Production of bioethanol and enzyme activities by a white-rot fungus on lignocelluloses under variant cultivation atmospheres

In this research, lignocellulose decomposition and bioethanol production potentiality of the white rot fungus Phlebia radiata 79 was studied at different atmospheric conditions on several solid substrate mixtures containing spent brewery barley mash (SBBM), barley straw, spruce wood sawdust, and birch wood sawdust. The fungus was capable of growing on all substrate mixtures, subsequently converting them into fermentable sugars like glucose, producing various primary metabolites involving ethanol, acetate, and glycerol. Ethanol accumulation was always dominant under nitrogen flushed anaerobic conditions as well as semi-aerobic conditions. The highest concentration of ethanol accumulated on the second week of cultivation on all solid substrate mixtures. Under anaerobic conditions, the detected amount of ethanol was 88 mmol/l, 87 mmol/l, and 108 mmol/l, after two weeks of cultivation of the fungus on lignocellulose substrates containing SBBM mixed with barley straw, spruce wood sawdust, or birch wood sawdust, respectively. Under semi-aerobic conditions, corresponding concentrations of ethanol - 90 mmol/l, 61 mmol/l, and 105 mmol/l - accumulated in the cultures after two weeks of cultivation on the same substrate mixtures, respectively. Under aerobic conditions, only small amounts of ethanol were detected during the first two weeks of cultivation. Another part of the study was to establish an enzyme assay method for pectin degradation and conversion, in order to measure the activities of specific carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes) involving pectinase, as well as cellulolytic β-glucosidase and cellobiohydrolase (CBH) activities. The highest β-glucosidase activity (5.2 nkat/ml) was observed under aerobic conditions in cultures on the substrate mixture of SBBM and barley straw. CBH activity was also prominent under aerobic conditions, and the maximal activity (0.7 nkat/ml) was detected on the substrate mixture of SBBM and spruce wood sawdust, while elevated pectinase activity (83 nkat/ml) was recorded under aerobic conditions on substrate mixtures containing SBBM and barley straw. Thus, the conclusions are that composition of the solid waste lignocellulose substrate mixture affected enzyme production by the fungus, whereas production of ethanol was mainly controlled by the cultivation atmosphere. Interestingly, both anaerobic and semi-aerobic atmospheric conditions supported similar bioconversion efficiency resulting with similar high levels of bioethanol production in the fungal cultures within two weeks

PEMBUATAN ALAT PRESS INSOLE SEPATU

Tugas akhir ini membahas tentang pembuatan alat press insole sepatu. Yang bertujuan untuk menghasilkan alat press insole sepatu dan untuk mengetahui waktu dan biaya yang dibutuhkan untuk pembuatan alat press insole sepatu. Dalam pembuatannya material yang digunakan adalah ST 42. Proses permesinan untuk alat press insole sepatu : 1) Proses pemotongan dengan gas cutting machine, 2) Proses frais endmill, 3) Proses bubut, 4) Proses pengelasan dengan las SMAW, 5) Proses bor, 6) Proses sekrap. Secara teoritis total waktu dan biaya produksi yang dibutuhkan adalah 5, 22 jam dan Rp. 1.004.287,00.;--This final task is about process manufacturing of shoe insole press tools. The goals is to produce shoe insole press tool and to know lead time process and manufacturing cost of shoe press insole tool. The Material using ST 42. The machining process for shoe insole press tool is : 1) Cutting process using gas cutting machine, 2) Frais endmill process, 3) lathe process, 4) Welding process using SMAW, 5) Drill process, 6) Shaper process. Theoretically, lead time process and cost production required 5.22 hours and 1.004.287,00 Rupiah

