Theoretical and methodical essence of technology transfer on the basis of entreprenry and intrapreneurship

In the article it is proved that a considerable part of scientific developments of industrial enterprises, in most cases quite effective and promising, remain unclaimed; high, and in most cases inaccessible even to the technological product development companies themselves. their commercialization (transfer) costs are not high enough, and in most cases not accessible even to the technological product development companies themselves. The conceptual and categorical apparatus of technology transfer has been clarified. It is proved that transfer of technologies developed at machine-building enterprises can be carried out mainly with the use of two entrepreneurial institutions: entrepreneurship (external transfer) and intrapreneurship (intra-firm transfer). Possible organizational and economic forms of the end result have been formed when used in machine-building enterprises of entreprenry and intrapreneurship. The basic prerequisites for the formation and use of integrated high technologies at machine-building enterprises, which most closely meet the economic and legal criteria of the transfer process. Such prerequisites, in particular, include: increase in the scientific and technological capacity, complication of engineering products, acceleration of scientific and technological progress, introduction of intellectual development in the production, increasing the level of market competition, etc. A detailed analysis of the current state of the domestic technological market has been carried out, and the main positive and negative factors have been identified, which most or not ensure the effectiveness of its functioning. It was found that the level of financial support for innovative activity in the country (0.3-0.4% of GDP) is not able to ensure the effectiveness of scientific research. Obstacles to the effective implementation of intra-company technology transfer at machinebuilding enterprises are identified and generalized. These include economic, scientific, technical, social and political obstacles

Intra-firm technology transfer as a factor of sustainable development of industrial enterprises

Technological processes of machine-building enterprises are quite specific, characteristic only for this sector and are virtually absent from all the others. In recent times, scientists and developers of technology products in the engineering industry increasingly focused on development of unconventional technologies, the possibility of the development of which is based on significant achievements in fundamental and applied research

Surface of metal as an indicator of fatigue damage

Advances in Military Technology, Vol. 8, No. 2, December 2013The possibility of fatigue damage analysis by the extrusion/intrusion structures on the surface of aluminium alloy is shown. Quantitative characteristics of the extrusion/intrusion structures and the methods for their monitoring are substantiated. Two approaches for fatigue analysis are presented: a) direct inspection of the aircraft components, b) application of fatigue sensors

Structure, optical, electrical and thermoelectric properties of solution-processed Li-doped NiO films grown by SILAR

The article presents a new facial synthesis of Li-doped NiO films (NiO:Li) via an easy and cost-effective method Successive Ionic Layer Adsorption and Reaction (SILAR) with the processing of the obtained NiO films in a lithium-containing aqueous solution for their transformation after annealing into NiO:Li layers. Comparative analysis of crystal structure, optical, electrical and thermoelectric properties of the obtained NiO and NiO:Li 420-1050 nm thick films have reveiled a cubic rock-salt NiO structure, at that, NiO:Li samples are nanocrystalline single phased Li-NiO solid solutions. The fabricated NiO and NiO:Li films are p-type semiconductors with activation energy Ea = 0.1 eV and Ea = 0.25‒0.31 eV, respectively. The obtained in-plane Seebeck coefficients Z are in the range 0.20–0.33 mV/К. Notwithstanding the fact that the maximum values of the thermoelectric power factors P=2.2 μW/K2·m, are rather small, they were achieved if the hot end of the NiO:Li film was heated only to 115 °C. Thus, the produced in this work new low cost thermoelectric thin film material is suitable for a production of electrical energy for low-power devices due to absorption of low-potential heat

Antioksidativna aktivnost metanolskog ekstrakta lista biljke Saxifraga Rotundifolia L.

