Efectos del Método Pilates en la postura corporal estática de mujeres : una revisión sistemática

The Pilates Method provides improvement in flexibility, coordination and muscle strength, which can reflect the postural alignment. In this sense, the objective of this study was to verify the level of scientific evidence from randomized controlled trials and nonrandomized that evaluated the influence of Pilates Method in postural alignment women when compared to a control group or other intervention based on a systematic review (CRD42015026518). A search was carried out between 25 and 29 September 2015 at BIREME, EMBASE, PEDro, PubMed, Scielo, Science Direct, Scopus and Web of Science, without language restriction and date. For selecting studies, two reviewers applied independently eligibility criteria: exclusive sample of women; intervention with Pilates Method in a group and presence of comparator; variable outcome static body posture; clinical trials. Reviewers obtained data about the studies (participants, intervention and outcomes), applied the methodological quality scale PEDro and determined the strength of the evidence through Best Evidence Synthesis. Four studies were included, three with high quality, but due to the divergence of results there is no scientific evidence about the effects of the Method in postural alignment. The results suggest that from 24 sessions of Pilates Method, applied twice a week, adjustments occur in the frontal alignment of the shoulders and sagittal of the pelvis in adults. And, after 48 sessions, adds to the improvement in the sagittal 329 alignment of the head. In older, 60 sessions of Pilates Method appear to be effective in reducing the angle of kyphosis thoracic and cervical-thoracic distance, increasing height.O Método Pilates proporciona melhora na flexibilidade, coordenação e força muscular, podendo refletir no alinhamento postural. Nesse sentido, o objetivo desse estudo foi verificar o nível de evidência científica dos ensaios clínicos randomizados e não randomizados que avaliaram a influência desse Método no alinhamento postural de mulheres quando comparados a um grupo controle ou outra intervenção através de uma revisão sistemática (CRD42015026518). Foi realizada uma busca entre 25 e 29 de setembro de 2015 nas bases BIREME, EMBASE, PEDro, PubMed, SciELO, Science Direct, Scopus e Web of Science, sem restrição de idioma e data. Para seleção dos estudos, dois revisores aplicaram, independentemente, os critérios de elegibilidade: amostra exclusiva de mulheres; intervenção com o Método Pilates em um grupo e presença de comparador; variável de desfecho a postura corporal estática; ensaios clínicos. Os revisores obtiveram dados acerca dos estudos (participantes, intervenção e resultados), aplicaram a escala de qualidade metodológica PEDro e determinaram a força da evidência pela Melhor Síntese de Evidência. Quatro estudos foram incluídos, sendo três com elevada qualidade, porém devido à divergência de resultados não há evidências científicas acerca dos efeitos do Método Pilates no alinhamento postural. Os resultados sugerem que a partir de 24 sessões desse Método, praticadas duas vezes por semana, ocorrem ajustes nos alinhamentos frontal dos ombros e sagital da pelve, em mulheres adultas, e que após 48 sessões somase a melhora no alinhamento sagital da cabeça. Em idosas, sessenta sessões desse Método parecem ser efetivas na redução do ângulo da cifose torácica e da distância cérvicotorácica, aumentando a estatura.El Método Pilates mejora la flexibilidad, coordinación y fuerza muscular, y puede traer como consecuencia la alienación postural. En este sentido, el propósito de este texto es verificar el nivel de evidencia científica de estudios clínicos aleatorios y no aleatorios, que evaluaron la influencia de este Método para la alienación postural de mujeres cuando comparados a un grupo control y otra intervención a través de una revisión sistemática (CRD42015026518). Se realizó una búsqueda entre 25 y 29 de septiembre de 2015 en las bases de datos BIREME, EMBASE, PEDro, PubMed, SciELO, Science Direct, Scopus y Web of Science, sin cualquier restricción de fecha e idioma. Para la recolección de datos, dos revisores aplicaron de manera independiente criterios de elegibilidad: muestras solo de mujeres; intervención con el Método Pilates en un grupo y presencia de comparador; variable de resultado, postura corporal estática; estudios clínicos. Los revisores tuvieron acceso a los datos sobre los estudios (participantes, intervención y resultados), aplicaron la escala de calidad metodológica PEDro y establecieron la fuerza de evidencia por la Mejor Síntesis de Evidencia. Se incluyeron cuatro estudios, siendo tres con alto nivel de calidad, sin embargo, debido a las divergencias de resultados no fueron encontradas evidencias científicas sobre los efectos de este Método en la alienación postural. Los resultados evidencian que la práctica de más de 24 sesiones, dos veces a la semana, puede posibilitar correcciones en las alienaciones frontal de los hombros y sagital de la pelvis, en mujeres adultas, y que tras 48 sesiones se añade la mejora en la alienación sagital de la cabeza. En adultos mayores son necesarias sesenta sesiones para reducir el ángulo de la cifosis torácica y de la distancia cervical y torácica, aumentando, así, la estatura

