Bevacizumab Diminishes Inflammation in an Acute Endotoxin-Induced Uveitis Model

Introduction: Uveitis is an eye disease characterized by inflammation of the uvea and an early and exhaustive diagnosis is essential for its treatment. The aim of our study is to assess the potential toxicity and anti-inflammatory efficacy of Bevacizumab in an experimental uveitis model by subcutaneously injecting lipopolysaccharide into Lewis rats and to clarify its mechanism.Material and Methods: Blood–aqueous barrier integrity was assessed 24 h after endotoxin-induced uveitis (EIU) by analyzing two parameters: cell count and protein concentration in aqueous humors. Histopathology of all eye structures was also studied. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent analyses of the aqueous humor samples were performed in order to calculate the diverse chemokine and cytokine protein levels and oxidative stress-related markers were also evaluated.Results: The aqueous humor’s cellular content significantly increased in the group treated with only Bevacizumab, but it had no effect on retina histopathological grading. Nevertheless, the inflammation noted in ocular structures when administering Bevacizumab with endotoxin was mostly prevented since aqueous humor cell content considerably lowered, and concomitantly with a sharp drop in uveal, vitreous, and retina histopathological grading. The values of the multi-faceted cytokine IL-2 also significantly decreased (p < 0.05 vs. endotoxin group), and the protective IL-6 and IL-10 cytokines values rose with related anti-oxidant system recovery (p < 0.05 vs. endotoxin group). Concurrently, some related M1 macrophage chemokines substantially increased, e.g., GRO/KC, a chemokine that also displays any kind of protective role.Conclusion: All these results revealed that 24 h after being administered, Bevacizumab treatment in EIU significantly prevented inflammation in various eye structures and correct results in efficacy vs. toxicity balance were obtained

Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

Funder: European Society of Intensive Care Medicine; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100013347Funder: Flemish Society for Critical Care NursesAbstract: Purpose: Intensive care unit (ICU) patients are particularly susceptible to developing pressure injuries. Epidemiologic data is however unavailable. We aimed to provide an international picture of the extent of pressure injuries and factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries in adult ICU patients. Methods: International 1-day point-prevalence study; follow-up for outcome assessment until hospital discharge (maximum 12 weeks). Factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injury and hospital mortality were assessed by generalised linear mixed-effects regression analysis. Results: Data from 13,254 patients in 1117 ICUs (90 countries) revealed 6747 pressure injuries; 3997 (59.2%) were ICU-acquired. Overall prevalence was 26.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] 25.9–27.3). ICU-acquired prevalence was 16.2% (95% CI 15.6–16.8). Sacrum (37%) and heels (19.5%) were most affected. Factors independently associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries were older age, male sex, being underweight, emergency surgery, higher Simplified Acute Physiology Score II, Braden score 3 days, comorbidities (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, immunodeficiency), organ support (renal replacement, mechanical ventilation on ICU admission), and being in a low or lower-middle income-economy. Gradually increasing associations with mortality were identified for increasing severity of pressure injury: stage I (odds ratio [OR] 1.5; 95% CI 1.2–1.8), stage II (OR 1.6; 95% CI 1.4–1.9), and stage III or worse (OR 2.8; 95% CI 2.3–3.3). Conclusion: Pressure injuries are common in adult ICU patients. ICU-acquired pressure injuries are associated with mainly intrinsic factors and mortality. Optimal care standards, increased awareness, appropriate resource allocation, and further research into optimal prevention are pivotal to tackle this important patient safety threat

