Argyrolobium armindae (Leguminosae, Papilionoideae), una nueva especie canaria

Argyrolobium armindae Marrero Rodr. (Leguminosae, Papilionoideae) from Gran Canaria (Canary Islands, Spain) is here described. This is the first report of this genus, not only for Canary Islands but also for Macaronesia. The taxonomic relationships between Argyrolobium armindae and related species, habitat, ecology, biogeographical significance and conservation status are discussed.Se describe una nueva especie, Argyrolobium armindae Marrero Rodr. (Leguminosae, Papilionoideae), de Gran Canaria (Islas Canarias, España). Esta constituye la primera cita de este género no sólo para Canarias, sino también para el conjunto de Macaronesia. Se discuten las relaciones taxonómicas de Argyrolobium armindae con otras especies próximas, hábitat, ecología, significado biogeográfico y estado de conservación

Fostering Conservation via an Integrated Use of Conventional Approaches and High-Throughput SPET Genotyping: A Case Study Using the Endangered Canarian EndemicsSolanum lidiiandS. vespertilio (Solanaceae)

[EN] Islands provide unique opportunities to integrated research approaches to study evolution and conservation because boundaries are circumscribed, geological ages are often precise, and many taxa are greatly imperiled. We combined morphological and hybridization studies with high-throughput genotyping platforms to streamline relationships in the endangered monophyletic and highly diverse lineage ofSolanumin the Canarian archipelago, where three endemic taxa are currently recognized. Inter-taxa hybridizations were performed, and morphological expression was assessed with a common-garden approach. Using the eggplant Single Primer Enrichment Technology (SPET) platform with 5,093 probes, 74 individuals of three endemic taxa (Solanum lidii,S. vespertiliosubsp.vespertilio, andS. vespertiliosubsp.doramae) were sampled for SNPs. While morphological and breeding studies showed clear distinctions and some continuous variation, inter-taxon hybrids were fertile and heterotic for vigor traits. SPET genotyping revealed 1,421 high-quality SNPs and supported four, not three, distinct taxonomic entities associated with post-emergence geological, ecological and geographic factors of the islands. Given the lack of barriers to hybridization among all the taxa and their molecular differences, great care must be taken in population management. Conservation strategies must take account of the sexual and breeding systems and genotypic distribution among populations to successfully conserve and restore threatened/endangered island taxa, as exemplified bySolanumon the Canary Islands.This work was supported by funds from project DEMIURGO to the Jardin Botanico Canario "Viera y Clavijo" -Unidad Asociada al CSIC of the Cabildo de Gran Canaria. Consumables and genotyping were funded by the Jardin Botanico Canario "Viera y Clavijo" -Unidad Asociada al CSIC. Participation of authors from Universitat Politecnica de Valencia has been partially funded by the European Union's Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme under the Grant Agreement No. 677379 (G2P-SOL project: Linking genetic resources, genomes, and phenotypes of solanaceous crops). PG was grateful to Universitat Politecnica de Valencia and to Japan Society for the Promotion of Science for their respective Postdoctoral Grants [PAID-10-18 and FY2019-P19105 JSPS Postdoctoral Fellowship for Research in Japan (Standard)].Gramazio, P.; Jaén-Molina, R.; Vilanova Navarro, S.; Prohens Tomás, J.; Marrero, Á.; Caujapé-Castells, J.; Anderson, GJ. (2020). Fostering Conservation via an Integrated Use of Conventional Approaches and High-Throughput SPET Genotyping: A Case Study Using the Endangered Canarian EndemicsSolanum lidiiandS. vespertilio (Solanaceae). Frontiers in Plant Science. 11:1-17. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2020.00757S11711Ablay, G., & Hürlimann, M. (2000). 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Temporal and palaeoclimatic context of the evolution of insular woodiness in the Canary Islands

