Fishing and bottom water temperature as drivers of change in maximum shell length in Atlantic surfclams (Spisula solidissima)

Maximum shell length of Atlantic surfclams (Spisula solidissima) on the Middle Atlantic Bight (MAB) continental shelf, obtained from federal fishery survey data from 1982-present, has decreased by 15-20 mm. Two potential causes of this decreasing trend, fishery removal of large animals and stress due to warming bottom temperatures, were investigated using an individual-based model for post-settlement surfclams and a fifty-year hindcast of bottom water temperatures on the MAB. Simulations showed that fishing and/or warming bottom water temperature can cause decreases in maximum surfclam shell length (body size) equivalent to those observed in the fished stock. Independently, either localized fishing rates of 20% or sustained bottom temperatures that are 2 degrees C warmer than average conditions generate the observed decrease in maximum shell length. However, these independent conditions represent extremes and are not sustained in the MAB. The combined effects of fishing and warmer temperatures can generate simulated length decreases that are similar to observed decreases. Interannual variability in bottom water temperatures can also generate fluctuations in simulated shell length of up to 20 mm over a period of 10-15 years. If the change in maximum size is not genotypic, simulations also suggest that shell size composition of surfclam populations can recover if conditions change; however, that recovery could take a decade to become evident

Avaliação estrutural das opções existentes para implantação de mezaninos metálicos e sua influência na capacidade portante da estrutura de concreto existente

Projetos de reforço estrutural requerem um grande cuidado tanto dos projetistas quando dos executores, uma vez que ao fazê-lo, não se deve deteriorar a estrutura já existente, que estiver em boas condições. Neste estudo foram avaliadas as condições da estrutura de um local que, futuramente, seria a Casa de Diversões HOG CLUB, onde três mezaninos seriam instalados para aumentar a sua área útil. Em seguida. local e escolhida a melhor opção para a sua instalação. Enfim, o projeto estrutural dessa implantação foi realizado.Structural reinforcement projects require great care from the designers and from the executors, since by doing so, it should not damage the existing structure that is in good condition. This stu-dy has analyzed the conditions of the structure of a location that in the future would be the HOG CLUB Fun House, where three mezzanines would be installed to increase its service area. Then an evaluation of the influence of these mezzanines at the bearing capacity of the existing concrete structure was held, and the best option for its ins-tallation was chosen. Finally, the structural design of this deployment was made

Diásquise cerebelar cruzada – Diagnóstico pela Ressonância Magnética

A diásquise cerebelar cruzada (DCC) é caracterizada pela perda da atividade funcional e do metabolismo no cerebelo contralateral à lesão supratentorial.1,2,3,4 Este fenômeno foi usualmente observado em pacientes com infarto cerebral, tumores supratentoriais, epilepsia, encefalite, como resultado de ruptura da via cortico-ponto-cerebelar.1,2,3,4 A DCC é consistentemente relatada como resultado de inativação súbita do circuito, como acidente vascular cerebral (AVC), mas também pode ser encontrada em doenças crônicas, tumores cerebrais, infartos gânglio-capsulares, pequenos acidentes vasculares cerebrais, encefalite, epilepsia, enxaqueca, malformações arteriovenosas, hemorragia e doença de Alzheimer.2,3 Nas primeiras horas após o AVC, a diásquise é potencialmente reversível em caso de reperfusão supratentorial; no entanto, DCC persistente (mais de 24 horas) está associado a danos irreversíveis e mau resultado clínico.2 Este caso demonstra um homem de 60 anos com sequela de isquemia aguda à direita há dois anos, com fraqueza unilateral dos membros à esquerda. O exame neurológico demonstrou a língua desviada para a direita, desvio do ângulo da boca e sinal de Babinski positivo. A ressonância magnética que detectou uma diásquise cerebelar cruzada demonstrada pelo estudo perfusional ASL (arterial spin labeling) que utiliza o sangue magnetizado como contraste endógeno para avaliação do fluxo sanguíneo cerebral (CBF)

Cognition and functioning in bipolar depression

Objectives: Depressive symptoms are associated with worse outcomes in patients with bipolar disorder (BD). However, scarce data are available regarding neurocognitive profiles across different areas of functioning among BD patients with moderate and severe depression. Our objective was to assess cognition and global functioning in a group of patients with bipolar depression. Methods: Data were available for 100 patients with bipolar depression (78% female) and 70 controls (64% female) paired by age and education level. Cognitive function was assessed with a neuropsychological test battery. Functioning was assessed with the Functioning Assessment Short Test. Results: In patients, severe depression was associated with poorer cognitive performance on measures of executive function. Patients with severe depression showed worse global functioning than those with moderate depression (z = 2.54, p = 0.011). In patients with severe depression, lower global functioning was associated with lower scores in working memory (r = -0.200, p = 0.010), and executive function (r = -0.210, p = 0.007; and r = 0.293, p o 0.001). Conclusion: Our findings suggest cognitive impairment and global functioning impairment are associated with the severity of depressive symptoms in bipolar depression. Intensive treatment of depressive symptoms in patients with BD is crucial to improve cognitive functioning and, consequently, functional outcomes

AIDS incidence in Rio Grande do Sul in elderly from 1997 to 2017: an ecological study

