Zooplankton biomass along the west coast of India and its effect on the fishery

The coastal zone along the west coast of India is very productive with a mean secondary production rate of 5.89 mg C/m super(3)/day. Statewise, maximum zooplankton standing stock was observed off Maharashtra. The existing yield of fishery from the surveyed region has been compared with the estimated sustainable fishery potential

Distribution and swarming of mysids in the nearshore waters off Bombay

Distribution and abundance of mysids were studied in the nearshore waters off Bombay along 3 transects located off Versova, off Mahim and Thana creek covering eleven stations during November 1979 to December 1980. Maximum population of mysids was recorded during the premonsoon period. Density of mysids was more in Versova than at Mahim and Thana transects. Tidal variation and pollution load influenced the distribution of mysids. Swarming of Mesopodopsis zeylanica was observed in Versova creek during April 1980

Seasonal variations in Secondary Production of the Mandovi-Zuari Estuarine System of Goa

7-9Mean rates of secondary production in the Mandovi, Zuari and Cumbarjua canal, Goa, India were 16.9, 35.9 and 32.4 mg C/m2/day respectively. The general hydrographic conditions of the Zuari were responsible for the higher secondary production. In general, the saline period was more productive (12.9 mg dry wt/m3/day) compared to the low saline period (11 mg dry wt/m3/day). The average secondary production in the estuarine system was 21.4 mg dry wt/m3/day or 1078 tonnes carbon/yr. The coefficient of energy transfer from primary to secondary level was 6.6%. Theoretical estimate of fish biomass in this estuarine system was 1007 tonnes/yr

Biological productivity and fishery potential in the coastal waters off Bombay

Fishery potential of the nearshore waters of Bombay is estimated from the observed values of biological productivity at different trophic levels. The rate of primary and secondary production is relatively higher in the polluted coastal waters of Versova, Mahim and Thana. Observed mean benthic standing stock in the polluted creek waters is far less than the relatively unpolluted coastal regions off Bombay. Results suggest that the higher productivity at the lower trophic levels due to pollution, may not end up with high tertiary production. Therefore, such polluted regions are to be classified as special ecosystems where the transfer coefficient may be far less than the assumed 10% conversion factor

The global, regional, and national burden of adult lip, oral, and pharyngeal cancer in 204 countries and territories:A systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

Importance Lip, oral, and pharyngeal cancers are important contributors to cancer burden worldwide, and a comprehensive evaluation of their burden globally, regionally, and nationally is crucial for effective policy planning.Objective To analyze the total and risk-attributable burden of lip and oral cavity cancer (LOC) and other pharyngeal cancer (OPC) for 204 countries and territories and by Socio-demographic Index (SDI) using 2019 Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors (GBD) Study estimates.Evidence Review The incidence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) due to LOC and OPC from 1990 to 2019 were estimated using GBD 2019 methods. The GBD 2019 comparative risk assessment framework was used to estimate the proportion of deaths and DALYs for LOC and OPC attributable to smoking, tobacco, and alcohol consumption in 2019.Findings In 2019, 370 000 (95% uncertainty interval [UI], 338 000-401 000) cases and 199 000 (95% UI, 181 000-217 000) deaths for LOC and 167 000 (95% UI, 153 000-180 000) cases and 114 000 (95% UI, 103 000-126 000) deaths for OPC were estimated to occur globally, contributing 5.5 million (95% UI, 5.0-6.0 million) and 3.2 million (95% UI, 2.9-3.6 million) DALYs, respectively. From 1990 to 2019, low-middle and low SDI regions consistently showed the highest age-standardized mortality rates due to LOC and OPC, while the high SDI strata exhibited age-standardized incidence rates decreasing for LOC and increasing for OPC. Globally in 2019, smoking had the greatest contribution to risk-attributable OPC deaths for both sexes (55.8% [95% UI, 49.2%-62.0%] of all OPC deaths in male individuals and 17.4% [95% UI, 13.8%-21.2%] of all OPC deaths in female individuals). Smoking and alcohol both contributed to substantial LOC deaths globally among male individuals (42.3% [95% UI, 35.2%-48.6%] and 40.2% [95% UI, 33.3%-46.8%] of all risk-attributable cancer deaths, respectively), while chewing tobacco contributed to the greatest attributable LOC deaths among female individuals (27.6% [95% UI, 21.5%-33.8%]), driven by high risk-attributable burden in South and Southeast Asia.Conclusions and Relevance In this systematic analysis, disparities in LOC and OPC burden existed across the SDI spectrum, and a considerable percentage of burden was attributable to tobacco and alcohol use. These estimates can contribute to an understanding of the distribution and disparities in LOC and OPC burden globally and support cancer control planning efforts

The global burden of cancer attributable to risk factors, 2010-19 : a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