The aim of this study was to investigate the potential antioxidant activity of the methanol leaf extract of Saxifraga rotundifolia L., depending on the total quantity of phenols, flavonoids and flavonol. The tested extracts showed high phenolic content (324.39 mg GA/g) and small amounts of flavonoids (36.81 mg RU/g) and flavonols (11.52 mg RU/g). The antioxidant activity was determined by a series of in vitro methods. The tested extracts showed high level of total antioxidant activity (509.78 mg AA/g), and high degree of ABTS+ and DPPH "scavenger" activity with IC50 value of 48.76 μg/mL for ABTS+ method and 30.39 μg/mL for DPPH method. The results indicate that the tested extract has significant antioxidant activity and can be a source of natural antioxidants.Cilj rada je bio da se ispita potencijalna antioksidativna aktivnost metanolskog ekstrakta lista biljke Saxifraga rotundifolia L. u zavisnosti od ukupne količine fenola, flavonoida i flavonola. Ispitivani ekstrakt pokazao je visok sadržaj fenola (324,39 mg GA/g) i manje količine flavonoida (36,81 mg RU/g) i flavonola (11,52 mg RU/g). Antioksidativna aktivnost određena je serijom in vitro metoda. Ispitivani ekstrakt pokazuje visok nivo ukupne antioksidativne aktivnosti (509,78 mg AA/g), kao i visok stepen АBTS+. i DPPH ,,skevindžer“ aktivnosti sa IC50 vrednošću od 48,76 μg/mL za ABTS+. i 30,39 μg/mL za DPPH metodu. Dobijeni rezultati ukazuju da ispitivani ekstrakt poseduje značajnu antioksidativnu aktivnost i može biti izvor prirodnih antioksidanata

Surface of metal as an indicator of fatigue damage

Advances in Military Technology, Vol. 8, No. 2, December 2013The possibility of fatigue damage analysis by the extrusion/intrusion structures on the surface of aluminium alloy is shown. Quantitative characteristics of the extrusion/intrusion structures and the methods for their monitoring are substantiated. Two approaches for fatigue analysis are presented: a) direct inspection of the aircraft components, b) application of fatigue sensors

Stabilnost ekstrakta korena suručice i efekat na sprečavanje lipidne oksidacije u mesu

Nowadays, consumers are demanding more natural foods, obliging the industry to include natural antioxidants in foods and synthetic antioxidants have been rejected because of their carcinogenicity. Natural antioxidants have been used instead of synthetic to retard lipid oxidation in foods to improve their quality and nutritional value. The aim of this work was to evaluate pH and termal stability, and effect on lipid oxidation in meat-model system of methanolic extract of Filipendula hexapetala Gilib. Results suggest that the stability of the extract is expressed in a variety of pH and thermal conditions. The root extract of F. hexapetala exerted a concentration-dependent antioxidant activity in a meat model system, lower than synthetic antioxidant BHT.Danas je u ishrani zastupljen veliki broj prirodnih proizvoda, tako da prehrambena industrija sve više koristi prirodne antioksidante, a sintetički antioksidanti se izbacuju iz upotrebe zbog njihove kancerogenosti. Prirodni antioksidanti se koriste umesto sintetičkih da uspore oksidaciju lipida, poboljšaju kvalitet i nutritivnu vrednost namirnica. Cilj ovog rada bio je određivanje pH i termalne stabilnosti, kao i efekta na lipidnu oksidaciju u mesu metanolskog ekstrakta korena biljke Filipendula hexapetala Gilib. Rezultati ukazuju da je stabilnost ekstrakta izražena u različitim pH i termalnim uslovima. Ekstrakt korena F. hexapetala pokazao je koncentraciono-zavisnu antioksidativnu aktivnost u meso model-sistemu, nešto nižu u odnosu na sintetički antioksidant BHT

Estimation of negative side effects caused by the corrosion preventive compounds

Представлено вимоги до процедури оцінювання негативних побічних ефектів, спричинених застосуванням антикорозійних сполук або інших поверхнево-активних речовин, які застосовуються в авіації. Показано, що негативний вплив на втому конструкцій літака має бути проаналізований на різних стадіях втоми та на різних масштабних рівнях. Розглянуто три аспекти загальної методології: вплив поверхнево-активних речовин на стадії зародження втомних тріщин, відомий як ефект Ребіндера; вплив поверхнево-активних речовин на швидкість розповсюдження втомних тріщин; зменшення втомної довговічності заклепкових з’єднань як результат зменшення сил тертя між листами обшивки. Показано, що всі ці підходи можуть бути об’єднані в одну загальну методологію сертифікації антикорозійних сполук.Summary The paper presents requirements to procedure of examination of negative side effects caused by the corrosion preventive compounds or any surfactants used in aviation. It is shown that the negative influence on the fatigue of aircraft components should be analyzed on different stages of fatigue and at different scale level. Three aspects of the general methodology are discussed: influence of surfactants on initial stage of fatigue, known as the Rebinder effect, influence of the surfactants on crack propagation, and reduction of fatigue life of riveted joints as result of the reduction of friction between the sheets of skin. It is shown that all three approaches must be combined in one generalized methodology for the certification of corrosion preventive compounds