Investigation of Noise Field and Velocity Profiles of an Afterburning Engine

Sound pressure levels, frequency spectrum, and jet velocity profiles are presented for an engine-afterburner combination at various values of afterburner fuel - air ratio. At the high fuel-air ratios, severe low-frequency resonance was encountered which represented more than half the total energy in the sound spectrum. At similar thrust conditions, lower sound pressure levels were obtained from a current fighter air craft with a different afterburner configuration. The lower sound pressure levels are attributed to resonance-free afterburner operation and thereby indicate the importance of acoustic considerations in afterburner design

Primary aragonite and high-Mg calcite in the late Cambrian (Furongian) : Potential evidence from marine carbonates in Oman

Acknowledgements Fieldwork and sampling was funded by Petroleum Development Oman during S. Al Marjibis's Ph.D. Their help is gratefully acknowledged. We also thank colleagues at the University of Aberdeen, Julie Dougans (SUERC) for assisting with stable isotope analysis and Dr. Richard Hinton (EIMF) for assistance with ion microprobe analysis. Profs. Kiessling, Tucker, Bosence, Coleman, Dr. Dickson and an anonymous reviewer are thanked for their helpful and encouraging comments.Peer reviewedPostprin

La importancia del crecimiento interno y el bienestar comunitario en la evaluación educativa para la justicia social

During 2009, while undertaking a collaborative study with U.S.-based teachers, I witnessed academic violence in the form of a high-stakes examination. This manuscript distinguishes my experience with this assessment tool in a nearly all-black public high school from two extracurricular educational programs for African American youth: a Philadelphia Freedom School and the National Rites of Passage Institute. In both of the latter programs, students' inner growth and positive contributions to their surrounding communities, not just their performance on standardized external measures, indicated the programs' and students' success. I thus argue that educational evaluations for social justice must attend not only to academic achievement but also to the cultivation of a social fabric that alleviates human suffering and environmental degradation. Such evaluations can come from looking outward, at the observable and felt effects of our actions in the world, as well as inward, at the growth of our inner lives.No ano de 2009, nos Estados Unidos, enquanto apresentava indagações para a ação a um grupo de docência, presenciei um fato de violência acadêmica gerado pelo uso de exames padronizados que fomentam a exclusão. Este artigo destaca minha experiência com esse instrumento de avaliação no contexto de dois programas educativos extracurriculares dirigidos a jovens afro-americanos, a Philadelphia Freedom School e o National Rites of Passage Institute, em uma escola pública de ensino fundamental cuja maioria da população é negra e na qual um dos membros do meu grupo de trabalho é docente. Investiguei esses dois programas com o propósito de encontrar novas alternativas aos problemas causados pelos exames padronizados. Ao final, concluí que os dois programas avaliam o crescimento interno dos alunos e suas contribuições à comunidade, e não somente sua capacidade de responder a exames padronizados, o que significa que esses programas não estão reduzidos ao objetivo de comprovarem o próprio êxito e o dos estudantes. Fica claro, portanto, que a avaliação educativa para a justiça social deve atender não somente ao sucesso acadêmico dos alunos mas também a todo desenvolvimento social e pessoal que possa atenuar a dor humana e a degradação do meio ambiente. Esse tipo de avaliação pode originar-se de um olhar externo, ou seja, dos efeitos percebidos e observáveis de nossas ações no mundo, e de um olhar interno que recupere o crescimento de nossas próprias vidasEn el año 2009, mientras facilitaba un grupo de docencia sobre indagación para la acción en Estados Unidos, presencié un hecho de violencia académica generado por el uso de exámenes estandarizados que fomentan la exclusión. Este artículo destaca mi vivencia con este instrumento de evaluación en relación con dos programas educativos extracurriculares dirigidos a jóvenes afro-americanos, la Philadelphia Freedom School y el National Rites of Passage Institute, en una escuela secundaria pública de población mayoritariamente negra, en la que uno de los miembros de mi grupo de trabajo imparte docencia. Investigué estos dos programas con el propósito de buscar nuevas alternativas a los problemas causados por los exámenes estandarizados. Al final he encontrado que los dos programas evaluaban el crecimiento interno de los alumnos y sus contribuciones a la comunidad, y no sólo su capacidad por responder a exámenes estandarizados, con la idea de comprobar el éxito de estos programas y de los estudiantes. De esta manera, la evaluación educativa para la justicia social debe atender no solo al logro académico de los alumnos, sino también al desarrollo social y personal que pueda mitigar el dolor humano y la degradación del medio ambiente. Este tipo de evaluaciones podría originarse desde una mirada hacia afuera, es decir, de los efectos percibidos y observables de nuestras acciones en el mundo, así como también de una mirada interna que recupere el crecimiento interno de nuestras propias vidas

