ﺛﻢ اﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎل اﻻرﺗﺒﺎط ﻓﻲ اﻳﺠﺎد اﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔ ﺑﻴﻦ اﻟﻮزن ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﻟﻠﻄﻮل واﻟﻮزن ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﻟﻠﻌﻤﺮ واﻟﻄﻮل ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﻟﻠﻌﻤﺮ وﺑﻌﺾ اﻟﻌﻮاﻣﻞ اﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎدﻳﺔ واﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ واﻟﺼﺤﻴﺔ واﻻﺣﺘﻴﺎﺟﺎت اﻟﻐﺬاﺋﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﺆﺛﺮة ﻋﻠﻲ ﻧﻤﻮ اﻟﻄﻔﻞ باستحدام SPSS. أﻇﻬﺮت اﻟﺪراﺳﺔ ان وﺟﻮد ﺣﺎﻻت ﺳﻮء ﺗﻐﺬﻳﺔ ﺣﺎدة لللأطفال كانت التقزم وهي 4% و السبب الرئسي كان فقدان الشهية للطعام واعطاء حجم مكثف مرة واحدة باليوم وأما الهزال كانت نسبة ضعيفة وهي 0.4% وذﻟﻚ تم ﺑﻤﻘﺎرﻧﺔ ﻧﻘﺼﺎن اﻟﻮزن ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺴﺒﻪ ﻟﻠﻄﻮل (%0.4 حاد %1.8ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ , %97.8ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻰ) ؛ وﻧﻘﺼﺎن اﻟﻄﻮل ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺴﺒﻪ ﻟﻠﻌﻤﺮ ( %4حاد%8.5ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ , %87.5ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻰ) ؛ وﻧﻘﺼﺎن اﻟﻮزن ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺴﺒﻪ ﻟﻠﻌﻤﺮ(%حاد %1.8ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ ,ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻰ98.2%) وكذلك أظهرت النتيجة لمقياس الزاع للأطفال كالاتي(83.2%طبعي 15.2% على حظرو1.8% متوسط) . أوﺿﺤﺖ اﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ إﻟﻰ إن ﻣﺘﻐﻴﺮ اﻟﻄﻮل ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ إﻟﻰ اﻟﻌﻤﺮ و أن ﻣﺘﻐﻴﺮ اﻟﻮزن ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﻟﻠﻌﻤﺮ وﻣﺘﻐﻴﺮ اﻟﻄﻮل ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﻟﻠﻮزن ذو ﻋﻼﻗﺔ إﻳﺠﺎﺑﻴﺔ ﻣﻊ ﻣﺘﻐﻴﺮات العمر للأطفال فقط وليس هنالك أي علاقة مع وﻣﺴﺘﻮي ﺗﻌﻠﻴﻢ اﻷﻣﻬﺎت واﻟﺪﺧﻞ اليومي و ﻣﺘﻐﻴﺮات ﺣﺠﻢ اﻷﺳﺮة واﻟﺜﻘﺎﻓﺔ اﻟﺘﻐﺬوﻳﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﻟﻼم وذلك أن الأمهات يتبعن نظاما غذائيا تقلديا متشابها وﻣﺴﺘﻮي ﺗﻌﻠﻴﻢ اﻷﻣﻬﺎت كانت متقاربة 50% لم يكملن المرحلة الابتدائيةوهذا يدل أن درجة الأمية تغطي حجما كبيرا للأمهات الاثيوبية .وكانت أكثر الفيئة المصابة بسوء التغذية الحاد من العمر مابين 24-32شهر وكذلك كانت الاصابة في الذكور أكثر من الايناث مع أن الايناث أكثر من الذكور وأظهرت النتيجة أن الأغلبية98.2% يتمتعون بصيحة جيدة وذلك تم بمقارة مع معيار المنظمة الصحية العالمية للنمو.

Conflict and Revolution in the Horn of Africa: Somali Republic in Focus

This paper is typically focused on the issue of conflict and revolution in Somali. As an introduction it tries to explore the historical trajectories in Africa in general and Somali in particular. The paper narrates the development of Somali conflict since the early 1990s. The central emphasis is that what causes attract Somali in to these long ranged civil war and chaos. The paper argued that competition for power and resources, the colonial legacy and state repression were the long-term causes of the Somali conflict. It also deals with the adversarial relationship in the country which are the leading actors in the conflict; the roles that regional and international organizations as well as isolated sovereign states to mitigate the problem; interests of third parties in the conflict like USA, Ethiopia, Kenya, Eritrea and so on. Finally, the paper tried to present the probable future of Somalia from scholar’s point of view and expectations from Somali. Keywords: Somalia, Conflict, Revolution, Civil War DOI: 10.7176/IAGS/87-02 Publication date:October 31st 202