Isolation of saprophytic filamentous fungi from avian fecal samples and assessment of its predatory activity on coccidian oocysts

Research Areas: Science & Technology, Other TopicsFungal strains used in the biocontrol of animal gastrointestinal parasites have been mainly isolated from pasture soil, decaying organic matter, and feces from herbivores and carnivores. However, their isolation from birds and assessment of predatory activity against avian GI parasites has been scarce thus far. This research aimed to isolate flamentous fungi from avian fecal samples and evaluate their predatory activity against coccidia. A pool of 58 fecal samples from chickens, laying hens, and peacocks, previously collected between July 2020-April 2021, were used for isolation of flamentous fungi and assessment of their in vitro predatory activity against coccidian oocysts, using Water-Agar medium and coprocultures. The Willis-fotation technique was also performed to obtain concentrated suspensions of oocysts. A total of seven Mucor isolates was obtained, being the only fungal taxa identifed, and all presented lytic activity against coccidia. Isolates FR3, QP2 and SJ1 had signifcant coccidiostatic efcacies (inhibition of sporulation) higher than 70%, while isolates FR1, QP2 and QP1 had coccidicidal efcacies (destruction of the oocysts) of 22%, 14% and 8%, respectively, after 14 days of incubation, being a gradual and time-dependent process. To our knowledge, this is the frst report regarding the isolation of native predatory fungi from avian feces and demonstration of their lytic activity against coccidiainfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Building a Open Source Framework for Virtual Medical Training

This paper presents a framework to build medical training applications by using virtual reality and a tool that helps the class instantiation of this framework. The main purpose is to make easier the building of virtual reality applications in the medical training area, considering systems to simulate biopsy exams and make available deformation, collision detection, and stereoscopy functionalities. The instantiation of the classes allows quick implementation of the tools for such a purpose, thus reducing errors and offering low cost due to the use of open source tools. Using the instantiation tool, the process of building applications is fast and easy. Therefore, computer programmers can obtain an initial application and adapt it to their needs. This tool allows the user to include, delete, and edit parameters in the functionalities chosen as well as storing these parameters for future use. In order to verify the efficiency of the framework, some case studies are presented

Health education for cervical cancer prevention

Este estudo se trata do relato de uma experiência vivenciada por graduandos de Medicina e Enfermagem participantes do PET-Saúde da Universidade de Brasília, cujo objetivo foi realizar atividades de educação em saúde dentro do tema prevenção de câncer cérvico-uterino nos municípios de Ceres e Santa Isabel, Goiás. Para tanto, foram feitas diferentes ações comunicativas, tais como: confecção e distribuição de cartazes/panfletos; produção de um programa de rádio; e promoção de rodas de conversa na sala de espera das unidades básicas de saúde. Essa atividade se mostrou como uma oportunidade de compartilhar experiências e sentimentos, bem como discutir ideias e conceitos visando a construir um novo conhecimento, com contribuições do saber teórico dos acadêmicos e do saber prático das usuárias. As dúvidas e questionamentos das usuárias estavam de acordo com os apontados trazidos pela literatura, e as atividades mostraram-se uma boa forma de esclarecer as dúvidas das usuárias e aproximar sistema de saúde e população, bem como de promover a educação em saúde, especialmente no âmbito da autovalorização, da prevenção e da promoção da saúde.This case report describes the experience of undergraduate medical and nursing students participating in the Educational Program for Health Work (PET-Saúde) at the University of Brasília, the objective of which was to conduct health education activities in cervical cancer prevention in Ceres and Santa Isabel, Goiás State. The following communications activities were used: preparation and distribution of posters and leaflets; production of a radio program; and conversation groups held in the waiting rooms of primary healthcare units. This activity provided an opportunity to share experiences and feelings, as well as discussing ideas and concepts aimed at building new knowledge, with contributions from the students' academic training and the users' practical knowhow. The users' doubts and questions were consistent with those found in the literature, and the activities proved to be a good way for clearing up users' doubts and drawing the health system and the population closer, as well as promoting health education, especially in the areas of self-esteem, prevention, and health promotion

