Are we following the right path? Assessment of the Portuguese electricity generation on atmospheric emissions

This paper examines the Portuguese electricity-supply-sector evolution within the EU-27 and its impact on atmospheric emissions. Using a dataset of SO2, NOx, CO2 and particulates emissions for Portuguese thermoelectricity plants between 1990 and 2008, the performed panel data model shows emissions to be a positive function of fossil fuel combustible use. Nevertheless, these results denote a more “impressive” correlation per GWh generated than in other EU countries. They also indicate that only SO2 emissions are a negative function of liberalization, which may be explained by the market power of the incumbent that does not feel threatened to adopt environmental improvements.peer-reviewe

CONCENTRAÇÃO SALIVAR DE IgA E Streptococcus mutans EM CRIANÇAS COM IDADE ENTRE 6 E 12 ANOS

Este trabalho avaliou o perfil epidemiológico, os índices de infecção por Streptococcus mutans e a concentração salivar de IgA anti-S. mutans e IgA total em crianças com idade entre 6 e 12 anos. A amostra foi constituída de 40 crianças de uma escola particular e de 40 crianças de uma escola pública. Em cada escola foram examinadas 20 meninos e 20 meninas. A infecção pelo Streptococcus mutans foi determinada a partir da utilização do kit Caritest-SM® e expressa em unidades formadoras de colônias por mL da saliva (UFC/mL). A dosagem de anticorpos salivares foi realizada por ensaio imunoenzimático ELISA (Enzyme Linked Immunoabsorbent Assay). A significância dos resultados microbiológicos e da concentração salivar de IgA foram determinados por análise de variância multipareada e aplicação do teste de Tukey-Kramer sendo que os valores de UFC/mL foram convertidos em LOG10 para análise. Considerando as 80 crianças avaliadas a infecção por Streptococcus mutans foi detectada em 95% (76) das amostras de saliva. Correlação positiva entre a concentração de IgA anti-Streptococcus mutans e o número de UFC/mL na saliva foi encontrado em apenas 45% das crianças do sexo masculino da escola pública. Os resultados indicam a presença de números elevados de UFC/mL, sugerindo que a população estudada tem um grande risco bacteriológico à cárie, sobretudo se consideramos que a colonização por S. mutans tem importante associação para o desenvolvimento da doença cárie.Descritores: Cárie. Streptococcus mutans. IgA. Saliva.AbstractThis work evaluated the Streptococcus mutans colonization and the secretory IgA concentration in children with age between 6 and 12 years. Children aged between 6 and 12 years old from a private school (A) (n=40) and from a public school (B) (N=40/school) were evaluated. In each school 20 boys and 20 girls were examined. The quantification of S. mutans was evaluated by the Caritest SM® kit (Technew, Brazil) and was expressed as colony forming units per mL (CFU/mL) of saliva and the values of CFU/mL were converted into LOG10 for analysis.. The total and specific anti-S.mutans salivary IgA concentration was determined by enzyme linked immunoabsorbent assay (ELISA). The significance of results was determined by variance analyzes and the Tukey-Kramer test and the correlations were evaluated by Pearson. Positive results to S. mutans colonization were detected in 95% (76) of the saliva samples. Positive correlation among the concentration of IgAanti-Streptococcus mutans and number of CFU/mL in saliva was only found among 45% boys from public school. The results indicate the presence of high numbers of CFU/mL and suggest a high risk of caries since the large bacterial counts, since the S.mutans is strongly associated with the caries development.Descriptors: Caries. Streptococcus mutans. IgA. Saliv