LAPORAN AKHIR PRAKTIK PENGALAMAN LAPANGAN UNIVERSITAS NEGERI YOGYAKARTA LOKASI SD NEGERI TEGALPANGGUNG YOGYAKARTA

Praktik Pengalaman Lapangan (PPL) yang dilaksanakan di SD Negeri Tegal panggung berlangsung mulai tanggal 2 Juli sampai dengan 17 September 2014. Dengan kegiatan PPL diharapkan dapat memberikan pengalaman belajar bagi mahasiswa, terutama dalam hal pengalaman mengajar, memperluas wawasan, pelatihan dan pengembangan kompetensi yang diperlukan dalam bidangnya, peningkatan keterampilan, kemandirian, tanggung jawab, dan kemampuan dalam memecahkan masalah. Secara umum, pelaksanaan kegiatan PPL berjalan baiksesuai dengan yang telah direncanakan. Bentuk pelaksanaan kegiatan PPL terdiri dari tiga jenis, yaitu praktik mengajar terbimbing, praktik mengajar mandiri, dan ujian praktik mengajar. Praktik mengajar terbimbing dilakukan delapan kali, praktik mengajar mandiri dilakukan dua kali, dan ujian praktik mengajar dilakukan dua kali.Masing-masing jenis praktik mengajar dilakukan di kelas rendah dan kelas tinggi. Dari pelaksanaan kegiatan PPL di SD Negeri Tegalpanggung maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa kegiatan PPL dapat memberikan pengalaman kepada mahasiswa dalam pengembangan kompetensi di bidang pendidikan, memberikan kesempatan kepada mahasiswa untuk menerapkan ilmu, pengetahuan, dan keterampilan yang telah dipelajari ke dalam proses pembelajaran di sekolah, serta dapat meningkatkan hubungan kemitraan yang baik antara UNY dengan sekolah yang terkait

Revisiting entrepreneurial capabilities and export market orientation: a multi-scale investigation in an emerging economy

Purpose: The study aims to bridge entrepreneurial capability, export market orientation and the international performance of international new ventures (INVs). Thus, multi-scale entrepreneurial capabilities have been adopted to provide more profound insights into the early literature on internationalisation. Since little is known about the antecedents of export market orientation, the performance outcome of this is ambiguous. This study aims to enhance knowledge in this pressing research area. Design and Methodology: The sample of this study consists of data (354 firms) from INVs operating in the apparel industry of an emerging economy, namely, Bangladesh. Structural equation modelling has been used to investigate the hypothesised relationships. Findings: For the Deshpande and Farley (1999) scale, the effect of general entrepreneurial capability on intelligence dissemination and responsiveness is positively significant. Similarly, the effects of international entrepreneurial capability on customer orientation, intelligence generation, dissemination, and responsiveness are positively significant. However, general entrepreneurial capability has non-significant effects on customer orientation and intelligence generation. The results also showed that export market orientation positively mediates the relationship between international entrepreneurial capability and firm performance. For Morris and Paul (1987) scale, our hypothesised relationships between capabilities and market orientation are positively significant, and, therefore, support the mediating relationships for both general entrepreneurial capability and international entrepreneurial capability. Originality/value: Merely having capabilities without acknowledging the firm’s strategic orientations is not sufficient to secure superior performance. We urge entrepreneurs to capitalise on their entrepreneurial capabilities to leverage organisation-wide export market-oriented behaviour to achieve superior international performance in emerging economies

Promoting Maqshid al-Shari'ah and Achieving Sustainable Economic Development: the Potential of Proposed Two Tier Mudarabah Business Model on Cash Waqf

Islamic microfinance provides an alternative model for a significant number of underprivileged people who are not served by conventional microfinance. In order to give access to sustainable services to a greater extent, the Islamic microfinance is in paramount need of the adoption of innovative business models and sound practices into the industry. To this end, the research seeks to propose two tier mudarabah model based on cash waqf as an alternative to Islamic microfinance institutions. The objectives of the study are: to a) help develop and implement an appropriate business model; b) safeguard the maqasid al-Shari`ah so as to promote the well-being of the people through establishing justice and eliminating hardship; and 2) help make a reform in the present institutional framework for Islamic microfinance and waqf institutions. The study finds that cash waqf based microfinance institutions can play an important role inter alia in financial inclusion and developing socio-economic conditions of the poor and underprivileged people in society

PENGGUNAAN MULTIMEDIA UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PRESTASI BELAJAR ILMU PENGETAHUAN SOSIAL (IPS) SISWA KELAS IVA SEKOLAH DASAR NEGERI PATALAN BARU TAHUN AJARAN 2014/2015

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan penggunaan multimedia untuk meningkatan prestasi belajar IPS siswa kelas IVA SD N Patalan Baru.. Jenis penelitian ini adalah Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (Action Research). Desain penelitian menggunakan model Kemmis dan Mc Taggart. Subyek penelitian adalah siswa kelas IVA berjumlah 24 anak yang terdiri atas 9 siswa laki-laki dan 15 siswa perempuan. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan observasi, tes, catatan lapangan, dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data dilakukan secara deskriptif kuantitatif, dan kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan multimedia dapat meningkatkan prestasi belajar IPS bagi siswa. Tahap pra tindakan, menunjukkan bahwa prestasi belajar siswa kelas IVA pada mata pelajaran IPS tergolong rendah. Nilai rata-rata kelas mencapai 52,68 sedangkan ketuntasan belajar sebesar12,50%. Pada siklus I, ketuntasan belajar siswa mengalami peningkatan sebesar 54,17% (kondisi awal 12,50% meningkat menjadi 66,67%). Pada siklus II, dengan adanya perbaikan dan modifikasi multimedia pembelajaran, disertai manajemen pembentukan kelompok dan pemberian reward, prestasi belajar siswa mengalami peningkatan sebesar 16,66% (kondisi siklus I 66,67% meningkat menjadi 83,33%). Prestasi belajar pada siklus II telah memenuhi indikator keberhasilan karena dari ≤75% siswa sudah mencapai KKM. Kata Kunci: multimedia, prestasi belajar, IP

