Risk factors for CAR-T cell manufacturing failure among DLBCL patients: A nationwide survey in Japan

CAR-T細胞製造を成功させるためのレシピ --アフェレーシス前の下ごしらえでの工夫--. 京都大学プレスリリース. 2023-04-27.For successful chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cell therapy, CAR-T cells must be manufactured without failure caused by suboptimal expansion. In order to determine risk factors for CAR-T cell manufacturing failure, we performed a nationwide cohort study in Japan and analysed patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) who underwent tisagenlecleucel production. We compared clinical factors between 30 cases that failed (7.4%) with those that succeeded (n = 378). Among the failures, the proportion of patients previously treated with bendamustine (43.3% vs. 14.8%; p < 0.001) was significantly higher, and their platelet counts (12.0 vs. 17.0 × 10⁴/μL; p = 0.01) and CD4/CD8 T-cell ratio (0.30 vs. 0.56; p < 0.01) in peripheral blood at apheresis were significantly lower than in the successful group. Multivariate analysis revealed that repeated bendamustine use with short washout periods prior to apheresis (odds ratio [OR], 5.52; p = 0.013 for ≥6 cycles with washout period of 3–24 months; OR, 57.09; p = 0.005 for ≥3 cycles with washout period of <3 months), low platelet counts (OR, 0.495 per 105/μL; p = 0.022) or low CD4/CD8 ratios (<one third) (OR, 3.249; p = 0.011) in peripheral blood at apheresis increased the risk of manufacturing failure. Manufacturing failure remains an obstacle to CAR-T cell therapy for DLBCL patients. Avoiding risk factors, such as repeated bendamustine administration without sufficient washout, and risk-adapted strategies may help to optimize CAR-T cell therapy for DLBCL patients

ショク ノ タヨウセイ オ ツイキュウ スル

第13回日本機能性食品医用学会総会会長講

Microstructures and Thermoelectric Properties of Sintered Misfit-Layered Cobalt Oxide

Misfit-layered cobalt oxide Ca3Co4O9 is considered to be a prospective material for thermoelectric conversion. The thermoelectric properties are anisotropic owing to its anisotropic crystal structure. The crystal has preferred thermoelectric properties along the a-b plane. Therefore, the thermoelectric properties are improved and controlled by the degree of orientation of the sintered sample. In the present work, Sr-doped misfit cobalt oxide Ca2.7Sr0.3Co4O9 was prepared by solid-phase reaction, followed by uniaxial compression molding and sintering at 1173 K. The Seebeck coefficient α, electrical resistivity ρ, and dimensionless figure of merit ZT were measured as a function of the compression pressure applied in the uniaxial molding. α, ρ, and ZT as functions of the degree of orientation and the relative density are experimentally clarified and explained by calculations using the compound model

Hitomi (ASTRO-H) X-ray Astronomy Satellite

The Hitomi (ASTRO-H) mission is the sixth Japanese x-ray astronomy satellite developed by a large international collaboration, including Japan, USA, Canada, and Europe. The mission aimed to provide the highest energy resolution ever achieved at E  >  2  keV, using a microcalorimeter instrument, and to cover a wide energy range spanning four decades in energy from soft x-rays to gamma rays. After a successful launch on February 17, 2016, the spacecraft lost its function on March 26, 2016, but the commissioning phase for about a month provided valuable information on the onboard instruments and the spacecraft system, including astrophysical results obtained from first light observations. The paper describes the Hitomi (ASTRO-H) mission, its capabilities, the initial operation, and the instruments/spacecraft performances confirmed during the commissioning operations for about a month

Spinodal decomposition in a melt-spun Cu-15Ni-8Sn alloy

We investigate the spinodal decomposition process in a melt-spun Cu-15Ni-8Sn alloy using X-ray diffraction (XRD),transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and electron diffraction analyses. In the XRD measurements, an aging treatment of more than 300 min at 350 °C was required to obtain the (200) sidebands. TEM observations of the melt-spun samples aged at 350 °C for 40, 60, and 300 min showed a modulated structure with a wavelength too small to be detected by TEM and aging for about 1200 min was required for the clear appearance of a modulated structure. The electron diffraction patterns showed only the disordered fcc phase with no satellite structures in the sample aged for 20 min at 350 °C, which implied that no spinodal decomposition occurred. Aging for 40 min at 350 °C was required before the super-lattice reflection of DO 22 was observed. These experimental results indicate that the decomposition process in the melt-spun alloy was slow initially

Amon2 : A parallel wire routing algorithm on a torus network parallel computer.

This paper introduces a parallel global and detailed wire router for message passing parallel computers. A new cooperative relation between global and detailed routers is introduced to improve the successful routing ratio. The actual numbers of available tracks (capacity), which could be used to route the nets, are calculated during detailed routing to be used at global routing. 100 % successful routing ratio of MCM benchmarks has been obtained. This router consists of two phases with two different ways of grid assignment to decrease the communication cost. Each phase consists of cooperative global and detailed routing processes. The first phase is aimed for routing short nets using few messages. Remaining nets are routed in the second phase. In the first phase, we divide the routing area into square partitions and assign one partition to each processor. Then, we rotate these square partitions to route all short nets around the boundaries. In the second phase, the routing area is divid..

Amon: A parallel slice algorithm for wire routing.

In this paper a new parallel global and detailed wire routing algorithm called &quot;Amon&quot; is introduced. Both of them are done in parallel using different processor elements (PEs). We introduce a new way of dividing the multilayer grid into layers, and dividing layers into slices. Each PE, in the detailed routing, has a responsibility for one or more slice. This way of division obtains a high degree of parallelism. A new detailed routing algorithm which routes nets under the condition that these net paths do not prevent other nets from being routed later is also introduced. Amon gives high routing quality by using fewer vias and shorter wire length than the other algorithms. The results show that this algorithm obtains higher connection ratio than maze running algorithm. 1 Introduction Automated wire routing is to find a path between two or more network (net) pins and this path must not intersect with previous drawn paths. The basic problems of automated wire routing are the long computat..