Correction to: Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

The original version of this article unfortunately contained a mistake

Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

Funder: European Society of Intensive Care Medicine; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100013347Funder: Flemish Society for Critical Care NursesAbstract: Purpose: Intensive care unit (ICU) patients are particularly susceptible to developing pressure injuries. Epidemiologic data is however unavailable. We aimed to provide an international picture of the extent of pressure injuries and factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries in adult ICU patients. Methods: International 1-day point-prevalence study; follow-up for outcome assessment until hospital discharge (maximum 12 weeks). Factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injury and hospital mortality were assessed by generalised linear mixed-effects regression analysis. Results: Data from 13,254 patients in 1117 ICUs (90 countries) revealed 6747 pressure injuries; 3997 (59.2%) were ICU-acquired. Overall prevalence was 26.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] 25.9–27.3). ICU-acquired prevalence was 16.2% (95% CI 15.6–16.8). Sacrum (37%) and heels (19.5%) were most affected. Factors independently associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries were older age, male sex, being underweight, emergency surgery, higher Simplified Acute Physiology Score II, Braden score 3 days, comorbidities (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, immunodeficiency), organ support (renal replacement, mechanical ventilation on ICU admission), and being in a low or lower-middle income-economy. Gradually increasing associations with mortality were identified for increasing severity of pressure injury: stage I (odds ratio [OR] 1.5; 95% CI 1.2–1.8), stage II (OR 1.6; 95% CI 1.4–1.9), and stage III or worse (OR 2.8; 95% CI 2.3–3.3). Conclusion: Pressure injuries are common in adult ICU patients. ICU-acquired pressure injuries are associated with mainly intrinsic factors and mortality. Optimal care standards, increased awareness, appropriate resource allocation, and further research into optimal prevention are pivotal to tackle this important patient safety threat

Comparación entre el efecto de la dieta cetogénica y la dieta alta en hidratos de carbono en el aumento de la masa y la fuerza muscular

Scientific evidence shows the importance of nutrition in muscle hypertrophy, especially with the aim of achieving a positive energy balance between food intake and energy consumption, as long as there is always a suitable protein intake. Several studies show that the combination of exercise against resistance with excessive energy consumption produces gains in lean body mass. However, the exact amount of all macronutrients is not clear. 10 men with more than 2 years of experience in systematic strength training were divided into 2 groups of 5 subjects, one group submitted to a ketogenic diet and the other to a diet with a high percentage of carbohydrates, both groups for 8 weeks. Both diets produced a significant increase in muscle mass percentage and 1MR bench press and squat. This increase was more prominent in the carbohydrate-rich diet. In addition, the ketogenic diet stood out for the significant decrease in fat percentage and fat weight. Therefore, both diets would be indicated for people who want to improve their muscle mass and strength by performing hypertrophy training. However, if the aim is good physical appearance, the ketogenic diet could be more effective, as opposed to strength improvement, to which a diet rich in carbohydrates would be more suitable.La evidencia científica muestra la importancia de la nutrición en la hipertrofia muscular, especialmente con el objetivo de lograr un balance energético positivo entre la ingesta alimentaria y el consumo de energía, siempre y cuando haya una buena ingesta de proteínas. Diversos estudios demuestran que la combinación de ejercicio contra resistencia con un sobreaporte energético produce ganancias en la masa corporal magra. Sin embargo, no está clara la cantidad exacta de todos los macronutrientes. 10 varones con más de 2 años de experiencia en entrenamiento sistemático de la fuerza, fueron divididos en 2 grupos de 5 sujetos, un grupo sometido a dieta cetogénica y el otro a una dieta con alto porcentaje de carbohidratos, y los dos durante 8 semanas. Ambas dietas produjeron un aumento significativo en el porcentaje de masa muscular y en el 1RM de press banca y sentadilla, siendo este aumento más destacado en la dieta rica en carbohidratos. Además, la dieta cetogénica destacó por la disminución significativa del porcentaje de grasa y de peso graso. Por tanto, ambas dietas estarían indicadas para personas que quieren mejorar su masa muscular y fuerza llevando a cabo entrenamiento de hipertrofia. Sin embargo, si se busca más fines estéticos, la dieta cetogénica podría aportar algo más de resultados, y si hay un objetivo más de mejora de la fuerza, sería más recomendable una dieta rica en hidratos de carbono