Training community health agents in cervical cancer prevention

Atualmente, intensificam-se as discussões a respeito da educação em saúde, principalmente em relação aos agentes comunitários de saúde (ACS), para os quais a capacitação deve ser constante. Este estudo tem como objetivo relatar a experiência de capacitação de ACSs a respeito do tema câncer cérvico-uterino. A escolha do tema abordado baseou-se em sua relevância e na necessidade concreta dos ACSs observados, que não se sentiam empoderados com relação ao assunto. Diante disso, nove acadêmicos de Medicina e Enfermagem, monitores do PET-Saúde da Universidade de Brasília (UnB), realizaram encontros com ACSs dos municípios de Ceres e Santa Isabel (GO), com o intuito de fornecer a esses profissionais mais informações e técnicas para que a abordagem das usuárias em relação ao exame colpocitologico fosse bem-sucedida. A metodologia utilizada foi a integração entre educação bancária e educação dialógica, a fim de que elas se complementassem para alcançar melhores resultados. Foi evidenciado êxito, uma vez que os ACSs demonstraram ter assimilado o conteúdo e ter organizado os conceitos e puderam aplicá-los de forma criativa, envolvendo-se com o aprendizado e acrescentando a ele as suas vivências próprias em relação ao conhecimento aprendido.Recent years have witnessed increasing discussion on health education, especially for community health workers (CHWs), who should receive continuing training. The aim of this study was to report on an experience with CHWs trained in cervical cancer prevention. The choice of the theme was based on its relevance and the observed need among CHWs, who did not feel empowered to deal with it. Thus, nine undergraduate medical and nursing students, who were monitors in the PET-Saúde project at the University of Brasília (UnB), held meetings with CHWs in the municipalities (counties) of Ceres and Santa Isabel, Goiás State, Brazil, to provide them with information and techniques in order to improve the success of Pap smears for patients. The methodology used a combination of traditional and critical dialogical learning in order to achieve the best results. The training proved successful, since the CHWs assimilated the concepts and were able to apply them creatively, interacting with the learning process and enriching it with their own personal experiences

Soil management and mulching for weed control in cowpea

More efficient weed control managements can be achieved through different strategies, given that the population of these plants changes according to the system used. This study aimed at assessing solarization methods associated with different mulches for weed control in the cowpea crop. The methods used were soil solarization, with plastic sheeting and with solar collector, associated with the following mulches: castor bean, rattlepod and spontaneous vegetation. Weed phytosociology was calculated by frequency, density and abundance. The most infesting families were Asteraceae, Poaceae and Amaranthaceae. The species with the highest frequency, density and abundance in the treatments without mulching was Cyperus rotundus, while Bidens spp. occurred only in non-solarized soil and without mulching. The largest number of weeds was found in the treatments without mulching in non-solarized soil or soil solarized with plastic sheeting, the latter being less efficient than the solar collector. Mulching inhibits the weed infestation in cowpea crops, irrespective of soil solarization. However, rattlepod as mulch is more efficient in the solarization with plastic sheeting than with a solar collector

