Analisis Laju Reaksi Neutron dalam Sel Bahan Bakar U-Pu-N pada Reaktor Cepat

ANALISIS LAJU REAKSI NEUTRON DALAM SEL BAHAN BAKAR U-Pu-N PADA REAKTOR CEPAT ABSTRAK Analisis laju reaksi neutron dalam sel bahan bakar nuklir pada reaktor cepat sangat penting dilakukan karena laju reaksi fisi, serapan dan total yang merata dapat mengurangi pemuncakan daya (power peaking) yang tidak diinginkan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode collision probability (CP) dengan pendekatan flat flux yang melibatkan proses homogenisasi sel bahan bakar nuklir. Dari hasil homogenisasi sel dapat diperoleh distribusi fluks neutron sebagai fungsi energi grup. Selanjutnya dihitung laju reaksi fisi, serapan dan total pada setiap region sel. Laju reaksi fisi mengalami penurunan di daerah energi tinggi akibat adanya peristiwa tumbukan elastik yang menyebabkan neutron lebih mudah kehilangan energi, laju reaksi serapan berfluktuasi pada bahan bakar, sedangkan pada kelongsong dan pendingin nilainya sangat rendah yaitu kurang dari 5x〖10〗^(-4) reaksi/cm3s. Laju reaksi total mempunyai nilai yang tinggi pada daerah energi tinggi yaitu rentang antara 5x〖10〗^(-3) sampai dengan 2x〖10〗^(-2) reaksi/cm3s sedangkan pada daerah energi rendah nilainya sangat kecil yaitu kurang dari 5x〖10〗^(-3) reaksi/cm3s. Laju reaksi baik laju reaksi fisi, serapan maupun total mengalami peningkatan saat suhu reaksi ditingkatkan. Peningkatan ini terjadi karena adanya efek Doppler akibat berubahnya tampang lintang makroskopik karena dipengaruhi oleh suhu reaksi. Kata kunci : fluks neutron, laju reaksi, reaktor cepa

EFEKTIFITAS TEKNIK PAPER SEMINAR UNTUK MENGAJAR MENULIS DITINJAU DARI AKTUALISASI DIRI MAHASISWA

Orientation: Using technique in teaching is used to improve students' cerativity and ability in writing that help students in process of prewriting, writing, editing phase, revising, and evaluatin. Researcher tried to campare in using teaching technique based on students' self-actualization. Research purpose: This research is aimed at finding out whether: (1) Paper Seminar technique is moreeffective than Peer Editing Technique to teach writing skill; (2) the students having high selfactualization have better writing skill than those having low self-actualization; and (3) there is an interaction between teaching techniques and students' self-actualization in teaching writing to the third semester students of English Department, IKIP PGRI Madiun in the academic year of 2013/2014.Research design: The research method was an experimental study. The researcher used cluster random sampling to get the sample. There were two classes used as sample. One class consisted of 30 students who were experimental class taught by Paper Seminar technique and the other 30 students were as control class taught by Peer Editing technique. The instruments of collecting data are writing test and questionnaire. The data were analyzed by using multifactor analysis of variance 2x2. Then, it was analyzed by using Tukey test. Main Finding: The research findings show that: (1) Paper Seminartechnique is more effective than Peer Editing technique; (2) The students having high selfactualization have better writing skill than those having low self-actualization; and (3) There is an interaction between teaching techniques and students' self-actualization in teaching writing. Based on the research findings, in general it can be concluded that Paper Seminar technique is an effectivetechnique to teach writing. Therefore, the teacher is suggested to apply Paper Seminar technique for teaching writing

