100 Questions and Answers

Booklet containing information on AIDS, preventing the spread of the disease, how to care for patients with AIDS, how to reduce the risk of AIDS, and other AIDS-related topics.https://digitalcommons.buffalostate.edu/hivaidsedu/1000/thumbnail.jp

Gay Men and STDs

Booklet discussing various sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) and STD prevention for gay men.https://digitalcommons.buffalostate.edu/hivaidsedu/1008/thumbnail.jp

Facts About Aids

Pamphlet containing information about AIDS and AIDS prevention.https://digitalcommons.buffalostate.edu/hivaidsedu/1009/thumbnail.jp

Working Effectively with Individuals who are HIV-Positive

This brochure is one of a series on human resources practices and workplace accommodations for persons with disabilities edited by Susanne M. Bruyère, Ph.D., CRC, Director, Employment and Disability Institute, Cornell University ILR School. This publication was written in 1994, updated in 2001 by a representative of the New York State Department of Health AIDS Institute and updated in February 2002 and May 2010 by Nellie J. Brown, M.S., CIH, Statewide Director, Workplace Health and Safety Program, New York State School of Industrial and Labor Relations, Cornell University

Maternal Low-Level Lead Exposure and Fetal Growth

Background Limited epidemiologic studies have examined the association between maternal low-level lead exposure [blood lead (PbB) \u3c 10 μg/dL] and fetal growth. Objective We examined whether maternal low-level lead exposure is associated with decreased fetal growth. Methods We linked New York State Heavy Metals Registry records of women who had PbB measurements with birth certificates to identify 43,288 mother–infant pairs in upstate New York in a retrospective cohort study from 2003 through 2005. We used multiple linear regression with fractional polynomials and logistic regression to relate birth weight, preterm delivery, and small for gestational age to PbB levels, adjusting for potential confounders. We used a closed-test procedure to identify the best fractional polynomials for PbB among 44 combinations. Results We found a statistically significant association between PbB (square root transformed) and birth weight. Relative to 0 μg/dL, PbBs of 5 and 10 μg/dL were associated with an average of 61-g and 87-g decrease in birth weight, respectively. The adjusted odds ratio for PbBs between 3.1 and 9.9 μg/dL (highest quartile) was 1.04 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.89–1.22] for preterm delivery and 1.07 (95% CI, 0.93–1.23) for small for gestational age, relative to PbBs ≤ 1 μg/dL (lowest quartile). No clear dose–response trends were evident when all of the quartiles were assessed. Conclusions Low-level PbB was associated with a small risk of decreased birth weight with a supralinear dose–response relationship, but was not related to preterm birth or small for gestational age. The results have important implications regarding maternal PbB

Diverging trends in smoking behaviours according to mental health status

Introduction: People with mental health disorders are much more likely to smoke compared to those who do not. This study investigates recent trends in smoking behaviors among both these populations in England. Methods: We used survey responses from adults (aged 16 years and older) living in households in England who participated in the Health Survey for England from 1993 to 2011 (n = 11,300 per year on average). Linear regression was used to quantify annual changes over the time period in smoking prevalence, daily cigarette consumption, and desire to quit among respondents with and without 2 indicators of mental disorder (self-reported longstanding mental illness and recent use of psychoactive medication). Results: Among survey respondents who did not report a longstanding mental illness, there were long-term declines in smoking prevalence (−0.48% per year, 95% confidence interval [CI] = −0.56 to −0.40) and daily cigarette consumption (−0.14% per year, 95% CI = −0.17 to −0.11). Similar declines were also seen among respondents not taking psychoactive medications. However, there were no long-term changes in smoking prevalence and cigarette consumption among respondents who reported these indicators of mental disorder, although smoking prevalence among those taking psychoactive medications may have declined during the later part of the study period. Smokers both with and without the 2 indicators of mental disorder showed similar levels of desire to quit smoking. Conclusions: Smoking is largely unchanged since 1993 among those with indicators of longstanding mental disorders or recent psychoactive medication usage, although declines have been observed among those without such indicators of mental disorder

Organ Donation and Utilization, 1995–2004: Entering the Collaborative Era

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/73741/1/j.1600-6143.2006.01269.x.pd

Completion of Advance Directives: Do Social Work Preadmission Interviews Make a Difference?

Objectives: This study tests the efficacy of a preadmission, educational interview on advance directives, in this case, health care proxies (HCPs) offered to elective, orthopedic patients. Method: Using a quasi-experimental design, participants (n = 54) are assigned to either treatment group (who received the educational interview, conducted by a social worker, over and above the federally mandated written information on HCPs) or comparison group (who received the written information only). Results: Logistic regression analysis indicates there is a statistically significantly higher probability that a patient would sign an HCP if assigned to the treatment group than if assigned to the comparison condition. Conclusion: Benefits of educating patients about HCPs as part of routine social work practice are outlined