Prevalência de síndrome metabólica (SM) em usuários de antipsicóticos

-OBJETIVOS: São descritos diversos transtornos metabólicos, associados ao uso de antipsicóticos, sugerindo interface com o quadro de síndrome metabólica (SM). O objetivo do presente estudo é determinar a freqüência dos componentes da SM, em indivíduos com diagnóstico prévio de esquizofrenia, usuários de medicação antipsicótica, verificando possível relação entre uso o dessas drogas e a SM. MATERIAL E MÉTODOS: Foram estudados 64 indivíduos sendo 28 usuários de antipsicóticos típicos (grupo 1), 17 usuários de antipsicóticos atípicos (grupo 2) e 19 como grupo controle (grupo 3). Cada indivíduo foi submetido à avaliação clínica, avaliação do nível de atividade física e às dosagens de glicose, colesterol total e HDL, triglicérides, insulina e leptina. RESULTADOS: As médias dos parâmetros clínicos foram: idade, 37±10 anos, 35±7 anos e 37±10 anos; circunferência abdominal, 97±15cm, 93±12cm e 86±14cm (p<0,05); IMC 26,3±3,7kg/m2 , 25,1±4,0kg/m2, 24,5±4,9kg/m2; PAS 119±21mmHg; 112±15mmHg e 120±19mmHg e PAD 79±14mmHg; 70±9mmHg e 77±14mmHg, nos grupos 1, 2 e 3, respectivamente. Foram considerados sedentários 90,6% dos indivíduos do grupo 1, 59,2% do grupo 2 e 49,7%, do grupo 3. As médias dos exames laboratoriais foram colesterol total: 185± 31mg/dl, 170±42mg/dl e 169±25mg/dl; colesterol HDL:42±12mg/dl, 43±15mg/dl, 51±13mg/dl (p<0,05), triglicérides: 161±105mg/dl, 119±60mg/dl e 114±84mg/dl, glicose: 90±15mg/dl, 86±10mg/dl e 89±16mg/dl, HOMA-index: 1,5± 1,1, 1,5±1,0, 1,2 ±0,8 e leptina 2,5±1,7mg/dl, 2,3± 1,5mg/dl, 3,3± 2,1mg/dl (NS), nos grupos 1, 2 e 3, respectivamente. A prevalência de SM foi 33%, 20% e 25%, nos grupos 1, 2 e 3, respectivamente. DISCUSSÃO: Na maioria dos parâmetros, não se encontrou diferença significativa entre os grupos, todavia observou-se perfil metabólico mais desfavorável, no grupo 1. Diferença significativa nos níveis de HDL colesterol e na circunferência abdominal bem como maior prevalência de SM em usuários de antipsicóticos típicos sugerem possível relação desses transtornos metabólicos e o uso desse tipo de droga. Todavia, existe a possibilidade de que o sedentarismo e o ganho de peso que estão ligados à doença psiquiátrica de base e não o tipo de tratamento em si possam ser a causa do transtorno metabólico. CONCLUSÃO: Os achados sugerem que usuários de antipsicóticos apresentam maior prevalência de SM. A ampliação do número de indivíduos avaliados poderá esclarecer a possível relação entre o tipo de medicação anti-psicótica e a SM

Building an antimicrobial stewardship program: A narrative of six years under the Donabedian perspective

Introduction: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is increasing and represents one of the world’s major challenges. AMR increase morbimortality, length of hospital stay and costs. Antimicrobial Stewardship Programs (ASP) are one of the key strategies to promote the rational use of antimicrobials since AMR is mostly driven by antimicrobial consumption.Objective: To describe the ASP implementation in a teaching hospital from the perspective of Donabedian quality assessment and the Brazilian regulatory requirements.Method: This was a descriptive study with secondary data collection, including document review of the ASP. The study setting was a general public 392-bed hospital. The ASP activities were performed by the hospital infection control committee (HICC), hospital pharmacy (HP) and diagnostic support laboratory (DSL). The description of the three services mainly involved in the ASP was based on a quality assessment model involving the dimensions of “structure”, “process” and “result” proposed by Donabedian. The distribution among dimensions was guided by the checklist of essential elements of the ASP that compose the Brazilian regulatory requirements. The checklist was applied in July, 2022, and the ASP results described from 2016 to 2021.Results: ASP actions have been gradually implemented since 2008 with the implementation of HICC and improved over the years. Regarding structure, the investments in technology were mapped, quantifying 26 computers and three software programs employed to computerize the ASP processes performed in specific physical areas by HICC, HP and DSL. Institutional guidelines used by HICC, HP and DSL guided clinical practices to operationalize ASP. The evaluation metrics improved for 10 indicators and worsened for four indicators. From the 60 items composing the checklist, the hospital met the requirements in 73.3% of the items (n = 44).Conclusion: This study described the implementation of ASP in a teaching hospital, applying the Donabedian perspective. Although the hospital still does not have a classic ASP model, there were investments to improve structure, processes and results, aiming to comply with international guidelines. A high proportion of key elements of ASP in the hospital were followed according to the Brazilian regulatory requirements. Aspects related to antimicrobial consumption and the emergence of microbial resistance deserve further investigations

Manufacturing a prebiotic whey beverage exploring the influence of degree of inulin polymerization