Analisis Laju Reaksi Neutron Dalam Sel Bahan Bakar Nuklir Pada Reaktor Cepat

Analisis laju reaksi neutron dalam sel bahan bakar nuklir pada reaktor cepat sangat penting dilakukan, karena laju reaksi fisi, serapan dan total yang merata dapat mengurangi pemuncakan daya (power peaking) yang tidak diinginkan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode collision probability (CP) dengan pendekatan flat flux yang melibatkan proses homogenisasi sel bahan bakar nuklir. Dari hasil homogenisasi sel dapat diperoleh distribusi fluks neutron sebagai fungsi energi grup. Selanjutnya dihitung laju reaksi fisi, serapan dan total pada setiap region sel. Laju reaksi fisi mengalami penurunan di daerah energi tinggi akibat adanya peristiwa tumbukan elastik yang menyebabkan neutron lebih mudah kehilangan energy. Laju reaksi serapan berfluktuasi pada bahan bakar, sedangkan pada kelongsong dan pendingin nilainya sangat rendah yaitu kurang dari reaksi/cm3s. Laju reaksi total mempunyai nilai yang tinggi pada daerah energi tinggi yaitu rentang antara   sampai dengan  reaksi/cm3s sedangkan pada daerah energi rendah nilainya sangat kecil yaitu kurang dari  reaksi/cm3s. Kata kunci : fluks neutron, laju reaksi, reaktor cepa

Peranan Kepala Distrik dalam Implementasi Kebijakan Otonomi Daerah di Distrikayamaru Utara Kabupaten Maybrat Propinsi Papua Barat

Situation of subdistrick head, and Implementation distraction of autonomy territorydifferent with another unit territory,because besides to take care of govermant publicassignment,subdistirc head also have assignment to handle autonomy territory affair to service societythat abundance by regent, Because subdistrict hend hold in importtantPart inside implementation autonomy territory at subdistrict.purpose of researth is find aut howimplementation autonomy territory at district Ayamaru Utara.Research method that use is qualitative.Method informant in this research as many astenperson whith taken from district government (for person)department upt/agensing territory (twoperson),head village (two person) BPD hend and LPM ( two person). Data accumulation that use byresearcher is interview technique.This qualitative analysis technique and interactive analysis methodtook from Miles and hubermen.Research contlusion result, base on ( 1 ) distict head to manage (activate,motivation,to build upand control) a potencial apparntur resourth and implantation an autonomy territory framework atdistrict Ayamaru Utara. ( 2 ) district head inside coordinatinggoverment work unit territory at regionwork district (UPT ) inside implementation framework of autonomy territory that already done whitgood enough however not give optimal result yet.Contlusion result base on researth so (1 ) district head of Ayamaru Utara inside to ménagepotential human resourch. Condition resourch whit subdistrict government of Ayamaru Utara whichgeneral still less/not enough so district head must be able and have a role inside to ménage potentialhuman resoutch apparatur. ( 2 ) district head inside Coordinating government unit work at workterritory of district Ayamaru Utara also be able to effective in coordinating meeting and consultancymeeting at district level.

Effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor and angiotensin receptor blocker initiation on organ support-free days in patients hospitalized with COVID-19

IMPORTANCE Overactivation of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) may contribute to poor clinical outcomes in patients with COVID-19. Objective To determine whether angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor or angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) initiation improves outcomes in patients hospitalized for COVID-19. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS In an ongoing, adaptive platform randomized clinical trial, 721 critically ill and 58 non–critically ill hospitalized adults were randomized to receive an RAS inhibitor or control between March 16, 2021, and February 25, 2022, at 69 sites in 7 countries (final follow-up on June 1, 2022). INTERVENTIONS Patients were randomized to receive open-label initiation of an ACE inhibitor (n = 257), ARB (n = 248), ARB in combination with DMX-200 (a chemokine receptor-2 inhibitor; n = 10), or no RAS inhibitor (control; n = 264) for up to 10 days. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES The primary outcome was organ support–free days, a composite of hospital survival and days alive without cardiovascular or respiratory organ support through 21 days. The primary analysis was a bayesian cumulative logistic model. Odds ratios (ORs) greater than 1 represent improved outcomes. RESULTS On February 25, 2022, enrollment was discontinued due to safety concerns. Among 679 critically ill patients with available primary outcome data, the median age was 56 years and 239 participants (35.2%) were women. Median (IQR) organ support–free days among critically ill patients was 10 (–1 to 16) in the ACE inhibitor group (n = 231), 8 (–1 to 17) in the ARB group (n = 217), and 12 (0 to 17) in the control group (n = 231) (median adjusted odds ratios of 0.77 [95% bayesian credible interval, 0.58-1.06] for improvement for ACE inhibitor and 0.76 [95% credible interval, 0.56-1.05] for ARB compared with control). The posterior probabilities that ACE inhibitors and ARBs worsened organ support–free days compared with control were 94.9% and 95.4%, respectively. Hospital survival occurred in 166 of 231 critically ill participants (71.9%) in the ACE inhibitor group, 152 of 217 (70.0%) in the ARB group, and 182 of 231 (78.8%) in the control group (posterior probabilities that ACE inhibitor and ARB worsened hospital survival compared with control were 95.3% and 98.1%, respectively). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE In this trial, among critically ill adults with COVID-19, initiation of an ACE inhibitor or ARB did not improve, and likely worsened, clinical outcomes. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT0273570

