Cooperative approach to a location problem with agglomeration economies

This paper considers agglomeration economies. A new firm is planning to open a plant in a country divided into several regions. Each firm receives a positive externality if the new plant is located in its region. In a decentralized mechanism, the plant would be opened in the region where the new firm maximizes its individual benefit. Due to the externalities, it could be the case that the aggregated utility of all firms is maximized in a different region. Thus, the firms in the optimal region could transfer something to the new firm in order to incentivize it to open the plant in that region. We propose two rules that provide two different schemes for transfers between firms already located in the country and the newcomer. The first is based on cooperative game theory. This rule coincides with the nucleolus and the t-value of the associated cooperative game. The second is defined directly. We provide axiomatic characterizations for both rules. We characterize the core of the cooperative game. We prove that both rules belong to the core

Cooperative approach to a location problem with agglomeration economies

This paper considers agglomeration economies. A new firm is planning to open a plant in a country divided into several regions. Each firm receives a positive externality if the new plant is located in its region. In a decentralized mechanism, the plant would be opened in the region where the new firm maximizes its individual benefit. Due to the externalities, it could be the case that the aggregate utility of all firms is maximized in a different region. Thus, the firms in the optimal region could transfer something to the new firm in order to incentivize it to open the plant in that region. We propose two rules that provide two different schemes for transfers between firms already located in the country and the newcomer. The first is based on cooperative game theory. This rule coincides with the $$\tau$$ τ -value, the nucleolus, and the per capita nucleolus of the associated cooperative game. The second is defined directly. We provide axiomatic characterizations for both rules. We characterize the core of the cooperative game. We prove that both rules belong to the core.Xunta de Galicia | Ref. GED431B 2019/34Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad, Gobierno de España | Ref. ECO2017-82241-RConsejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología | Ref. 438366Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad, Gobierno de España | Ref. PID2020-113440GB-I0

Crude and refined oils from Elaeis guineensis: Facile characterization by FTIR and thermal analysis techniques

From an industrial perspective, fast characterization of raw materials provides an important tool for preventing manufacturing problems and contributes to assure the quality of the final products. In this work, several fast, cheap, and simple methods (Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and various thermoanalytical techniques) were used for screening and characterization of crude and refined palm oils and other palm-derived products. The FTIR spectra allowed for ready distinction between mesocarp-derived products and those obtained from the kernel. The same applied to high-temperature differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and differential thermal analysis (DTA) thermograms and the low-temperature DSC curves, in which the peak values and the presence or absence of certain peaks also permitted to differentiate among the various oils and fractions. Correspondences of mesocarp-derived oils with olein and kernel-derived oils with stearin were confirmed by both analytical methods and from the crystallization study. The relationship between the triglyceride composition and the FTIR and thermal profiles of the various palm-derived products has potential to be utilized as a facile quality control method in mill plants and laboratories

Demo: 5G NR, Wi-Fi and LiFi multi-connectivity for Industry 4.0

The 5G-CLARITY project proposes a novel architecture for private 5G networks that converges Wi-Fi 6, 5G NR and LiFi under a common service platform for Industry 4.0. In this demonstration, we deploy the 5G-CLARITY system in a real factory setup and showcase its multi-connectivity framework, which allows to customize aggregation behavior for different devices. We demonstrate two different aggregation modes. First, a capacity aggregation mode that delivers between 200 Mbps and 600 Mbps to mobile devices throughout the factory floor. Second, a latency-sensitive aggregation mode that is used to replace Ethernet connectivity for a production line achieving endto-end delays below 10 ms

An example lignocellulosic waste reuse in two consecutive steps: sorption of contaminants and enzymatic hydrolysis