In this work, we evaluated the influence of inulin degree of polymerization (DP) on the physical stability of a soursop flavored whey beverage aiming to obtain a novel prebiotic food product. We studied the effect of the inulin DP (DP ≥ 10 and DP ≥ 23) and their interactions with others stabilizers (gellan gum and gum acacia) to improve the whey beverage physical properties. The DP of inulin had an important effect on physical stability. The optical microscopy, particle size distributions, separation index, light backscatter scan analysis and the rheological behavior results were essential to prove the better efficiency of inulin with higher DP for the beverage stabilization. Furthermore, the use of gellan gum decreased the difference caused by inulin DP. The results observed were mainly attributed to the inulin capacity in forming gels, which seemed to be directly related to its dissolution and storage conditions.77787795CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICO - CNPQCOORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DE PESSOAL DE NÍVEL SUPERIOR - CAPESFUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO - FAPESPSem informação302423/2015-02015/22226-

Spontaneous telangiectatic osteosarcoma in a rhesus macaque (Macaca mulatta)

Submitted by Ana Helena Freire ([email protected]) on 2017-08-28T19:50:02Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Goldschmidt_et_al-2017-Journal_of_Medical_Primatology.pdf: 710247 bytes, checksum: dd1de45473fe80acb9a317c8056b6530 (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Fátima Fandinho Montes ([email protected]) on 2018-09-27T19:02:59Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Goldschmidt_et_al-2017-Journal_of_Medical_Primatology.pdf: 710247 bytes, checksum: dd1de45473fe80acb9a317c8056b6530 (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2018-09-27T19:02:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Goldschmidt_et_al-2017-Journal_of_Medical_Primatology.pdf: 710247 bytes, checksum: dd1de45473fe80acb9a317c8056b6530 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto de Ciência e Tecnologia em Biomodelos. Serviço de Criação de Primatas Não Humanos. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto de Ciência e Tecnologia em Biomodelos. Serviço de Criação de Primatas Não Humanos. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto de Ciência e Tecnologia em Biomodelos. Serviço de Criação de Primatas Não Humanos. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas. Laboratório de Pesquisa Clínica em Dermatozoonoses em Animais Domésticos. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Instituto Nacional de Câncer. Divisão de Patologia. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto de Ciência e Tecnologia em Biomodelos. Serviço de Criação de Primatas Não Humanos. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas. Setor de Radiologia. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto de Ciência e Tecnologia em Biomodelos. Serviço de Criação de Primatas Não Humanos. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto de Ciência e Tecnologia em Biomodelos. Serviço de Criação de Primatas Não Humanos. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common type of bone cancer, especially in young. Telangiectatic osteosarcoma (TO) is a rare variant of OS, and hence, its occurrence, presentation, and prognosis are poorly understood. A 4-year-old female rhesus monkey presenting lameness and swelling was examined for a mass on the right humerus. Radiography revealed fracture and disorganized structure of bone tissue. Histopathological examination revealed malignant neoplasm composed of anaplastic osteoblasts, which invaded the bone marrow and surrounded blood-filled cysts in the epiphysis and diaphysis forming septa. Cytogenetic analysis showed aneuploid cells, supernumerary AgNORs, and a marker fragment. The neoplasm was diagnosed as TO. To our knowledge, the occurrence of TO and its cytogenetic analysis were reported for the first time in non-human primates

Effect of high-intensity ultrasound on the nutritional profile and volatile compounds of a prebiotic soursop whey beverage

This study evaluated the nutritional profile and volatile compounds present in a novel prebiotic (inulin) soursop whey beverage, due to the effects of high-intensity ultrasound (HIUS). The prebiotic soursop whey beverage was produced and processed by non-thermal high-intensity ultrasound varying the power (0, 200, 400 and 600 W) and by high-temperature short time (72 degrees C for 15 s) thermal treatment. Total acidity, pH, ascorbic acid content, total phenolics compounds content, antioxidant activity, hypertensive activity, fatty acid profile, volatile organic compounds, macro and micro minerals, as well as the heavy metals in these products, were analyzed. Overall, the HIUS technology induced some positive changes in the nutritional profile of the soursop whey beverage including beneficial effects, e.g., increase of phenolic content, improvement of the antioxidant and anti-hypertensive activity and reduction of undesired minerals. Although some negative changes, such as degradation of the ascorbic acid, decrease of some minerals and production of certain volatile compounds were found, the beneficial effects were prominent, thus, opening new opportunities to develop healthy functional beverages55157164CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICO - CNPQCOORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DE PESSOAL DE NÍVEL SUPERIOR - CAPESFUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO - FAPESP302423/2015-0não tem2015/22226-