PREVENCIÓN DE ADICCIONES EN EL MUNICIPIO DE ZINACANTEPEC ESTADO DE MÉXICO EN EL PERIODO AGOSTO 2016-JULIO 2017

El presente trabajo de investigación se fundamenta en la metodología de Trabajo Social Comunitario cuyo objetivo fue detectar la problemática de adicciones y conocer los elementos de dicho fenómeno dentro del contexto familiar, escolar y social del municipio de Zinacantepec, Estado de México, México, a fin de generar estrategias encaminadas a la prevención, trabajando con la comunidad escolar. Para ello, es importante una investigación en las comunidades que conforman el municipio respecto los factores que inciden en este fenómeno, generando un diagnóstico que permitió diseñar proyectos que beneficien a la integración, dinámica familiar, el desarrollo y crecimiento de las comunidades. Se investigó para conocer las problemáticas del municipio, tomando en cuenta variables como la familia, lo social y lo escolar desde el nivel preventivo, siendo así el que se haya tomado el nivel básico (preescolar y primaria) de las siguientes comunidades: Contadero, Tejalpa, Loma De San Francisco, Santa María Del Monte, Coporo, San Miguel y San Juan de las Huertas. Posterior al diagnóstico se realizó un análisis de la información obtenida arrojando cuales serían parte de los proyectos a aplicar y bajo qué ejes se manejarían los talleres. Se obtuvieron resultados positivos de la investigación, jerarquizándose las principales problemáticas para desarrollar estrategias en las que se dio participación, experiencias personales, soluciones que se habían implementado al momento y la visualización de aplicar los conocimientos, al concluir la intervención, se realizó la sistematización de la experiencia que nos permitió identificar aciertos y aspectos que mejorar

Reducing Aggression by Developing Emotional and Inhibitory Control

The objective of this study is to measure the effectiveness of a program on improving inhibitory and emotional control among children. In addition, it is assessed whether the improvement of these skills has an effect on the reduction of aggressive behavior in pre-school children. The participants were 100 children, 50 belonging to the control group and 50 to the experimental group, aged between 5 and 6 years. Pre-intervention and post-intervention measures of inhibitory and emotional control (BRIEF-P) and aggression (BASC) were taken. A Generalized Linear Mixed Model analysis (GLMM) was performed and found that children in the experimental group scored higher on inhibitory and emotional control compared to their peers in the control group. In addition, these improvements have an effect on the decrease in aggressiveness. In conclusion, preventive research should have among its priorities the design of such program given their implications for psychosocial development

Yield and fruit quality response of sweet pepper genotypes grown under soilless cultivation

Total yield, physical, and phytochemical characterization of three yellow and five red-colored sweet pepper genotypes were analyzed under fully controlled environmental and irrigation conditions under soilless culture. Results showed both greater fruit firmness and pericarp thickness in the red-colored genotypes than in the yellow ones. However, no significant differences between these two colors were found for total yield, shape index and dry matter percentage. Additionally, peroxidase activity, total protein and total phenolic compounds were not modified according with the color of the genotype. With respect to the genotypes studied, ‘Cierva’, ‘A67’, ‘Traviatta’, ‘Cabezo’ and ‘Limona’ showed the highest yields in the “extra” fruit category whilst ‘Disco’ and ‘Zar’ showed the lowest. Additionally, ‘Cierva’ and ‘Cabezo’ showed higher protein concentration and peroxidase activity than any other genotype.This research was supported by the Fundación Séneca (Agencia Regional de Ciencia y Tecnología-Región de Murcia) via the project 00554/PI/0

Organizaciones supramoleculares de moléculas dendríticas con estructuras tipo "Bent-Core"

Resumen del póster presentado a la 6ª Jornada de Jóvenes Investigadores en Física y Química de Aragón celebrada en Zaragoza el 20 de noviembre de 2014.Beca de Colaboración del MEC y Beca de Iniciación a la Investigación del INA (A. M. B-S), Beca JAE-Predoc (M. M-A), Beca FPI (A. C.). Grupo de Cristales Líquidos y Polímeros: proyectos MAT2012-38538-CO3-01 y CTQ2012-35692 (MINECO-FEDER) y E04 (Gobierno de Aragón).Peer reviewe