Introduction: Rio Grande do Sul is among the Brazilian states with the highest percentage of elderly people, in addition, high rates of HIV / AIDS have been verified in the general population, however, there are few scientific investigations exploring this subject. Objective: To identify the annual incidence of AIDS diagnoses in the population aged 60 years or older residing in the state of Rio Grande do Sul (RS), Brazil, from 1997 to 2017 and also to compare the sex differences in infection rates. Method: Time series ecological study. Results: Between 1997 and 2017, 3,697 AIDS cases were reported in the elderly in RS. In the comparison between 1997 and 2017, the annual incidence of AIDS in the elderly in RS increased from 3.92 to 13.71 / 100,000 inhabitants, an increase of 249.93% (340.49% among men and 171.50%). among women). Conclusions: The percentage of AIDS diagnosed in the elderly in RS was six times higher than in the general population. This may be due to increased life expectancy and other factors related to the sexual behavior of the elderly, such as impotence medications and communication technologies

Anger and substance abuse : a systematic review and meta-analysis

Objective: Conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate levels of anger among substance users compared to non-user controls and to analyze the possible association between anger and psychoactive substance use (PSU). Methods: The procedures of this review followed the Meta-Analyzes of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (MOOSE) and Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and MetaAnalyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Four electronic databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, BIREME, PsycINFO) were searched. Results: Twelve studies were included in the meta-analysis; 10 used the State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory (STAXI) anger trait subscale and two used the Buss-Perry-Aggression Questionnaire (BPAQ) anger subscale. The sample included 2,294 users of psychoactive substances and 2,143 nonusers, all male. The mean difference in anger scale scores between users and non-users was 2.151 (95% CI 1.166-3.134, p p 0.00, inconsistency index [I2] = 98.83) standard deviations. Age and abstinence duration did not moderate the difference in anger between substance users and non-users. Conclusion: Users of psychoactive substances had elevated anger scores compared to non-users, which represents a high risk of relapse. It is suggested that PSU treatment programs include intensive anger management modules, focusing on factors such as dealing with daily stressors, family conflicts, frustrations, and problems

Educação em saúde acerca do processo de doação voluntária de sangue: relato de experiência / Health education about the voluntary blood donation process: experience report

A doação voluntária de sangue caracteriza-se como uma prática solidária, na qual o doador permite a retirada do seu próprio sangue para que possa ser utilizadado nas transfusões sanguíneas. Dito isso, torna-se necessário discutir aspectos relacionados à prática da doação voluntária de sangue com o público jovem objetivando a captação precoce e manutenção dos estoques de sangue e hemoderivados dos hemocentros. Objetivou-se relatar experiência de ação educativa acerca do processo de doação voluntária de sangue. Trata-se de estudo qualitativo, descritivo, do tipo relato de experiência da roda de conversa desenvolvida com 39 discentes de enfermagem, uma professora e dois coordenadores. O momento foi conduzido mediante o lançamento de perguntas norteadoras no decorrer da roda de conversa e logo após realizou-se visita técnica nos setores de hemoterapia. Os resultados foram apresentados de forma descritiva e discutidos perante a literatura científica. Ficou evidente que a roda de conversa propiciou a participação ativa dos discentes, ampliação dos conhecimentos, visibilidade à temática, (com)partilhamento de experiências. Diante disso, a realização da roda de conversa para discutir o assunto exposto com os estudantes de enfermagem, foi de suma importância pois além da construção do conhecimento foi possível contribuir  na formação acadêmica-profissional e no crescimento pessoal. Ademais, possibilitou perceber a necessidade do desenvolvimento de grupos educativos durante os cursos formativos visando a universalidade e integralidade do cuidado

Addition of orange, pineapple and beet juices as extenders for cryopreservation of ram semen

Searching for improvements in semen cryopreservation, natural substances are commonly studied focusing to improve the sperm quality. The aim of this study were evaluated the effect of adding orange, pineapple, and beet juices in different concentrations and combinations to the ram semen cryopreservation extender. Five ejaculates from five adult rams were used. The semen pool was diluted in egg yolk-based extender and mixed with the following 15 treatments (at a final concentration of 400.10⁶ sptz/mL): orange 10% (O10) and 15% (O15); pineapple 10% (P10) and 15% (P15); beet 10% (B10) and 15% (B15); pineapple + orange 10% (PO10) and 15% (PO15); pineapple + beet 10% (PB10) and 15% (PB15); beet + orange 10% (BO10) and 15% (BO15); pineapple + beet + orange 10% (PBO10) and 15% (PBO15); and the control group (CON). Post-thaw in 0.25 mL straws semen quality analysis of cryopreserved semen was performed by CASA and flow cytometry. Analysis of variance (PROC GLM) was carried out and the averages were compared using the SNK test. Pearson's correlation test was also performed. No effect was noted in the addition of juices to the semen extender prior to cryopreservation. Post-thawed, although, statistically similar to the control group, the total motility of the B10 group reached acceptable standards of total motility. In addition, B10 group showed the highest values (p<0.05) of progressive motility than control group or other treatments. The addition of 10% beet juice to the ram semen extender can improve the cryopreservation of sperm motility. Keywords: antioxidant; freezing; sperm; semen extender