Optimisation of Data Acquisition in Wind Turbines with Data-Driven Conversion Functions for Sensor Measurements

Operation and Maintenance (O&M) is an important cost driver of modern wind turbines. Condition monitoring (CM) allows the implementation of predictive O&M strategies helping to reduce costs. In this work a novel approach for wind turbine condition monitoring is proposed focusing on synergistic effects of coexisting sensing technologies. The main objective is to understand the predictability of signals using information from other measurements recorded at different locations of the turbine. The approach is based on a multi-step procedure to pre-process data, train a set of conversion functions and evaluate their performance. A subsequent sensitivity analysis measuring the impact of the input variables on the predicted response reveals hidden relationships between signals. The concept feasibility is tested in a case study using Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition (SCADA) data from an offshore turbine

Diagnosis of bronchial hyperresponsiveness in sport by PC20 value

En este trabajo se exponen los criterios de positividad del Comité Olímpico Internacional versus a la Sociedad Española de Neumología y Cirugía Torácica. Participaron en este estudio ochenta deportistas de alto rendimiento, realizando una historia clínica, una espirometría de reposo y un test de metacolina. Se analiza la sensibilidad y especificidad del test de metacolina mediante curvas ROC. El comité Internacional antidopaje (WADA) requiere que la disminución sea con un PC20 < a 4mg/ml, mientras que para la práctica clínica este descenso debe presentar un PC20 < 8mg/ml. Los resultados fueron: 25% tuvieron un PC20 > de 8mg/ml; el 61% obtuvieron un PC20 < 4mg/ml y un 14% presentaron un PC20 entre 4 y 8mg/ml, correspondiendo el mejor punto de corte a PC20 de 7,6mg/ml con especificidad de 98,3 y sensibilidad de 100%. Se tendría que determinar los mismos criterios para el diagnóstico de los deportistas y los que no lo son.In this work criteria of the International Olympic Committee versus the Spanish Society of Pneumology and Thoracic Surgery are exposed. A study was conducted in eighty high performance athletes of several sports . Who underwent a medical history, resting spirometry and a methacholine challenge test. You get the sensitivity and specificity of methacholine challenge test using Receiver Operating Curves (ROC curves). International anti-doping Committee requires that the decline is a PC20 < 4mg/ml, while clinical practice this fall must submit a PC20 < 8mg/ml. Twenty five percent of those studied had a PC20 > of 8mg/ml, 61% had a PC20 < 4mg/ml and 14% had a 4 to 8mg/ml PC20. The best cutoff point was found for a PC20 of 7.6 mg/ml with a specificity of 98.3 and a sensitivity of 100%. It would have to determine the same criteria for positive diagnosis of athletes and those who are not

Comparing two antibacterial treatments for bioceramic coatings at short culture times

Plasma-sprayed hydroxyapatite coatings were employed industrially for decades to improve osteointegration of articular implants, but many studies have warned about the problems inherent to this procedure (mechanical properties, harmful phases). Consequently, a combination of hydroxyapatite with TiO2 sprayed by high velocity oxy-fuel spray was considered in this study. As infection after joint replacement surgery is one of the most critical concerns when considering implant performance, it is necessary to study possible ways to reduce or eliminate it. Two coating treatments were chosen for this study: addition of a percentage of ZnO and immersion in gentamicin for 24 h. Furthermore, three bacteria were considered: Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Staphylococcus aureus. The evolution of bacteria viability in solution was measured at 0, 2, and 4 h; and plate assays were performed to study antibacterial effects by diffusion. The results show an important antibacterial effect of the as-sprayed coating, attributed to the presence of -OH radicals on the surface. The presence of ZnO did not have any additional influence on bacteria viability, but gentamicin-treated samples showed an improvement in antibacterial behavior for Gram-negative bacteria in solution, as well as a bactericidal effect in diffusion conditions

Up-scale challenges on biopolymer production from waste streams by Purple Phototrophic Bacteria mixed cultures: A critical review

Financial support from the Regional Government of Madrid through the project S2018/EMT-4344 BIOTRES-CM is gratefully acknowledged. D. Puyol wishes to thank the Spanish Ministry of Economy for the Ramon y Cajal grant. J. FThe increasing volume of waste streams require new biological technologies that can address pollution concerns while offering sustainable products. Purple phototrophic bacteria (PPB) are very versatile organisms that present a unique metabolism that allows them to adapt to a variety of environments, including the most complex waste streams. Their successful adaptation to such demanding conditions is partly the result of internal polymers accumulation which can be stored for electron/energy balance or as carbon and nutrients reserves for deprivation periods. Polyhydroxyalkanoates, glycogen, sulphur and polyphosphate are examples of polymers produced by PPB that can be economically explored due to their applications in the plastic, energy and fertilizers sectors. Their large-scale production implies the outdoor operation of PPB systems which brings new challenges, identified in this review. An overview of the current PPB polymer producing technologies and prospects for their future development is also provided.publishersversionpublishe

