La Imagen de España en el grabado español del siglo XVIII: Frontispicio de la «Clave Historial. .. » del Padre Enrique Flórez

Taking as their starting point the allegory of Spain which appcars as the frontispiece of Clave Historial con que se abre la puerta a la Historia Ecclesiástica y Política (A historical key to church history and politics) published by Father Enrique Flórez in Madrid in 1780, the authors analyse the different iconographical images or representations of Spain from the end of the 16th century. Special attention is paid to sheet engravings, and also to sorne pictorial and sculptural examples.El trabajo analiza - partiendo de la alegoría de España que aparece en la portada del libro del Padre Enrique Flórez: Clave Historial con q11e se abre la p11erta a la Historia Eclesiástica y Política ... Madrid, 1780- los diferentes tipos iconográficos o imágenes de España desde finales del siglo XVI, centrándose fundamentalmente en el grabado de láminas, sin olvidar algunos ejemplos pictóricos y plásticos

La Rendición de Breda de Velázquez y sus fuentes de inspiración en el grabado del siglo XVI

This paper aims to analyse the connections between Velázquez 's The Surrender of Breda, also known as The lances, and a series of engravings in wood grain, stranding or fibre, which illustrate a Venetian Bible of 1584.En este trabajo se pretende relacionar la célebre pintura de Diego Velázquez la Rendición de Breda, conocida también como las lanzas, con una serie de entalladuras en madera al hilo, a la hebra o a la fibra, que ilustran una Biblia veneciana de 1584

Relationship between sandstone composition and provenance. Examples from Palaeozoic sandstones of the Southportuguese Zone

Two different types of Upper Paleozoic sandstones from Southportuguese Zone are studied. Data coming from petrographic, sedimentological and regional analyses of the sandstones point to two different anomalies in relation with Dickinson and et al.’s provenance model. Discrimination between modal analysis and petrographic study of arenites is noted, as well as discrimination between source and tectonic setting of the provenance are

Palynological age constraint of Les Vilelles unit, Catalan Coastal Chain, Spain

Les Vilelles unit is a detrital sequence exposed at the southwestern margin of the Catalan Coastal Chain (CCC), NE Spain, below the Carboniferous turbiditic series. Based on the palynological content, the age of this unit was initially assigned to the Middle-Late Devonian (Eifelian to Famennian). Additional radiolarian and conodont findings were considered to be Early-Middle Mississippian (Tournaisian to early Visean). To clarify this age discrepancy a new and more comprehensive palynostratigraphic analysis has been conducted in the upper part of the section representative of Les Vilelles unit. This has provided an assemblage of miospores, acritarchs, prasinophyta phycomata and chitinozoans that can be confidently assigned to a latest Frasnian interval, in contact with the Frasnian-Famennian boundary. Therefore, the present analysis refines the Middle-Late Devonian age formerly assigned, establishes a latest Frasnian age for the top of the unit, and provides new insights to the better understanding of the unconformity and hiatus separating the pre-Carboniferous and Carboniferous CCC series in the Priorat Massif. The study also includes a systematic section with the description of three newly established miospore species: Dibolisporites coniugatum, Dibolisporites prioratum and Rugospora spinosa

Palynological age constraint of Les Vilelles unit, Catalan Coastal Chain, Spain

Les Vilelles unit is a detrital sequence exposed at the southwestern margin of the Catalan Coastal Chain (CCC), NE Spain, below the Carboniferous turbiditic series. Based on the palynological content, the age of this unit was initially assigned to the Middle-Late Devonian (Eifelian to Famennian). Additional radiolarian and conodont findings were considered to be Early–Middle Mississippian (Tournaisian to early Visean). To clarify this age discrepancy a new and more comprehensive palynostratigraphic analysis has been conducted in the upper part of the section representative of Les Vilelles unit. This has provided an assemblage of miospores, acritarchs, prasinophyta phycomata and chitinozoans that can be confidently assigned to a latest Frasnian interval, in contact with the Frasnian–Famennian boundary. Therefore, the present analysis refines the Middle–Late Devonian age formerly assigned, establishes a latest Frasnian age for the top of the unit, and provides new insights to the better understanding of the unconformity and hiatus separating the pre-Carboniferous and Carboniferous CCC series in the Priorat Massif. The study also includes a systematic section with the description of three newly established miospore species: Dibolisporites coniugatum, Dibolisporites prioratum and Rugospora spinosa.This research was funded by the CICYT (Spain) Research Project CGL2011-30011, the Research Group THARSIS RNM 198-PAI (Junta de Andalucía) and the Consolidated Research Group SGR444 (Generalitat de Catalunya