Eating Behavior and Obesity in a Sample of Spanish Schoolchildren

From the point of view of prevention, it is convenient to explore the association between eating behavior and the obese phenotype during school and adolescent age. The aim of the present study was to identify eating behavior patterns associated with nutritional status in Spanish schoolchildren. A cross-sectional study of 283 boys and girls (aged 6 to 16 years) was carried out. The sample was evaluated anthropometrically by Body Mass Index (BMI), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) and body fat percentage (%BF). Eating behavior was analyzed using the CEBQ “Children’s Eating Behavior Questionnaire”. The subscales of the CEBQ were significantly associated with BMI, WHtR and %BF. Pro-intake subscales (enjoyment of food, food responsiveness, emotional overeating, desire for drinks) were positively related to excess weight by BMI (β = 0.812 to 0.869; p = 0.002 to <0.001), abdominal obesity (β = 0.543–0.640; p = 0.02 to <0.009) and high adiposity (β = 0.508 to 0.595; p = 0.037 to 0.01). Anti-intake subscales (satiety responsiveness, slowness in eating, food fussiness) were negatively related to BMI (β = −0.661 to −0.719; p = 0.009 to 0.006) and % BF (β = −0.17 to −0.46; p = 0.042 to p = 0.016).Depto. de Biodiversidad, Ecología y EvoluciónFac. de Ciencias BiológicasTRUEBANCO DE SANTANDERpu

Sensitivity and Specificity of the Newborn Infant Parasympathetic Evaluation Index in Pain Assessment of Very Low Birth Weight Infants

Objective This article describes the results of a study investigating the sensitivity and specificity of the Newborn Infant Parasympathetic Evaluation (NIPE) index for detecting the physiological changes resulting from nociception in painful procedures in very low birth weight (VLBW) infants. Study Design A prospective observational study was carried on of 44 newborns at 23 to 32 weeks' gestational age. The sensitivity and specificity of the NIPE index are analyzed using a receiver operating characteristic curve. Most of the painful procedures performed were skin-lancing and venipunctures. Nonpainful procedures consist of no intervention, with an interval of at least 1 hour with painful procedures in each newborn. Results The accuracy of the NIPE index to diagnose mild nociceptive stimulation in VLBW newborns is 73.2%. Conclusion The NIPE index is a useful technique for assessing nociceptive stimulation in newborns, presenting less observer-dependent variability than other pain assessment scales

Dietary Behavior of Spanish Schoolchildren in Relation to the Polygenic Risk of Obesity

Several precedents support an association between single nucleotide genetic polymorphisms (SNPs), the obese phenotype, and eating behavior in the infant-juvenile population. This study aims to study this aspect in depth, analyzing the eating behavior of a sample of schoolchildren from Madrid in regard to their genetic predisposition to obesity. A total of 258 schoolchildren, aged 6 to 16 years, were evaluated through the Children’s Eating Behaviour Questionnaire (CEBQ) and the genotyping of 32 SNPs. Associations were observed between the total genetic risk score and eating behaviors related to emotional eating and food responsiveness. Individually, different SNPs were associated with eating behaviors, primarily those related to pro-eating behaviors or increased risk of developing obesity. However, diverse results are obtained, depending on the SNP. These results highlighted the strongest associations between the rs1801725 SNP risk allele (CASR) and increased enjoyment of food by 1846-fold. Likewise, the satiety response was associated with SNP rs11676272 (ADCY3) 2.39 and SNP rs7566605 (INSIG2), increasing this response by 2.39 and 1.63 times, respectively. Emotional anti-ingesting behaviors were inversely associated with SNP rs1421085 (FTO) and SNP rs987237 (TFAP2B). In contrast, SNP rs55915917 (CRHR1) increased the risk of these behaviors. SNPs rs4788099 (SH2B1), rs6857 (NECTIN2), and rs180172 (ADCY3) were associated with slow feeding. In conclusion, associations were found between most of the analyzed SNPs and the CEBQ items. This suggests that feeding behavior exists as a mediator between genotype and obesity phenotype, beginning in childhoodThis research was funded by Project PR41/17_21008 BANCO DE SANTANDE

Establecimiento de las variables predictivas de malignidad en la patología nodular tiroidea