PENGARUH EKSTRAK AIR DAUN BABANDOTAN (Ageratum conyzoides) TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN TANAMAN CABAI MERAH (Capsicum annuum L.)

Babandotan (Ageratum conyzoides) mengandung senyawa alelopati yang mampu menghambat pertumbuhan tanaman. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui apakah ekstrak air daun Ageratum conyzoides mempengaruhi pertumbuhan tanaman cabai merah (Capsicum annuum L.) Penelitian ini dilaksanakan bulan Juni sampai Juli 2016 di Laboratorium Fisiologi Tumbuhan, Jurusan Biologi, Universitas Lampung. Variabel dalam penelitian ini adalah  tinggi, berat segar, berat kering, kadar air relatif, dan kandungan klorofil total tanaman cabai merah, sedangkan sebagai parameter adalah nilai tengah semua variabel. Penelitian dilakukan dalam rancangan acak lengkap dengan faktor utama adalah ekstrak air daun babandotan dengan 5 taraf konsentrasi yaitu 0% v/v (kontrol),  25% v/v, 50% v/v,  75% v/v, 100% v/v. Analisis ragam dan uji BNT dilakukan pada taraf  nyata 5 %. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa ekstrak air daun babandotan menurunkan secara nyata tinggi tanaman (y= -0.022x + 10.12  R2=0.706), berat segar tanaman (y= -0.184x + 34.49  R2=0.932), berat kering tanaman (y= -0.14x + 21.09  R2=0.819), namun meningkatkan kadar air relatif (y= -0.136x + 39.26  R2=0.410). Tidak ada efek ekstrak air daun babandotan terhadap kandungan klorofil total. Dari hasil penelitian disimpulkan bahwa ekstrak air daun babandotan bersifat alelopati terhadap tanaman cabai merah yaitu menghambat pertumbuhan tanaman cabai merah

Evaluasi Program Pemantauan Ibu Hamil Risiko Tinggi Terkait Kerjasama Dinas Kesehatan dengan Institusi Pendidikan Kebidanan di Kota Semarang