In this study, an example of the reuse and revalorization of lignocellulosic waste from carnauba palm (Copernicia prunifera) leaves, macauba palm (Acrocomia aculeata) endocarp (shell) and European stone pine (Pinus pinea) nut shell is presented for the first time. The physical-chemical adsorption of Rhodamine B (RhB) dye for the different materials is studied in detail, together with the thermodynamic feasibility and the spontaneous and endothermic nature of the biosorption process. Subsequently, the production of total reducing sugars (TRS) is compared by enzymatic hydrolysis (before and after the adsorption process of the RhB pollutant), confirming the viability of TRS production in all cases, with yields ranging from 65.9% for pine nut shell (after adsorption) to 74.9% for the carnauba endocarp and to 84.0% for carnauba leaves (before adsorption). Hence the use of lignocellulosic materials as adsorbents does not preclude their ulterior reuse for obtaining fermentable sugars by enzymatic hydrolysis

Rhodamine B removal with activated carbons obtained from lignocellulosic waste.

By-products from the wax production process from carnauba palm (leaves), from the extraction of oil from macauba seeds (endocarp) and from pine nut production (shell) have been assessed for activated carbon production, using H3PO4 or CaCl2 for their chemical activation. The resulting activated charcoals have been thoroughly characterized by elemental and thermal analysis, X-ray diffraction, infrared spectroscopy, electron scanning microscopy and N2 adsorption behavior. Subsequently, their adsorption capacity for the removal of rhodamine B (RhB) from aqueous solutions has been evaluated by studying different parameters: contact time, pH, adsorbent dose, initial dye concentration and solution temperature. The adsorption of RhB followed Freundlich's model in all cases. Kinetic studies indicate that the pseudo-second order model can be used for describing the dynamics of the adsorption process. Thermodynamic parameters have also been evaluated, indicating its endothermic and spontaneous nature. Finally, a preliminary analysis of the impact of cellulose content in the carbon precursor materials has been conducted, by using a mixture of native cellulose with one of the lignocellulosic materials

Screening for Prognostic microRNAs Associated with Treatment Failure in Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma

Diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) treatment with R-CHOP regimen produces 5-year progression-free survival and overall survival of around 60-70%. Our objective was to discover prognostic biomarkers allowing early detection of the remaining 30-40% with poor long-term outcome. For this purpose, we applied a novel strategy: from a cohort of DLBCL patients, treated with standard therapy, a discovery group of 12 patients with poor prognosis (advanced stage III-IV, R-IPI > 2) was formed, consisting of six chemoresistant (refractory/early relapse 3 years) subjects. By using microarray assays, the most differentially expressed miRNAs were defined as an initial set of prognostic miRNA candidates. Their expression was then analyzed in a validation cohort of 68 patients and the three miRNAs with the most significant impact on event-free and overall survival were selected. In the DLBCL cell line U-2932 the transfection with miR-1244 and miR-193b-5p, but not miR-1231, blocked the effect of CHOP on cell viability. A subsequent gene set enrichment analysis in patients revealed the implication of the first two miRNAs in cell cycle control and chemoresistance-related pathways, whereas the last one was involved in immunological processes. In conclusion, this novel strategy identified three promising prognostic markers for DLBCL patients at high risk of failure with standard therapy

Estructura del proyecto integrador como estrategia de enseñanza-aprendizaje para el área disciplinar-profesionalizante del programa académico de licenciatura en ciencias de la educación de la universidad autónoma de Nayarit