INTRODUCCIÓN La prevalencia de nódulos tiroideos es elevada, un bajo porcentaje de ellos serán malignos. Además, el cáncer tiroideo tiene un excelente pronóstico y una evolución favorable en la mayor parte de los casos. El problema real radica en que determinar cuales de los nódulos objetivados por las técnicas de imagen como la ecografía tiroidea requieren de intervención diagnóstica y terapéutica, dado que la mayor parte de los nódulos detectados carecerán de relevancia clínica. Por lo tanto, nos encontramos ante una situación en la que es primordial establecer estrategias adecuadas para realizar un diagnóstico adecuado de malignidad y de este modo evitar intervenciones diagnósticas y quirúrgicas innecesarias para los pacientes. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS Se definió un estudio para el estudio de las variables predictoras de cáncer de tiroides. Para ello se diseñó un estudio retrospectivo en el que se incluyeron a pacientes de un hospital universitario a los que se les había realizado una tiroidectomía total o lobectomía entre los años 2000 y 2010 y al menos una PAAF tiroidea preoperatoria. En segundo lugar, se definió un estudio para determinar las variables predictoras de dosis sustitutiva de hormona tiroidea. Para ello se elaboró un estudio transversal en el que se incluyeron a todos aquellos pacientes a los que se les había realizado una tiroidectomía total por enfermedad tiroidea no maligna y se encontraban en dosis sustitutiva de hormona tiroidea adecuada, establecido por los valores de TSH. RESULTADOS Y CONCLUSIONES 1. La PAAF es la herramienta predictiva más potente del riesgo de malignidad. En nuestro estudio la prevalencia de PAAF no diagnóstica fue adecuada pero fue excesivo el porcentaje de PAAF categorizadas como lesión folicular. 2. En el resultado de la PAAF con lesión AUS/FLUS o neoplasia folicular, los riesgos de malignidad en nuestra serie fueron respectivamente del 15,6 y 33,3%, mientras que en la PAAF no diagnóstica fue del 12,5%. Estos datos son semejantes a lo descrito en la literatura. Sería útil poder disponer de herramientas en estos escenarios que perfilasen mejor el riesgo real de malignidad. 3. La normas de decisión para intervenir basadas exclusivamente en la PAAF pueden ajustarse con el objetivo de mejorar la sensibilidad o la especificidad. La máxima sensibilidad se obtiene interviniendo las PAAF no diagnósticas y aquellas con resultados de lesión folicular, neoplasia folicular y sugerente de malignidad. 4. Las cifras de TSH por encima de la mediana en nuestro estudio incrementaban significativamente el riesgo de malignidad. Este efecto no era mediado por la presencia de enfermedad tiroidea autoinmune. 5. La información de la TSH, añadida al resultado de la PAAF, mejoraba la capacidad discriminante sobre el riesgo de malignidad evaluado tanto por curvas ROC como por IDI. La TSH podría usarse como un elemento adicional de apoyo, junto con el resto de los datos clínicos, ecográficos y citológicos, en la toma de decisión de realizar una intervención quirúrgica. 6. En pacientes tiroidectomizados es posible mejorar el ajuste inicial de la dosis de hormona tiroidea mediante una fórmula que tenga en cuenta la edad y el peso corporal

β2-Adrenoceptors and GRK2 as Potential Biomarkers in Patients With Chronic Pulmonary Regurgitation

Pulmonary regurgitation (PR) is a frequent complication after repair of congenital heart disease. Three different GRK isoforms (GRK2, GRK5, and GRK3) and two β-adrenoceptors (β1-AR and β2-AR) are present in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and their expression changes as a consequence of the hemodynamic and neurohumoral alterations that occur in some cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, they could be useful as biomarkers in PR. A prospective study was conducted to describe the expression (TaqMan Gene Expression Assays) of β-ARs and GRKs in PBMC isolated (Ficoll® gradient) from patients with severe PR before and after pulmonary valve replacement and establish if this expression correlates to clinical status. 23 patients with severe PR were included and compared with 22 healthy volunteers (controls). PR patients before the PVR had a significantly lower expression of β2-AR (513.8 ± 261.2 mRNA copies) vs. controls (812.5 ± 497.2 mRNA copies), so as GRK2 expression (503.4 ± 364.9 copies vs. 858.1 ± 380.3 mRNA copies). The expression of β2-AR and GRK2 significantly decreases in symptomatic and asymptomatic patients, as well as in patients under treatment with beta-blockers and non-treated patients. The expression of β2-AR and GRK2 in PR patients recovers the normal values after pulmonary valve replacement (754,8 ± 77,1 and 897,8 ± 87,4 copies, respectively). Therefore, changes in the expression of β2-AR and GRK2 in PBMC of PR patients, could be considered as potential biomarkers to determine clinical decisions.This study has been supported by a research grant from the Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness of Spain (SAF2013-45362-R).S

OmniPaper : acceso inteligente a periódicos europeos

El proyecto OmniPaper (proyecto IST-2001-32174, www.omnipaper.org) pretende ofrecer un medio de acceso personalizado y unificado a las noticias de periódicos europeos. Para facilitar el acceso a los artículos se combina la navegación por una taxonomía multilingüe de temas con búsquedas a texto completo y otras técnicas que incluyen el manejo de metadatos.The aim of the OmniPaper project (IST-2001-32174, www.omnipaper.org) is to offer a personalized and standarized interface to the articles of European newspapers. In order to improve this access, the browsing through a multilingual taxonomy of subjects is combined with full-text searching and other techniques which involve metadata handling