Raman Nonlinearity Contribution to Spatio-Temporal Pulse Dynamics Under Filamentation in Yag Crystal

We report on numerical study of the nonlinear pulse propagation under filamentation of femtosecond near-infrared radiation under normal dispersion regime in YAG crystal. Influence of the Raman and Kerr tandem action on a spatial and temporal dynamics of the laser pulse were discussed. We have shown that Raman nonlinearity provides an asymmetry of temporal pulse profile: the leading edge becomes more bright and propagates at larger distances in comparison with trailing edge. Keywords: filamentation, supercontinuum generation, Raman nonlinearity

Bunyavirales Order

In 2017 the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTY) established and approved a new order Bunyavirales that unite evolutionary related viruses whose genome is represented by a segmented linear single-stranded RNA of negative or ambisense polarity. Currently, the order Bunyavirales includes 10 families that infect vertebrate animals, invertebrates (arthropods), and plants. At least 41 zoonotic bunyaviruses, including pathogenic for human, were isolated on the territory of Northern Eurasia. This review presents the data on the composition of the families belonging to the order Bunyavirales and a list of zoonotic bunyaviruses, isolated in Northern Eurasia, indicating their modern taxonomy. Most of them are arboviruses, associated with different species of mosquitoes or ticks

Hamiltonian formalism and the Garrett-Munk spectrum of internal waves in the ocean

Wave turbulence formalism for long internal waves in a stratified fluid is developed, based on a natural Hamiltonian description. A kinetic equation appropriate for the description of spectral energy transfer is derived, and its self-similar stationary solution corresponding to a direct cascade of energy toward the short scales is found. This solution is very close to the high wavenumber limit of the Garrett-Munk spectrum of long internal waves in the ocean. In fact, a small modification of the Garrett-Munk formalism includes a spectrum consistent with the one predicted by wave turbulence.Comment: 4 pages latex fil

Toward Regional Characterizations of the Oceanic Internal Wavefield

Many major oceanographic internal wave observational programs of the last 4 decades are reanalyzed in order to characterize variability of the deep ocean internal wavefield. The observations are discussed in the context of the universal spectral model proposed by Garrett and Munk. The Garrett and Munk model is a good description of wintertime conditions at Site-D on the continental rise north of the Gulf Stream. Elsewhere and at other times, significant deviations in terms of amplitude, separability of the 2-D vertical wavenumber - frequency spectrum, and departure from the model's functional form are noted. Subtle geographic patterns are apparent in deviations from the high frequency and high vertical wavenumber power laws of the Garrett and Munk spectrum. Moreover, such deviations tend to co-vary: whiter frequency spectra are partnered with redder vertical wavenumber spectra. Attempts are made to interpret the variability in terms of the interplay between generation, propagation and nonlinearity using a statistical radiative balance equation. This process frames major questions for future research with the insight that such integrative studies could constrain both observationally and theoretically based interpretations

Energy spectra of the ocean's internal wave field: theory and observations

The high-frequency limit of the Garrett and Munk spectrum of internal waves in the ocean and the observed deviations from it are shown to form a pattern consistent with the predictions of wave turbulence theory. In particular, the high frequency limit of the Garrett and Munk spectrum constitutes an {\it exact} steady state solution of the corresponding kinetic equation.Comment: 4 pages, one color figur

Isolation of two strains of West Nile virus during an outbreak in southern Russia, 1999.

From July to September 1999, a widespread outbreak of meningoencephalitis associated with West Nile virus (Flavivirus, Flaviviridae) occurred in southern Russia, with hundreds of cases and dozens of deaths. Two strains of West Nile virus isolated from patient serum and brain-tissue samples reacted in hemagglutination-inhibition and neutralization tests with patients' convalescent-phase sera and immune ascites fluid from other strains of West Nile virus