It has been discussed how important it is that curricula maintain a relevance adjusted to the needs that the social context demands. Issue that in Higher Education Institutions (IES), falls greater responsibility for the prompt presentation of their students who, as graduates, put into practice what they learned during their academic training. However, this becomes a challenge for the HEIs, in the first place, because it is necessary to train students not only in the defense of the theoretical but of the practice itself, as well as to train teachers to achieve it and meet what is socially requested. That is why this paper presents the proposed structure of the integrative project as evidence of learning and teaching resource, the result of a previous research study with a qualitative approach under a case study method, taking as population the academic program of Bachelor of Science in Education, Tepic campus of the Autonomous University of Nayarit, and taking as a sample teachers who participated in the selective areas of the thematic blocks of the 2012 curriculum of the aforementioned degree. For the structure of the integrative project, the methodology under projects and service learning was considered.Se ha discutido sobre lo importante que es que los planes de estudio mantengan una pertinencia ajustada a las necesidades que el contexto social reclama. Cuestión que en las Instituciones Educativas de nivel Superior (IES), recae mayor responsabilidad por la pronta presentación de sus estudiantes que, como egresados, ponen en práctica lo aprendido durante su formación académica. Sin embargo, esto se convierte en un reto paras las IES, en primera, porque se requiere formar a los estudiantes no sólo en la defensa de lo teórico sino de la práctica misma, así como también capacitar a los profesores para lograrlo y atender lo socialmente solicitado. Es por esto que en este trabajo se presenta la propuesta de estructura del proyecto integrador como evidencia de aprendizaje y recurso de enseñanza, resultado de un previo estudio de investigación con enfoque cualitativo bajo un método de estudio de caso, tomando como población el programa académico de Licenciatura en Ciencias de la Educación, campus Tepic de la Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, y teniendo como muestra a docentes que participaron en las áreas selectivas de los bloques temáticos del plan de estudios 2012 de la licenciatura mencionada. Para la estructura el proyecto integrador, se consideró la metodología bajo proyectos y aprendizaje servicio

Efficient microwave-assisted acid hydrolysis of lignocellulosic materials into total reducing sugars in ionic liquids

Different types of lignocellulosic materials (carnauba leaves, macauba shell and pine nut shell) and native cellulose have been studied for the production of total reducing sugars (TRS) through microwave-assisted acid-catalyzed hydrolysis in ionic liquids (ILs). Four reaction media have been assessed: two deep eutectic solvents (DES), choline chloride-oxalic acid (ChCl/ox) and choline chloride-urea (ChCl/urea), and two conventional ionic liquids, tetraethylammonium chloride (TEAC) and tetraethylammonium bromide (TEAB). Five acids (H2SO4, HCl, HNO3, H3PO4andp-toluensulfonic acid) have been evaluated in varying concentrations (5-30%) and time intervals (0-60 min), at different temperatures (100-140°C). Significant TRS production yields (as high as 83.7% in ChCl/ox for carnauba leaves) have been attained for both DES in combination with HNO3 10%, at 120°C for 30 min, with the additional advantage of low furfural and HMF by-products generation

Larger aggregates of mutant seipin in Celia's Encephalopathy, a new protein misfolding neurodegenerative disease

Celia's Encephalopathy (MIM #615924) is a recently discovered fatal neurodegenerative syndrome associated with a new BSCL2 mutation (c.985CNT) that results in an aberrant isoform of seipin (Celia seipin). This mutation is lethal in both homozygosity and compounded heterozygosity with a lipodystrophic BSCL2 mutation, resulting in a progressive encephalopathy with fatal outcomes at ages 6–8. Strikingly, heterozygous carriers are asymptomatic, conflicting with the gain of toxic function attributed to this mutation. Here we report new key insights about the molecular pathogenic mechanism of this new syndrome. Intranuclear inclusions containing mutant seipin were found in brain tissue from a homozygous patient suggesting a pathogenic mechanism similar to other neurodegenerative diseases featuring brain accumulation of aggregated, misfolded proteins. Sucrose gradient distribution showed that mutant seipin forms much larger aggregates as compared with wild type (wt) seipin, indicating an impaired oligomerization. On the other hand, the interaction between wt and Celia seipin confirmed by coimmunoprecipitation (CoIP) assays, together with the identification of mixed oligomers in sucrose gradient fractionation experiments can explain the lack of symptoms in heterozygous carriers. We propose that the increased aggregation and subsequent impaired oligomerization of Celia seipin leads to cell death. In heterozygous carriers, wt seipin might prevent the damage caused by mutant seipin through its sequestration into harmless mixed oligomers.S