"Der Fremde Blick" – "ein fremdes Auge":Transmediale Inszenierung von Schrift und Bild in Herta Müllers Colagen

Der Artikel beschäftigt sich mit den in der Forschungsliteratur und der breiten Öffentlichkeit bisher kaum beachteten Bild-Text-Collagen Herta Müllers. Konkret erfolgt nach einer kurzen Einführung in Herta Müllers Werkcharakter und einer medialen und strukturellen Verortung der Bild-Text-Collagen eine Analyse der lyrischen und formalen Gestaltung des Textes, der medialen Inszenierung der Schriftelemente und der Bild-Text-Korrelationen am Beispiel der Bild-Text-Collagen des aktuellsten Collage-Bandes »Die blassen Herren mit den Mokkatassen« (2005). Die Strategie der Fremdheit, die Herta Müllers prosaische Werke durchziehen, erfährt in den Bild-Text-Collagen eine Zuspitzung und mediale Komponente

Inflationary Hubble Parameter from the Gravitational Wave Spectrum in the General Slow-roll Approximation

Improved general slow-roll formulae giving the primordial gravitational wave spectrum are derived in the present work. Also the first and second order general slow-roll inverse formulae giving the Hubble parameter $H$ in terms of the gravitational wave spectrum are derived. Moreover, the general slow-roll consistency condition relating the scalar and tensor spectra is obtained

Literacy and Livelihood of Women Migrant Construction Workers: An Analytical Study

Migration is a demographic process that has been chronicled across world history. Even though various reasons have accelerated this process over the years, the dominant trend in internal migration during the 20th century has been the movement from rural to urban areas. The casual and unskilled workers who shift from one region to another, offering their services on a temporary or seasonal basis are considered migrant labourers. The 21st century has witnessed problems related to migration intensifying. Migrant labourers face hostility from local populations posing a great challenge for governments to maintain the welfare of these people. Unfavorable social, economic, and cultural conditions make their lives even worse. As a result, migrant workers are frequently deprived of their basic rights and benefits which they otherwise deserve. This results in mass exploitation of the migrant community. Hence, the present study explores the problems and challenges faced by migrant construction workers, specifically women, and their impact on various aspects of their lives. The study has been conducted among 200 women migrant construction workers in North Bangalore as per the convenience sampling method, and the collected data was analyzed with the help of statistical tools such as Factor analysis, Chi-Square Analysis, one-way ANOVA, Weighted Average Rank

Feature Influence Based ETL for Efficient Big Data Management

The increased volume of big data introduces various challenges for its maintenance and analysis. There exist various approaches to the problem, but they fail to achieve the expected results. To improve the big data management performance, an efficient real time feature influence analysis based Extraction, Transform, and Loading (ETL) framework is presented in this article. The model fetches the big data and analyses the features to find noisy records by preprocessing the data set. Further, the method performs feature extraction and applies feature influence analysis to various data nodes and the data present in the data nodes. The method estimates Feature Specific Informative Influence (FSII) and Feature Specific Supportive Influence (FSSI). The value of FSII and FSSI are measured with the support of a data dictionary. The class ontology belongs to various classes of data. The value of FSII is measured according to the presence of a concrete feature on a tuple towards any data node, whereas the value of FSSI is measured based on the appearance of supportive features on any data point towards the data node. Using these measures, the method computes the Node Centric Transformation Score (NCTS). Based on the value of NCTS the method performs map reduction and merging of data nodes. The NCTS_FIA method achieves higher performance in the ETL process. By adapting feature influence analysis in big data management, the ETL performance is improved with the least amount of time complexity

Differential responsiveness of MET inhibition in non-small-cell lung cancer with altered CBL.

Casitas B-lineage lymphoma (CBL) is an E3 ubiquitin ligase and a molecule of adaptor that we have shown is important for non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We investigated if MET is a target of CBL and if enhanced in CBL-altered NSCLC. We showed that CBL wildtype cells have lower MET expression than CBL mutant cells. Ubiquitination of MET was also decreased in CBL mutant cells compared to wildtype cells. Mutant cells were also more sensitive to MET inhibitor SU11274 than wild-type cells. sh-RNA-mediated knockdown of CBL enhanced cell motility and colony formation in NSCLC cells, and these activities were inhibited by SU11274. Assessment of the phospho-kinome showed decreased phosphorylation of pathways involving MET, paxillin, EPHA2, and VEGFR. When CBL was knocked down in the mutant cell line H1975 (erlotinib-resistant), it became sensitive to MET inhibition. Our findings suggest that CBL status is a potential positive indicator for MET-targeted therapeutics in NSCLC

Myeloid suppressor cell depletion augments antitumor activity in lung cancer.

