CIRRHOSE ET GROSSESSE A PROPOS D’UN CAS

The occurrence of pregnancy on cirrhotic patient is rare because of hypo fertility in this disease. We report a case of a pregnancy in a 23 years old patient with a primitive biliary cirrhosis. We didn’t note any complication during pregnancy and labor. Maternal and fetal outcome was normal and the patient had a vaginal delivery. The point of other studies is reported to discuss of the complications of cirrhosis in pregnancy and delivery.La survenue d’une grossesse chez une patiente porteuse d’une cirrhose hépatique est une situation rare vu les répercussions de cette hépatopathie sur la fertilité. Nous rapportons un cas de cirrhose associée à la grossesse chez une parturiente âgée de 23 ans II G II P suivie depuis 6 ans pour cirrhose idiopathique. La grossesse s’est déroulée sans aucun incident de décompensation. Le bilan biologique était normal et l’accouchement, réalisé à terme par voie basse, a permis l’extraction d’un nouveau-né de sexe féminin, Apgar 10/10 pesant 3000g. Une revue de littérature discutant des différentes complications materno-fœtales et éclairantes la prise en charge au cours de la grossesse et de l’accouchement est également présentée

Impact of oil on bacterial community structure in bioturbated sediments

Oil spills threaten coastlines where biological processes supply essential ecosystem services. Therefore, it is crucial to understand how oil influences the microbial communities in sediments that play key roles in ecosystem functioning. Ecosystems such as sediments are characterized by intensive bioturbation due to burrowing macrofauna that may modify the microbial metabolisms. It is thus essential to consider the bioturbation when determining the impact of oil on microbial communities. In this study, an experimental laboratory device maintaining pristine collected mudflat sediments in microcosms closer to true environmental conditions - with tidal cycles and natural seawater - was used to simulate an oil spill under bioturbation conditions. Different conditions were applied to the microcosms including an addition of: standardized oil (Blend Arabian Light crude oil, 25.6 mg.g21 wet sediment), the common burrowing organism Hediste (Nereis) diversicolor and both the oil and H. diversicolor. The addition of H. diversicolor and its associated bioturbation did not affect the removal of petroleum hydrocarbons. After 270 days, 60% of hydrocarbons had been removed in all microcosms irrespective of the H. diversicolor addition. However, 16S-rRNA gene and 16S-cDNA T-RFLP and RT-PCR-amplicon libraries analysis showed an effect of the condition on the bacterial community structure, composition, and dynamics, supported by PerMANOVA analysis. The 16S-cDNA libraries from microcosms where H. diversicolor was added (oiled and un-oiled) showed a marked dominance of sequences related to Gammaproteobacteria. However, in the oiled-library sequences associated to Deltaproteobacteria and Bacteroidetes were also highly represented. The 16S-cDNA libraries from oiled-microcosms (with and without H. diversicolor addition) revealed two distinct microbial communities characterized by different phylotypes associated to known hydrocarbonoclastic bacteria and dominated by Gammaproteobacteria and Deltaproteobacteria. In the oiled-microcosms, the addition of H. diversicolor reduced the phylotype-richness, sequences associated to Actinobacteria, Firmicutes and Plantomycetes were not detected. These observations highlight the influence of the bioturbation on the bacterial community structure without affecting the biodegradation capacities

Energy Demand and Environmental Impact of Various Construction Scenarios of an Office Building in Morocco

International audienceThis paper assesses the thermal performance of an office building with an intermittent occupancy pattern, designed according to three construction scenarios. Annual simulations are carried out using TRNSYS software considering a Typical Meteorological Year (TMY) of six Moroccan cities referring to the representative zones of the recent Moroccan climatic zoning. The energetic and environmental performance of various passive energy efficiency measures are evaluated and discussed. The major finding of this work is that these energy measures can have a positive influence on reducing carbon footprint of the considered building. Annual loads can be reduced by about 20% in Agadir, 48% in Tangier, 53% in Fez 56% in Ifrane, 31% in Marrakech and 41% in Er-rachidia