Clastic dykes of the Filón Norte open pit (Tharsis). Interpretation related with the uppermost Devonian crisis of the Iberian Pyrite Belt basin

Basic rocks from the Filón Norte open pit (Tharsis, Iberian Pyrite Belt) are hydrothermally altered and crosscutted by a stockwork which is composed by carbonate filled veins and clastic dikes. Both, dykes and veins, show carbnonate selvages. Clastic dykes include black shale, basic rock and siliceous fragments that exhibit angular to lobulate shape and grain size up to 40 cm in diameter. Palynomorphs recovered from black shales of the clastic dykes give an uppermost Devonian age (LN Biozone). Dykes and veins belong to a fracture system representing the escape pathways of fluids trapped within the footwall muddy sediments when the basic sill was intruded. Black shale sedimentation, emplacement of the basic sills, fracturation and carbonate alteration, and filling of veins and dykes constitute a succession of nearly coeval events, all of them related with the uppermost Devonian crisis of the South Iberian Basin

The influence of puberty on vitamin D status in obese children and the possible relation between vitamin D deficiency and insulin resistance

Background: Puberty can affect vitamin D levels. Objectives: The goal of this study was to analyze the relation between vitamin D deficiency and puberty in obese Spanish children, along with the possible interrelation between vitamin D status and degree of insulin resistance. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out, in which clinical and biochemical data were gathered from 120 obese and 50 normal weight children between January 2011 and January 2013. Results: Mean vitamin D levels were 19.5 and 31.6 ng/mL in obese pubertal and obese prepubertal children, respectively. About 75% of the obese pubertal subjects and 46% of the obese prepubertal subjects had vitamin D deficiency. Vitamin D levels were significantly lower in pubescent subjects compared with pre-pubescent subjects in summer, fall, and winter. There was no apparent relation between vitamin D levels and homeostasis model assessment index for insulin resistence (expressed in standard deviation score for sex and Tanner stage) in either puberty or pre-puberty. Conclusion: Puberty may be a risk factor for the vitamin D deficiency commonly found in the obese child population. This deficiency is not associated with higher insulin resistance in obese pubertal children compared with obese prepubertal childre

Retroalimentación docencia-asistencia-docencia: estudio sobre burnout en enfermeras de salud mental como estrategia de innovación y calidad docente

El síndrome de burnout se considera una vulnerabilidad en las profesiones de ayuda. La escasez de publicaciones sobre esta formación, orientó la creación de una asignatura optativa en el Grado de Enfermería de la Universidad de Barcelona (UB) en el curso 2009-2010. Igualmente, produjo interés por explorar esta temática en enfermeras asistenciales de salud mental cuya disciplina aborda la gestión del estrés. Se presenta un estudio descriptivo, transversal y de correlación, en una cohorte de 73 enfermeras que trabajaban en servicios asistenciales de salud mental en el año 2011. Los objetivos pretenden identificar si la muestra estudiada presenta afectación del síndrome de burnout y relacionar los resultados con las estrategias que dichas enfermeras declaran utilizar para hacer frente a las emociones negativas atribuidas a su trabajo. El instrumento empleado es el Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), una pregunta abierta y variables sociodemográficas y de salud. Los resultados indican que presentó burnout el 2,7% de la muestra estudiada junto con un nivel medio de despersonalización. Además presentan baja realización personal quienes trabajaban en unidades de enfermos crónicos. El cansancio emocional resulto mayor en mujeres que en hombres y esta presente en personal con contrato fijo y en quienes causaron baja en los dos últimos años. En general, se observa falta de formación y apoyo formal para gestionar el estrés en la muestra estudiada. Se concluye que la formación sobre burnout en el Grado de Enfermería, podría favorecer la gestión del estrés y prevenir su cronicidad hacia la desmotivación y el absentismo laboral

Reporting Bichromatic Segment Intersections from Point Sets

In this paper, we introduce a natural variation of the problem of computing all bichromatic intersections between two sets of segments. Given two sets R and B of n points in the plane defining two sets of segments, say red and blue, we present an O(n2) time and space algorithm for solving the problem of reporting the set of segments of each color intersected by segments of the other color. We also prove that this problem is 3-Sum hard and provide some illustrative examples of several point configurations