Primeiro relato de ototoxicidade pelo antimoniato de meglumina

Introdução: Antimoniais pentavalentes são os fármacos de primeira escolha no tratamento da leishmaniose tegumentar. Dados de ototoxicidade relacionados a tais fármacos são escassos na literatura, o que nos levou a desenvolver um estudo de funções cócleo-vestibulares. Relato de caso: Relatamos caso de paciente masculino de 78 anos com leishmaniose tegumentar, que apresentou aumento significativo dos limiares auditivos com zumbido e tontura rotatória grave durante o tratamento com antimoniato de meglumina. Os sintomas pioraram até duas semanas após a interrupção do tratamento. Conclusão: Tontura e zumbido já tinham sido associados ao antimoniato de meglumina. Entretanto, este é o primeiro caso bem documentado de toxicidade cócleo-vestibular relacionado ao antimoniato de meglumina.Introduction: Pentavalent antimonials are the first drug of choice in the treatment of tegumentary leishmaniasis. Data on ototoxicity related with such drugs is scarcely available in literature, leading us to develop a study on cochleovestibular functions. Case Report: A case of a tegumentary leishmaniasis patient, a 78-year-old man who presented a substantial increase in auditory threshold with tinnitus and severe rotatory dizziness during the treatment with meglumine antimoniate, is reported. These symptoms worsened in two weeks after treatment was interrupted. Conclusion: Dizziness and tinnitus had already been related to meglumine antimoniate. However, this is the first well documented case of cochlear-vestibular toxicity related to meglumine antimoniate

Implementation of Mini-FLOTAC in routine diagnosis of Coccidia and Helminth infections in domestic and exotic birds

Mini-FLOTAC (MF) has recently been proposed for the fecal quantification of gastrointestinal (GI) parasites in birds due to its higher sensitivity and precision in comparison with the McMaster method. The current research aimed to test the use of MF in routine diagnosis of coccidia and helminth infections in several domestic and exotic bird collections in Portugal. Between July 2020 and April 2021, a total of 142 fecal samples from organic layers, peacocks and ratites were collected in four Portuguese bird collections and processed using MF and fecal cultures to identify and calculate GI parasite shedding and prevalence. The McMaster method was also used to compare the shedding levels obtained for both quantitative techniques. MF’s relative sensitivity and specificity were also assessed, using McMaster as the reference technique. The implementation of MF resulted in an average Eimeria spp. shedding higher in peacocks from bird collection 2 (502 OPG), followed by peacocks from collection 1 (107 OPG) and organic layers (24 OPG) and peacocks from collection 3 (9 OPG). Peacocks were also positive for Capillaria spp., Trichostrongylus tenuis and Strongyloides pavonis, whereas ostriches and emus were infected by L. douglassii. The MF protocol for exotic animals and the McMaster method did not differ significantly for each parasitic agent and bird species, and MF achieved relative sensitivities and specificities higher than 70% for Galliform Eimeria spp., peacock helminths and ratites’ L. douglassii infections. Higher L. douglassii EPG values were identified using the MF protocol for exotic species (2 g of feces/38 mL of sucrose solution), followed by McMaster 2/28, MF 5/45 and MF 2/18. The use of MF allowed for obtaining different intestinal parasitic populations in several bird species and locations, and MF 2/38 is globally proposed as the most suitable protocol for bird fecal samples as an alternative to the McMaster method in the diagnosis of avian intestinal parasitic infections.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Effects of Pilates Method on women's static body posture: a systematic review