A Numerical Analysis of Solid\textendashLiquid Phase Change Heat Transfer around a Horizontal Cylinder

International audienceA numerical study is conducted to analyze the melting process around a horizontal circular cylinder in the presence of the natural convection in the melt phase. Two boundary conditions are investigated one of constant wall temperature over the surface of the cylinder and the other of constant heat flux. A numerical code is developed using an unstructured finite-volume method and an enthalpy porosity technique to solve for natural convection coupled to solid-liquid phase change. The validity of the numerical code used is ascertained by comparing our results with previously published results. \textcopyright 2013 Elsevier Inc

Melting inside a Horizontal Cylindrical Capsule

International audienceThe role of natural convection on solid-liquid interface motion during constrained melting within a horizontal cylindrical capsule was investigated. A numerical code is developed using an unstructured finite-volume method and an enthalpy porosity technique to solve for natural convection coupled to solid-liquid phase change. Flow patterns for different Rayleigh numbers are presented. The resulting melt shapes and the temperature in the PCM provide conclusive evidence of the importance of natural convection on heat transfer in the melt region

Prokinéticines

International audienceGestational trophoblastic disease (MGT) includes a wide spectrum of pathologies of the placenta, ranging from benign precancerous lesions, with gestational trophoblastic tumors. Metastases are the leading causes of death as a result of this tumor. They represent a major problem for obstetrics and for the public health system. To date, there is no predictor of the progression of molar pregnancies to gestational trophoblastic tumor (GTT). Only an unfavorable plasma hCG monitoring after evacuation of hydatidiform mole is used to diagnose a TTG. The causes of the development of this cancer are still poorly understood. Increasing data in the literature suggests a close association between the development of this tumor and poor placental vascularization during the first trimester of pregnancy. The development of the human placenta depends on a coordination between the trophoblast and endothelial cells. A disruption in the expression of angiogenic factors could contribute to uterine or extra-uterine tissue invasion by extravillous trophoblast, contributing to the development of TTG. This review sheds lights on the phenomenon of angiogenesis during normal and abnormal placentation, especially during the MGT and reports preliminary finding concerning, the variability of expression of "Endocrine Gland-Derived Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor" (EG-VEGF), a specific placental angiogenic factor, in normal and molar placentas, and the potential role of differentiated expressions of the main placental angiogenic factors in the scalability of hydatidiform moles towards a recovery or towards the development of gestational trophoblastic tumor. Deciphering the mechanisms by which the angiogenic factor influences these processes will help understand the pathophysiology of MGT and to create opportunities for early diagnosis and treatment of the latter

Validation of diffuse correlation spectroscopy against 15O-water PET for regional cerebral blood flow measurement in neonatal piglets

Diffuse correlation spectroscopy (DCS) can non-invasively and continuously asses regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) at the cot-side by measuring a blood flow index (BFI) in non-traditional units of cm2/s. We have validated DCS against positron emission tomography using 15O-labeled water (15O-water PET) in a piglet model allowing us to derive a conversion formula for BFI to rCBF in conventional units (ml/100g/min). Neonatal piglets were continuously monitored by the BabyLux device integrating DCS and time resolved near infrared spectroscopy (TRS) while acquiring 15O-water PET scans at baseline, after injection of acetazolamide and during induced hypoxic episodes. BFI by DCS was highly correlated with rCBF (R = 0.94, p < 0.001) by PET. A scaling factor of 0.89 (limits of agreement for individual measurement: 0.56, 1.39)×109× (ml/100g/min)/(cm2/s) was used to derive baseline rCBF from baseline BFI measurements of another group of piglets and of healthy newborn infants showing an agreement with expected values. These results pave the way towards non-invasive, cot-side absolute CBF measurements by DCS on neonates