Background Understanding the magnitude of cancer burden attributable to potentially modifiable risk factors is crucial for development of effective prevention and mitigation strategies. We analysed results from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019 to inform cancer control planning efforts globally. Methods The GBD 2019 comparative risk assessment framework was used to estimate cancer burden attributable to behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risk factors. A total of 82 risk-outcome pairs were included on the basis of the World Cancer Research Fund criteria. Estimated cancer deaths and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) in 2019 and change in these measures between 2010 and 2019 are presented. Findings Globally, in 2019, the risk factors included in this analysis accounted for 4.45 million (95% uncertainty interval 4.01-4.94) deaths and 105 million (95.0-116) DALYs for both sexes combined, representing 44.4% (41.3-48.4) of all cancer deaths and 42.0% (39.1-45.6) of all DALYs. There were 2.88 million (2.60-3.18) risk-attributable cancer deaths in males (50.6% [47.8-54.1] of all male cancer deaths) and 1.58 million (1.36-1.84) risk-attributable cancer deaths in females (36.3% [32.5-41.3] of all female cancer deaths). The leading risk factors at the most detailed level globally for risk-attributable cancer deaths and DALYs in 2019 for both sexes combined were smoking, followed by alcohol use and high BMI. Risk-attributable cancer burden varied by world region and Socio-demographic Index (SDI), with smoking, unsafe sex, and alcohol use being the three leading risk factors for risk-attributable cancer DALYs in low SDI locations in 2019, whereas DALYs in high SDI locations mirrored the top three global risk factor rankings. From 2010 to 2019, global risk-attributable cancer deaths increased by 20.4% (12.6-28.4) and DALYs by 16.8% (8.8-25.0), with the greatest percentage increase in metabolic risks (34.7% [27.9-42.8] and 33.3% [25.8-42.0]). Interpretation The leading risk factors contributing to global cancer burden in 2019 were behavioural, whereas metabolic risk factors saw the largest increases between 2010 and 2019. Reducing exposure to these modifiable risk factors would decrease cancer mortality and DALY rates worldwide, and policies should be tailored appropriately to local cancer risk factor burden. Copyright (C) 2022 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY 4.0 license.Peer reviewe

Bathymetric Distribution of Chaetognaths in the Indian Ocean

276-282Bathymetric distribution of chaetognaths in the Indian Ocean was studied based on stratified collections made on board of RV nton Bruun from 2000 m to the surface during her cruises I to VII. Among the 25 species recorded 16 were epiplanktonic, 6 mesoplanktonic and 3 bathyplanktonic. agitta enflata and S. ecipiens were the respective dominant species at the epiplanktonic and mesoplanktonic strata. ukrohnia fowleri dominated the bathyplanktonic realm of the northern Indian Ocean and was replaced by ukrohnia hamata in the subtropical waters. Maximum density of chaetognaths was confined to the 125-0 m water column. Species diversity gradually decreased from epiplanktonic to bathyplanktonic domain. Epiplanktonic species were confined mainly to the upper 200 m with limited ingression into the lower strata. rohnitta subtilis, agitta hexaptera and agitta minima were rare in the epiplanktonic realm of the north Indian Ocean and became common in that stratum towards the southern region. Species typical of southern Indian Ocean - agitta serratodentata and agitta tasmanica - were recorded up to 15 ° S lat. Most of the mesoplanktonic and bathyplanktonic species occupied their respective domain in the northern as well as central Indian Ocean and they emerged at the upper strata towards the subtropical convergence

Organic Carbon Content of Tropical Zooplankton

114-116In the Zuari and Mandovi estuaries variations in organic carbon of zooplankton are 26.4-38.8 and 24-39.9% of dry weight respectively. Maximum carbon content of estuarine zooplankton is observed in November. Organic carbon in nearshore and oceanic zooplankton is 34.5 and 41% of dry weight respectively. Variation in the carbon content of zooplankton is attributed to its composition. Diversity of zooplankton increases from estuarine to oceanic realm with a concomitant rise in the value of organic carbon. The average dry weight for 1 ml of nearshore and oceanic zooplankton is 61.9 and 81.7 mg respectively

Coincident Occurrence of <i>Sagitta enflata</i> (Chaetognatha) & <i>Cypridina dentate</i> (Crustacea: Ostracoda:Cypridinidae) Off Maharashtra Coast

304-306Coexistence of unusual congregations of the chaetognath Sagitta enflata and the ostracod Cypridina dentata was observed in the zooplankton off the Maharashtra coast between 17 ° 20' to 19 ° 14'N and 72 ° 21' to 72 ° 56'E during the 12th cruise of RV Gaveshani in the west coast of India. They contributed 54 to 80% of the total biomass. Oceanic associations of plankton species usually exhibited high diversity and the coincident occurrence of 2 swarms of the distinct species was rare. Such dense concentrations of a few species may be considered as population explosions resulting in a situation referable to a 'monotone' plankton

Counts of Mysidacea species collected during the International Indian Ocean Expeditions (IIOE) aboard multiple cruises in the Indian Ocean from 1962-1965 (IIOE project)

Dataset: iioe_mysidsCounts of Mysidacea species collected during the International Indian Ocean Expeditions (IIOE) in the Indian Ocean. Mysidacea were collected by several ships that took part in the IIOE from 1962 to 1965. Though collections were taken from all over the Indian Ocean, the bulk of the material comes from the seas around the Indian Peninsula. For a complete list of measurements, refer to the full dataset description in the supplemental file 'Dataset_description.pdf'. The most current version of this dataset is available at: https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/381