A importância do crescimento interno e o bem-estar comunitário na avaliação educativa para a justiça social

En el año 2009, mientras facilitaba un grupo de docencia sobre indagación para la acción en Estados Unidos, presencié un hecho de violencia académica generado por el uso de exámenes estandarizados que fomentan la exclusión. Este artículo destaca mi vivencia con este instrumento de evaluación en relación con dos programas educativos extracurriculares dirigidos a jóvenes afro-americanos, la Philadelphia Freedom School y el National Rites of Passage Institute, en una escuela secundaria pública de población mayoritariamente negra, en la que uno de los miembros de mi grupo de trabajo imparte docencia. Investigué estos dos programas con el propósito de buscar nuevas alternativas a los problemas causados por los exámenes estandarizados. Al final he encontrado que los dos programas evaluaban el crecimiento interno de los alumnos y sus contribuciones a la comunidad, y no sólo su capacidad por responder a exámenes estandarizados, con la idea de comprobar el éxito de estos programas y de los estudiantes. De esta manera, la evaluación educativa para la justicia social debe atender no solo al logro académico de los alumnos, sino también al desarrollo social y personal que pueda mitigar el dolor humano y la degradación del medio ambiente. Este tipo de evaluaciones podría originarse desde una mirada hacia afuera, es decir, de los efectos percibidos y observables de nuestras acciones en el mundo, así como también de una mirada interna que recupere el crecimiento interno de nuestras propias vida

Income Tax Consequences in the Administration of Decedents’ Estates

Post mortem decisions are an essential element in properly effectuating any estate plan. The client’s death does not terminate the opportunity for tax savings. Many testamentary dispositions, hopelessly inadequate from a tax standpoint, have been salvaged by prompt action after the testator’s death. Consider the typical situation: a widow elects to take the statutory share of her husband\u27s estate because the interest passing to her under the will is terminable and will not qualify for the marital deduction. This election has saved widows an untold number of federal estate tax dollars since 1948. However, obvious decisions in connection with inartfully drawn estate plans are not the subject of present concern; nor will any emphasis be placed on the Federal estate tax. It is the less obvious that deserves attention; namely, the Federal income tax implications of a skillfully planned estate

Corporate Distributions of Appreciated Property—A Comment on Policy

I. The Basic Change II. Policy Considerations … A. Minimizing the “Double Tax” … B. Preventing Conversion of Ordinary Income to Capital Gain III. Distribution of Inventory IV. Distributions of Depreciable Property V. Conclusio

Facebook Isn't Your Space Anymore: Discovery of Social Networking Websites

This is the published version

Corporate Distributions of Appreciated Property—A Comment on Policy

I. The Basic Change II. Policy Considerations … A. Minimizing the “Double Tax” … B. Preventing Conversion of Ordinary Income to Capital Gain III. Distribution of Inventory IV. Distributions of Depreciable Property V. Conclusio

Income Tax Consequences in the Administration of Decedents’ Estates

Post mortem decisions are an essential element in properly effectuating any estate plan. The client’s death does not terminate the opportunity for tax savings. Many testamentary dispositions, hopelessly inadequate from a tax standpoint, have been salvaged by prompt action after the testator’s death. Consider the typical situation: a widow elects to take the statutory share of her husband\u27s estate because the interest passing to her under the will is terminable and will not qualify for the marital deduction. This election has saved widows an untold number of federal estate tax dollars since 1948. However, obvious decisions in connection with inartfully drawn estate plans are not the subject of present concern; nor will any emphasis be placed on the Federal estate tax. It is the less obvious that deserves attention; namely, the Federal income tax implications of a skillfully planned estate