The Pilates Method provides improvement in flexibility, coordination and muscle strength, which can reflect the postural alignment. In this sense, the objective of this study was to verify the level of scientific evidence from randomized controlled trials and nonrandomized that evaluated the influence of Pilates Method in postural alignment women when compared to a control group or other intervention based on a systematic review (CRD42015026518). A search was carried out between 25 and 29 September 2015 at BIREME, EMBASE, PEDro, PubMed, Scielo, Science Direct, Scopus and Web of Science, without language restriction and date. For selecting studies, two reviewers applied independently eligibility criteria: exclusive sample of women; intervention with Pilates Method in a group and presence of comparator; variable outcome static body posture; clinical trials. Reviewers obtained data about the studies (participants, intervention and outcomes), applied the methodological quality scale PEDro and determined the strength of the evidence through Best Evidence Synthesis. Four studies were included, three with high quality, but due to the divergence of results there is no scientific evidence about the effects of the Method in postural alignment. The results suggest that from 24 sessions of Pilates Method, applied twice a week, adjustments occur in the frontal alignment of the shoulders and sagittal of the pelvis in adults. And, after 48 sessions, adds to the improvement in the sagittal alignment of the head. In older, 60 sessions of Pilates Method appear to be effective in reducing the angle of kyphosis thoracic and cervical-thoracic distance, increasing height.El Método Pilates mejora la flexibilidad, coordinación y fuerza muscular, y puede traer como consecuencia la alienación postural. En este sentido, el propósito de este texto es verificar el nivel de evidencia científica de estudios clínicos aleatorios y no aleatorios, que evaluaron la influencia de este Método para la alienación postural de mujeres cuando comparados a un grupo control y otra intervención a través de una revisión sistemática (CRD42015026518). Se realizó una búsqueda entre 25 y 29 de septiembre de 2015 en las bases de datos BIREME, EMBASE, PEDro, PubMed, SciELO, Science Direct, Scopus y Web of Science, sin cualquier restricción de fecha e idioma. Para la recolección de datos, dos revisores aplicaron de manera independiente criterios de elegibilidad: muestras solo de mujeres; intervención con el Método Pilates en un grupo y presencia de comparador; variable de resultado, postura corporal estática; estudios clínicos. Los revisores tuvieron acceso a los datos sobre los estudios (participantes, intervención y resultados), aplicaron la escala de calidad metodológica PEDro y establecieron la fuerza de evidencia por la Mejor Síntesis de Evidencia. Se incluyeron cuatro estudios, siendo tres con alto nivel de calidad, sin embargo, debido a las divergencias de resultados no fueron encontradas evidencias científicas sobre los efectos de este Método en la alienación postural. Los resultados evidencian que la práctica de más de 24 sesiones, dos veces a la semana, puede posibilitar correcciones en las alienaciones frontal de los hombros y sagital de la pelvis, en mujeres adultas, y que tras 48 sesiones se añade la mejora en la alienación sagital de la cabeza. En adultos mayores son necesarias sesenta sesiones para reducir el ángulo de la cifosis torácica y de la distancia cervical y torácica, aumentando, así, la estatura.O Método Pilates proporciona melhora na flexibilidade, coordenação e força muscular, podendo refletir no alinhamento postural. Nesse sentido, o objetivo desse estudo foi verificar o nível de evidência científica dos ensaios clínicos randomizados e não randomizados que avaliaram a influência desse Método no alinhamento postural de mulheres quando comparados a um grupo controle ou outra intervenção através de uma revisão sistemática (CRD42015026518). Foi realizada uma busca entre 25 e 29 de setembro de 2015 nas bases BIREME, EMBASE, PEDro, PubMed, SciELO, Science Direct, Scopus e Web of Science, sem restrição de idioma e data. Para seleção dos estudos, dois revisores aplicaram, independentemente, os critérios de elegibilidade: amostra exclusiva de mulheres; intervenção com o Método Pilates em um grupo e presença de comparador; variável de desfecho a postura corporal estática; ensaios clínicos. Os revisores obtiveram dados acerca dos estudos (participantes, intervenção e resultados), aplicaram a escala de qualidade metodológica PEDro e determinaram a força da evidência pela Melhor Síntese de Evidência. Quatro estudos foram incluídos, sendo três com elevada qualidade, porém devido à divergência de resultados não há evidências científicas acerca dos efeitos do Método Pilates no alinhamento postural. Os resultados sugerem que a partir de 24 sessões desse Método, praticadas duas vezes por semana, ocorrem ajustes nos alinhamentos frontal dos ombros e sagital da pelve, em mulheres adultas, e que após 48 sessões soma-se a melhora no alinhamento sagital da cabeça. Em idosas, sessenta sessões desse Método parecem ser efetivas na redução do ângulo da cifose torácica e da distância cérvico-torácica, aumentando a estatura