Prevalencia del síndrome de Phelan-Mcdermid en españa

Background: Phelan-McDermid syndrome is a rare genetic condition caused by a deletion of the terminal end of chromosome 22 in the 13.3 region, as well as, by point mutations within SHANK3 gene. The aims of this research were to determine the prevalence of the disease in the Spanish population, to establish the geographical distribution of the syndrome among the different autonomous communities, to elucidate the age range that affects more patients, to study the disease-sex relationship, as well as the age at diagnosis. Methods: For the research, patients diagnosed with the disease for twelve years were recruited throughout the Spanish territory. The clinical patient information was obtained from the referral doctors using two standardized questionnaires completed with data from the medical reports and the interview with the parents. The molecular diagnosis of the disease was carried out using different formats of microarrays. Data were processed using Microsoft Excel and Statgraphics Centurion XVII. Results: Currently in Spain there are 201 people diagnosed with the disease. Currently in Spain there are 201 people diagnosed with the disease, its prevalence being 4x10-4/10,000 inhabitants. The community with the most diagnosed patients was Madrid and there were no significant differences in terms of sex and disease, the mean age at diagnosis was around 6.67 years. Conclusions: The prevalence of the disease in Spain is very low, and it can be stated that it is very likely that there are more people with this syndrome in the population.Fundamentos: El Síndrome de Phelan-McDermid es una enfermedad poco frecuente de origen genético causada por la deleción del extremo terminal del cromosoma 22 región q13.3 o por mutaciones puntuales que afectan al gen SHANK3. Los objetivos de este trabajo fueron determinar la prevalencia de la enfermedad en la población española, establecer la distribución geográfica del síndrome entre las distintas comunidades autónomas, dilucidar el rango de edad en el que existen más pacientes y estudiar la relación enfermedad-sexo así como la edad media al diagnóstico. Métodos: Para la investigación se reclutaron pacientes diagnósticados con la enfermedad durante doce años en todo el territorio español. La información clínica de los pacientes se obtuvo de los médicos de referencia mediante dos cuestionarios estandarizados completados con datos de los informes médicos y la entrevista a los padres. El diagnóstico molecular de la enfermedad se realizó utilizando diferentes formatos de microarrays. Los datos se trataron utilizando Microsoft Excel y Statgraphics Centurion XVII. Resultados: Actualmente en España existen 201 personas diagnosticadas con la enfermedad siendo su prevalencia de 4x10-4/10.000 habitantes. La comunidad con más pacientes diagnosticados fue Madrid y no hubo diferencias significativas en cuanto al sexo y la enfermedad, la edad media al diagnóstico se sitúa en torno a los 6,67 años. Conclusiones: La prevalencia de la enfermedad en España es muy baja pudiéndose afirmar que es muy probable que en la población existan más personas con este síndrome

Antioxidant capacity of 5-Fluorouracile and new fluorinated uracil derivates

Oxidative stress is associated with multiple pathologies such as cancer and can exacerbate the development of them. In this work, we have studied the antioxidant capacity of 5-Fluorouracile (5-FU) which is an antineoplastic drug that is used in the treatment of colorectal cancer. 5-FU is a compound that has a chemical structure similar to uracil and is also fluorinated. New fluorinated derivates previously obtained in our laboratory were tested to study its antioxidant activity. All the compounds analyzed were able to inhibit lipid peroxidation when used in concentrations of 10 µM.El estrés oxidativo está asociado a múltiples patologías, como el cáncer, y puede agravar el desarrollo de estas. En este trabajo hemos estudiado la capacidad antioxidante del 5-fluorouracilo (5-FU), que es un fármaco antineoplásico que se utiliza en el tratamiento del cáncer colorrectal. El 5-FU es un compuesto que tiene una estructura química similar al uracilo y además está fluorado. Nuevos derivados uracilofluorados que se habían obtenido previamente en nuestro laboratorio fueron testados para estudiar su actividad antioxidante. Todos los compuestos analizados fueron capaces de inhibir la peroxidación lipídica cuando se utilizaron a concentraciones de 10 µM

Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

Funder: European Society of Intensive Care Medicine; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100013347Funder: Flemish Society for Critical Care NursesAbstract: Purpose: Intensive care unit (ICU) patients are particularly susceptible to developing pressure injuries. Epidemiologic data is however unavailable. We aimed to provide an international picture of the extent of pressure injuries and factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries in adult ICU patients. Methods: International 1-day point-prevalence study; follow-up for outcome assessment until hospital discharge (maximum 12 weeks). Factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injury and hospital mortality were assessed by generalised linear mixed-effects regression analysis. Results: Data from 13,254 patients in 1117 ICUs (90 countries) revealed 6747 pressure injuries; 3997 (59.2%) were ICU-acquired. Overall prevalence was 26.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] 25.9–27.3). ICU-acquired prevalence was 16.2% (95% CI 15.6–16.8). Sacrum (37%) and heels (19.5%) were most affected. Factors independently associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries were older age, male sex, being underweight, emergency surgery, higher Simplified Acute Physiology Score II, Braden score 3 days, comorbidities (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, immunodeficiency), organ support (renal replacement, mechanical ventilation on ICU admission), and being in a low or lower-middle income-economy. Gradually increasing associations with mortality were identified for increasing severity of pressure injury: stage I (odds ratio [OR] 1.5; 95% CI 1.2–1.8), stage II (OR 1.6; 95% CI 1.4–1.9), and stage III or worse (OR 2.8; 95% CI 2.3–3.3). Conclusion: Pressure injuries are common in adult ICU patients. ICU-acquired pressure injuries are associated with mainly intrinsic factors and mortality. Optimal care standards, increased awareness, appropriate resource allocation, and further research into optimal prevention are pivotal to tackle this important patient safety threat

Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

Funder: European Society of Intensive Care Medicine; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100013347Funder: Flemish Society for Critical Care NursesAbstract: Purpose: Intensive care unit (ICU) patients are particularly susceptible to developing pressure injuries. Epidemiologic data is however unavailable. We aimed to provide an international picture of the extent of pressure injuries and factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries in adult ICU patients. Methods: International 1-day point-prevalence study; follow-up for outcome assessment until hospital discharge (maximum 12 weeks). Factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injury and hospital mortality were assessed by generalised linear mixed-effects regression analysis. Results: Data from 13,254 patients in 1117 ICUs (90 countries) revealed 6747 pressure injuries; 3997 (59.2%) were ICU-acquired. Overall prevalence was 26.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] 25.9–27.3). ICU-acquired prevalence was 16.2% (95% CI 15.6–16.8). Sacrum (37%) and heels (19.5%) were most affected. Factors independently associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries were older age, male sex, being underweight, emergency surgery, higher Simplified Acute Physiology Score II, Braden score 3 days, comorbidities (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, immunodeficiency), organ support (renal replacement, mechanical ventilation on ICU admission), and being in a low or lower-middle income-economy. Gradually increasing associations with mortality were identified for increasing severity of pressure injury: stage I (odds ratio [OR] 1.5; 95% CI 1.2–1.8), stage II (OR 1.6; 95% CI 1.4–1.9), and stage III or worse (OR 2.8; 95% CI 2.3–3.3). Conclusion: Pressure injuries are common in adult ICU patients. ICU-acquired pressure injuries are associated with mainly intrinsic factors and mortality. Optimal care standards, increased awareness, appropriate resource allocation, and further research into optimal prevention are pivotal to tackle this important patient safety threat

Correction to: Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study (Intensive Care Medicine, (2021), 47, 2, (160-169), 10.1007/s00134-020-06234-9)

The original version of this article unfortunately contained a mistake. The members of the ESICM Trials Group Collaborators were not shown in the article but only in the ESM. The full list of collaborators is shown below. The original article has been corrected