Universitas Diponegoro Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat Program Studi Magister Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat Konsentrasi Kesehatan Ibu dan Anak 2015 ABSTRAK Reni Oktavia Sari Evaluasi Program Pemantauan Ibu Hamil Risiko Tinggi Terkait Kerjasama Dinas Kesehatan dengan Institusi Pendidikan Kebidanan di Kota Semarang xiv + 65 halaman + 2 tabel + 3 gambar + 12 lampiran Dalam rangka menurunkan AKI, Dinas Kesehatan Kota Semarang melakukan kerjasama dengan institusi kebidanan untuk melakukan pemantauan ibu hamil risiko tinggi di seluruh wilayah Puskesmas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi pelaksanaan program pemantauan ibu hamil risiko tinggi terkait kerjasama Dinas Kesehatan dengan Institusi Pendidikan Kebidanan yang meliputi aspek input, proses, output. Jenis penelitian ini adalah kualitatif. Pengumpulan data dengan wawancara mendalam dan Focus Group Discussion. Informan utama dalam penelitian ini adalah bidan koordinator Puskesmas Karangayu dan Gunungpati, mahasiswa dari STIKES Telogorejo dan Akbid Abdi Husada dan bumil risti dari wilayah puskesmas Karangayu dan Gunungpati. Informan triangulasi adalah dosen koordinator institusi kebidanan dan staf kesga DKK. Pengolahan data dengan metode analisis isi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan dari aspek input, Sumber Daya Manusia yang melakukan kegiatan sudah sesuai dengan petunjuk, sarana prasarana dan pendanaan dirasakan masih kurang dan terbatas. Dari aspek process, pelaksanaan dilakukan sesuai rencana tetapi menemui beberapa kendala diantaranya alamat yang tidak jelas dan monitoring dilakukan oleh tim DKK setiap 3 bulan. Dari aspek output, semua bumil risti di lapangan terpantau seluruhnya namun sebagian dari bumil risti tersebut pada saat melahirkan di luar kota Semarang karena kembali ke kampung halaman. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan bagi DKK Semarang untuk mengalokasikan dana ke seluruh implementor. Bagi institusi kebidanan disarankan agar lebih mengaktifkan dosen dan mengintegrasikan kegiatan di dalam kurikulum. Kata kunci : pemantauan, ibu hamil risiko tinggi, bidan, evaluasi Referensi : 47 (1993-2014) Diponegoro University Faculty of Public Health Master’s Study Program in Public Health Majoring in Maternal and Child Health 2015 ABSTRACT Reni Oktavia Sari Program Evaluation of Monitoring High-Risk Pregnant Women Relating to Collaboration between Health Office and Institutions of Midwifery Education in Semarang City xiv + 65 pages + 2 tables + 3 figures + 12 appendices To decrease maternal mortality rate (MMR), Semarang City Health Office (CHO) made collaboration with institutions of midwifery education to monitor high-risk pregnant women at work areas of all health centres. The aim of this study was to evaluate the implementation of monitoring program of high-risk pregnant women relating to collaboration between Health Office and Institutions of Midwifery Education which consisted of aspects of input, process, and output. This was a qualitative study. Data were collected by conducting indepth interview and Focus Group Discussion. Main informants consisted of coordinator midwives at Karangayu and Gunungpati health centres, students from STIKES Telogorejo and Akbid Abdi Husada, and high-risk pregnant women at work areas of these two selected health centres. Informants for triangulation purpose consisted of coordinator lecturers of midwifery institutions and staff of family health section at Semarang CHO. Data were analysed using content analysis. The results of this research showed that regarding input aspects, involved human resource was in accordance with a guideline. There was a lack of facilities and funds. Regarding process aspects, the implementation was in accordance with a plan but there were some obstacles. For example, some addresses were not clear and monitoring activities were conducted by a CHO team every three month. Regarding output aspects, all high-risk pregnant women had been well monitored. Notwithstanding, some those pregnant women did delivery process outside Semarang City because they went back to their hometowns. Semarang CHO needs to allocate budget for all implementers. Institutions of Midwifery Education need to involve their lecturers and integrate the activities with curriculum. Keywords : Monitoring, High-Risk Pregnant Women, Midwife, Evaluation Bibliography: 47 (1993-2014

Asesmen Kebutuhan Pertumbuhan Dan Perkembangan Anak Usia Dini di Kecamatan Bukitraya Kota Pekanbaru

Kenyataan di lapangan banyak guru yang belum bisa melakukan pengukuran pertumbuhan anak dan mengidentifikasi masalah perkembangan anak dengan baik dan benar di kecamatan Bukitraya. Workshop ini diharapkan dapat memberikan pengetahuan dan praktek langsung melakukan asessmen pertumbuhan dan perkembangan anak, sehingga diharapkan anak yang teridentifikasi mengalami masalah dalam tumbuh kembang dapat ditangani sejak dini. Metode yang digunakan dalam kegiatan ini adalah metode ceramah dan praktikum. Berdasarkan kegiatan workshop yang telah dilakukan selama satu hari dan dilanjutkan dengan pendampingan Asesmen ke sekolah kunjungan, didapatkan hasil guru lebih antusias dan mampu mengidentifikasi anak yang mengalami masalah tumbuh kembang. Guru menjadi lebih detail dalam mengukur tinggi dan berat badan anak sesuai ketentuan, mengetahui status gizi anak dengan lebih rinci berdasarkan usia tahun, bulan dan hari. Dari setiap masalah tumbuh kembang yang ditemukan, lembaga dapat berkoordinasi dan merujuk anak ke pihak terkait, seperti puskesmas, posyandu dan lain sebagainya. Dengan demikian diharapkan selalu terjadi penurunan masalah gizi buruk dan tumbuh kembang ana