Feature decision-making ant colony optimization system for an automated recognition of plant species

In the present paper, an expert system for automatic recognition of different plant species through their leaf images is investigated by employing the ant colony optimization (ACO) as a feature decision-making algorithm. The ACO algorithm is employed to investigate inside the feature search space in order to obtain the best discriminant features for the recognition of individual species. In order to establish a feature search space, a set of feasible characteristics such as shape, morphology, texture and color are extracted from the leaf images. The selected features are used by support vector machine (SVM) to classify the species. The efficiency of the system was tested on around 2050 leaf images collected from two different plant databases, FCA and Flavia. The results of the study achieved an average accuracy of 95.53% from the ACO-based approach, confirming the potentials of using the proposed system for an automatic classification of various plant species

Perceptions of Local People toward Community Development and Forest Conservation in Bangladesh: The Case of Sal Forests

ArticleJournal of Forest Planning. 22(1): 29-38. (2017)journal articl

Sensory measurement of mercury and cadmium ions in water using silicon nanowires-modified screen printed carbon electrode

Modified screen printed carbon electrode (SPCEs) with silicon nanowires (SiNWs) were used as working electrode for the simultaneous detection of Hg(II) and Cd(II) ions in water. Linear sweep with anodic stripping voltammetry with optimum conditions of 0.05 M HCl as the supporting electrolyte, –1.2 V deposition potential and 150 s deposition time were applied. The formed electrode material was thoroughly investigated for the morphology, effects of supporting electrolyte, deposition time and potential were well calibrated for the detection of Hg(II) and Cd(II) ions. The interference studies in the presence of other competitive ions in waste water such as Ni(II), Al(III), SO3–, SO42–, Mg(II), As(III), Zn(II) and Pb(II) indicated no significant interference, which reflects the availability of these species in the sample solution that did not affect the detection and measurement of Hg(II) and Cd(II) ions. However, Cu(II) presence found to affect the detection of Hg(II) or Cd(II) ions to some extent by suppressing the peak current. Further, the efficiency of the prepared electrode investigated by the testing of sea water samples and comparing its results against ICP-MS and AAS indicated that the screen printed carbon electrode can well be suited for the non-destructive measurement of Hg(II) and Cd(II) ions in real-time samples

Implementasi Disaster Recovery Plan Dengan Sistem Fail Over Menggunakan DRBD Dan Heartbeat Pada Data Center FKIP UNS

Abstrak : Disaster Recovery Plan (DRP) adalah suatu terminologi yang sudah banyak dikenal oleh perusahaan-perusahaan yang basis bisnisnya adalah teknologi informasi (TI). Dunia bisnis yang kegiatan bisnisnya ditopang oleh TI, dituntut untuk memiliki sistem yang high availability. Oleh karena itu, sebuah perusahaan tidak bisa lepas dari adanya perencanaan tentang terjadinya force majeure pada data dan infrastruktur TI yang dimiliki perusahaan tersebut. Demikian juga dengan instansi perguruan tinggi (PT) yang telah menerapkan e-administration dalam sistem administrasi. Sebuah sistem dan infrastruktur TI dengan availabilitas yang tinggi merupakan tuntutan PT untuk memberikan layanan yang prima kepada stakeholder. Untuk menghindari adanya force majeure yang dapat menimbulkan down time pada sistem e-administration diperlukan DRP yang diimplementasikan dengan management yang baik. Sistem Fail Over merupakan salah satu cara untuk mengatasi keadaan yang memaksa, apabila terjadi suatu kejadian yang mengakibatkan sistem utama down maka secara otomatis sistem backup akan menggantikan peran sistem utama. DRBD merupakan suatu aplikasi replikasi storage block device antar 2 buah server, yang memungkinkan melakukan sinkronisasi 2 server dengan metode Uptime, Synchronous dan Asynchronous. Sedangkan Heartbeat adalah sebuah aplikasi yang dapat mendeteksi apabila server utama down maka Heartbeat akan secara otomatis mengarahkan peran server utama kepada server backup. Pada implementasi ini server utama dan server backup akan ditempatkan pada data center yang berbeda. kata kunci/Key word : backup data, disaster recovery plan, replikasi