BackgroundMyeloid derived suppressor cells (MDSC) are important regulators of immune responses. We evaluated the mechanistic role of MDSC depletion on antigen presenting cell (APC), NK, T cell activities and therapeutic vaccination responses in murine models of lung cancer.Principal findingsIndividual antibody mediated depletion of MDSC (anti-Gr1 or anti-Ly6G) enhanced the antitumor activity against lung cancer. In comparison to controls, MDSC depletion enhanced the APC activity and increased the frequency and activity of the NK and T cell effectors in the tumor. Compared to controls, the anti-Gr1 or anti-Ly6G treatment led to increased: (i) CD8 T cells, (ii) NK cells, (iii) CD8 T or NK intracytoplasmic expression of IFNγ, perforin and granzyme (iv) CD3 T cells expressing the activation marker CD107a and CXCR3, (v) reduced CD8 T cell IL-10 production in the tumors (vi) reduced tumor angiogenic (VEGF, CXCL2, CXCL5, and Angiopoietin1&2) but enhanced anti-angiogenic (CXCL9 and CXCL10) expression and (vii) reduced tumor staining of endothelial marker Meca 32. Immunocytochemistry of tumor sections showed reduced Gr1 expressing cells with increased CD3 T cell infiltrates in the anti-Gr1 or anti-Ly6G groups. MDSC depletion led to a marked inhibition in tumor growth, enhanced tumor cell apoptosis and reduced migration of the tumors from the primary site to the lung compared to controls. Therapeutic vaccination responses were enhanced in vivo following MDSC depletion with 50% of treated mice completely eradicating established tumors. Treated mice that rejected their primary tumors acquired immunological memory against a secondary tumor challenge. The remaining 50% of mice in this group had 20 fold reductions in tumor burden compared to controls.SignificanceOur data demonstrate that targeting MDSC can improve antitumor immune responses suggesting a broad applicability of combined immune based approaches against cancer. This multifaceted approach may prove useful against tumors where MDSC play a role in tumor immune evasion

Proteomic characterisation of endoplasmic reticulum-derived protein bodies in tobacco leaves

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The N-terminal proline-rich domain (Zera) of the maize storage protein γ-zein, is able to induce the formation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-derived protein bodies (PBs) when fused to proteins of interest. This encapsulation enables a recombinant fused protein to escape from degradation and facilitates its recovery from plant biomass by gradient purification. The aim of the present work was to evaluate if induced PBs encapsulate additional proteins jointly with the recombinant protein. The exhaustive analysis of protein composition of PBs is expected to facilitate a better understanding of PB formation and the optimization of recombinant protein purification approaches from these organelles.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>We analysed the proteome of PBs induced in <it>Nicotiana benthamiana </it>leaves by transient transformation with Zera fused to a fluorescent marker protein (DsRed). Intact PBs with their surrounding ER-membrane were isolated on iodixanol based density gradients and their integrity verified by confocal and electron microscopy. SDS-PAGE analysis of isolated PBs showed that Zera-DsRed accounted for around 85% of PB proteins in term of abundance. Differential extraction of PBs was performed for in-depth analysis of their proteome and structure. Besides Zera-DsRed, 195 additional proteins were identified including a broad range of proteins resident or trafficking through the ER and recruited within the Zera-DsRed polymer.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>This study indicates that Zera-protein fusion is still the major protein component of the new formed organelle in tobacco leaves. The analysis also reveals the presence of an unexpected diversity of proteins in PBs derived from both the insoluble Zera-DsRed polymer formation, including ER-resident and secretory proteins, and a secretory stress response induced most likely by the recombinant protein overloading. Knowledge of PBs protein composition is likely to be useful to optimize downstream purification of recombinant proteins in molecular farming applications.</p

From the Spectrum to Inflation: A Second Order Inverse Formula for the General Slow-Roll Spectrum

We invert the second order, single field, general slow-roll formula for the power spectrum, to obtain a second order formula for inflationary parameters in terms of the primordial power spectrum

Targeting Viral ORF3a Protein: A New Approach to Mitigate COVID-19 Induced Immune Cell Apoptosis and Associated Respiratory Complications

Infection with SARS-CoV-2 is a growing concern to the global well-being of the public at present. Different amino acid mutations alter the biological and epidemiological characteristics, as well as immune resistance of SARS-CoV-2. The virus-induced pulmonary impairment and inflammatory cytokine storm are directly related to its clinical manifestations. But, the fundamental mechanisms of inflammatory responses are found to be the reason for the death of immune cells which render the host immune system failure. Apoptosis of immune cells is one of the most common forms of programmed cell death induced by the virus for its survival and virulence property. ORF3a, a SARS-CoV-2 accessory viral protein, induces apoptosis in host cells and suppress the defense mechanism. This suggests, inhibiting SARS-CoV-2 ORF3a protein is a good therapeutic strategy for the treatment in COVID-19 infection by promoting the host immune defense mechanism