Desarrollo de micro-reactores calentados por microondas : aplicaciones a reacciones de fase gas

En este trabajo se pretende utilizar las técnicas de preparación de películas zeolíticas para obtener recubrimientos homogéneos, y con una carga catalítica suficiente, en el interior de los canales de los microreactores que posteriormente serán utilizados en reacciones de aplicación industrial (como la combustión de trazas de COV´s en aire), con la ayuda del platino como catalizador. Numerosos catalizadores son capaces de absorber radiación de microondas a las frecuencias habituales (2,45 GHz) y a las temperaturas de interés en reacciones químicas de fase gas. Esto supone un importante ahorro económico al no tener que calentar todo el sistema hasta la temperatura de reacción, basta con hacerlo con el catalizador y los reactantes. También presentan características como: mayor conversión que un reactor convencional, mejoras de selectividad, mayor resistencia a la desactivación, etc. A continuación se detallan los objetivos del trabajo: • Preparar películas zeolíticas homogeneas sobre los microcanales de los micro-reactores de acero con cargas de catalizador suficiente para llevar a cabo reacciones de oxidación de compuestos orgánicos volátiles. • Poner en funcionamiento la planta de combustión de COV´s. • Mejorar los resultados obtenidos en un reactor de lecho fijo. • Poner en marcha el sistema experimental con microondas. • Determinar la absorción de microondas de los materiales a emplear. • Aplicar la radiación microondas a reacciones en fase gas

The incidence of breast cancer in the General Practice Research Database compared with national cancer registration data

Breast cancer incidence rates in the UK from 1990 to 1996 among women aged 35–69 estimated from the General Practice Research Database (GPRD) were closely similar to those reported by the Office for National Statistics from cancer registration data (ONS). The GPRD is a valuable and up-to-date resource for further study of the incidence of breast cancer in the UK as well as changes in cancer treatment and their relation to survival trends. © 2000 Cancer Research Campaign http://www.bjcancer.co

ZrO2-SBA-15 catalysts for the one-pot cascade synthesis of GVL from furfural

Controlling the thickness of zirconia monolayers coated over SBA-15 offers an effective way to tune catalytic performance for the acid-mediated and hydrogen transfer (Meerwein Ponndorf Verley, MPV) cascade transformation of furfural to γ-valerolactone. Complementary mechanistic and kinetic modelling establishes the existence of the two distinct zirconium active species (weak and strong acid sites), whose balancing enables optimisation of the cascade and hence maximal γ-valerolactone (GVL) production

Estimulación de la rama izquierda a través de acceso venoso derecho

Varón de 51 años que ingresó por síncope, objetivándose en la monitorización un bloqueo auriculoventricular completo. Dado que el paciente presentaba disfunción sistólica ligera del ventrículo izquierdo, se decidió implantar un marcapasos definitivo con estimulación fisiológica de la rama izquierda del haz de His. Tras punciones axilar y subclavia izquierdas fallidas se realizó venografía, que mostró oclusión del sistema venoso izquierdo con abundante circulación colateral (fig. 1 A). Se canalizó el acceso venoso por punción subclavia derecha, logrando implantar el electrodo ventricular en la rama izquierda con ayuda de una vaina fija modificada de forma manual (modelo C315HIS, Medtronic, Minneapolis). No se objetivaron complicaciones en la radiografía postimplante (fig. 1 B). El QRS basal presentaba 142 ms, quedando finalmente un QRS estimulado de 98 ms (fig. 2 A y B). Los parámetros 24 horas tras el implante fueron correctos..

Simulador de redes eléctricas

Se presenta un simulador de redes eléctricas para el entrenamiento de operadores de centros de control de las mismas. El simulador es el resultado de una primera fase de un proyecto de investigación de UNESA, e incorpora las funciones fundamentales para redes pequeñas. El simulador se ha implementado sobre un computador de 16 bits y dispone de dos consolas semigráficas para el instructor y operador desde donde se puede actuar sobre la red y seguir la evolución de la misma