Insular woodiness (IW), referring to the evolutionary transition from herbaceousness toward woodiness on islands, has arisen more than 30 times on the Canary Islands (Atlantic Ocean). One of the IW hypotheses suggests that drought has been a major driver of wood formation, but we do not know in which palaeoclimatic conditions the insular woody lineages originated. Therefore, we provided an updated review on the presence of IW on the Canaries, reviewed the palaeoclimate, and estimated the timing of origin of woodiness of 24 insular woody lineages that represent a large majority of the insular woody species diversity on the Canaries. Our single, broad‐scale dating analysis shows that woodiness in 60%–65% of the insular woody lineages studied originated within the last 3.2 Myr, during which Mediterranean seasonality (yearly summer droughts) became established on the Canaries. Consequently, our results are consistent with palaeoclimatic aridification as a potential driver of woodiness in a considerable proportion of the insular woody Canary Island lineages. However, the observed pattern between insular woodiness and palaeodrought during the last couple of million years could potentially have emerged as a result of the typically young age of the native insular flora, characterized by a high turnover

<i>Crambe tamadabensis (Brassicaceae, Brassiceae)</i>, una nueva especie para Gran Canaria (Islas Canarias, España)

A new species of <i>Crambe</i> from the Canary Islands is described. The ecological characteristics of its habitat, as well as an identification key including cióse related species are provided. The main morphological features of the new species are illustrated.<br><br>Se describe una nueva especie de <i>Crambe</i> para las Islas Canarias. Se proporcionan las características ecológicas de su habitat, una clave para diferenciarla de las especies más relacionadas y se ilustran los principales caracteres morfológicos

Iconic, threatened, but largely unknown: Biogeography of the Macaronesian dragon trees (Dracaena spp.) as inferred from plastid DNA markers

The genus Dracaena in Macaronesia comprises two threatened species of arborescent monocots that are often associated with one of the most intriguing biogeographic disjunctions: the Rand Flora pattern. Molecular information is, however, largely missing for the Macaronesian Dracaena taxa (“MDT”, hereafter), and the biogeographic or population genetic patterns of this lineage have not yet been thoroughly assessed. To fill this gap, we generated plastid DNA sequence data of 14 Dracaena populations representing the entire natural distribution of MDT (including mainland Morocco and all recognized subspecies), 9 additional populations of subspontaneous origin, and a set of related species of the genus. We performed phylogenetic, biogeographic, and population genetic analyses at different spatial scales and conducted a comparative review on plant haplotype diversity in Macaronesian plants. The results of our phylogenetic analyses indicated the monophyly of the MDT and an origin separate from a clade of geographically distant species that so far were postulated as their closest living relatives (D. cinnabari, D. ombet, D. schizantha, D. serrulata). The results of our phylogeographic analyses indicated that diversification within D. draco occurred throughout the Pleistocene and that wild peripheral populations (Madeira, mainland Morocco) may have a recent origin from Canarian source populations. Recent dispersals, coupled with remarkably low levels of haplotype diversity, probably account for the weak phylogeographic signal observed across wild populations. However, our results suggested that human‐assisted expansion of Dracaena inflates the extant phylogeographic signal by non‐random translocation of a specific subset of haplotypes. Our study demonstrates that many of the previous biogeographic scenarios on MDT are not supported by molecular data. Instead, our results highlight (i) the impact that human activity may have on the phylogeographic pattern of island plants, and (ii) the need of a deeper taxonomic sampling in future investigations on MDT and close relatives.This research was funded by the European Regional Development Fund (Intereg projects CAVEGEN and ENCLAVES). JP was funded by the Marie Sklodowska‐Curie COFUND, Researchers’ Night and Individual Fellowships Global (MSCA grant agreement No 747238, “UNISLAND”’), and the Ramón y Cajal program (RYC‐2016‐20506). CG‐V was financially supported by a “Vicenç Mut” postdoctoral fellowship (Conselleria d'Innovació, Recerca i Turisme, Govern de les Illes Balears and the European Social Fund).Peer reviewe