НУКЛЕОЗИДНЫЕ АНАЛОГИ В ТЕРАПИИ ГРИППА: ИСТОРИЯ И ОПЫТ

Aim. In this study we retrospectively evaluated the clinical effectiveness and safety of nucleoside analogues (Triazavirin© and ribavirin) with that of oseltamivir for treating moderate severe influenza in adults. Materials and methods. We have used data from 191 health records of patients with moderate severe PCR confirmed influenza A and B. Control group included 57 patients treated with oseltamivir, comparison groups – 53 and 81 patients, who received Triazavirin© and ribavirin accordingly. We compared infectious intoxication syndrome duration, fever duration, duration of acute rhinitis, acute pharyngitis, acute laryngitis, acute tracheitis, acute bronchitis, cough duration as well as pneumonia occurrence. Results. No statistically significant difference in the duration of developed syndromes in Triazavirin©-treated group and oseltamivir-treated group were observed. We have noticed that fever duration had been significantly longer in ribavirin group compared to control group (4,1±2,22 days vs. 3,1±1,94 days, p<0,05) as well as more frequent pneumonia occurrence (1,2% vs. 0,0%, p>0,05). Conclusion. New nucleoside analogue Triazavirin© showed good efficacy and safety profile in adult patients with influenza. This fact provides the opportunity to recommend it for treatment of influenza along with neuraminidase inhibitors.Цель: оценка клинической эффективности и безопасности нуклеозидных аналогов (Tриазавирина© и рибавирина) для лечения пациентов с гриппом средней степени тяжести по сравнению с осельтамивиром. Материалы и методы: в исследовании были использованы данные 191 истории болезни пациентов с лабораторно подтвержденным диагнозом «Грипп А» или «Грипп В» средней степени тяжести. Контрольную группу составили 57 пациентов, получавших осельтамивир, группы сравнения – 53 и 81 пациент, которые получали Триазавирин© и рибавирин соответственно. Терапевтическая эффективность сравниваемых препаратов была оценена по длительности общих инфекционных синдромов (интоксикации, лихорадки), синдромов поражения респираторного тракта и кашля, а также по частоте развития осложненного пневмонией течения гриппа. Результаты: статистически значимых различий в длительности общих инфекционных синдромов, синдромов поражения респираторного тракта, частоте развития пневмоний у пациентов, получавших Триазавирин© или осельтамивир, получено не было. Отмечена статистически значимо большая продолжительность лихорадки у пациентов, получавших рибавирин, по сравнению с контрольной группой (4,1±2,22 дня против 3,1±1,94 дня, p<0,05), а также более частое развитие пневмоний (1,2% против 0,0%, p>0,05). Заключение: показана высокая терапевтическая эффективность и хороший профиль безопасности препарата из группы нуклеозидных аналогов Tриазавирина©. Это позволяет рассматривать его, наряду с ингибиторами нейраминидазы, в качестве препарата первой линии для лечения пациентов с гриппом

Medication-associated osteonecrosis of the jaw – theories of pathogenesis, peculiarities of clinical, radiological picture: literature review and personal observation

Medication-associated osteonecrosis of the jaw - severe complication that can happen in patients received therapy with bisphosphonates and in persons that are taking narcotic surrogates (desomorphine, pervitin). The relevance of the research is conditioned by wide use of bisphosphonates in patients with proven bone metastases, during myeloma, Paget disease. The remaining number of people that used narcotic surrogates, the use of red phosphor during self-crafted production of desomorphine and pervitin by patients with drug addiction is considerable. In hese two categories atypical forms of osteomyelitis are developing. The article is based on retrospective study of clinical record and data of radiological examinations of patients that are staying on the treatment in the department of maxillofacial surgery of MAI «Central city clinical hospital №23» in 2003 – 2017.Медикаментозноассоциированный остеонекроз челюсти — тяжелое осложнение, которое может возникнуть у пациентов, получающих терапию бисфосфонатами, а также у лиц, употребляющих наркотические суррогаты (дезоморфин, первитин). Актуальность исследования обусловлена широким применением бисфосфонатов у пациентов с доказанными костными метастазами, при миеломной болезни, болезни Педжета. Сохраняющееся немалое количество лиц, употребляющих наркотические суррогаты, использование красного фосфора при «кустарном» изготовлении дезоморфина и первитина пациентами с наркотической зависимостью. У этих двух категорий развиваются нетипичные формы остеомиелита. работа основана на ретроспективном изучении истории болезни и данных рентгенологического исследования пациентов, находящихся на лечении в отделении челюстно-лицевой хирургии МАУ «Центральная городская клиническая больница №23» в 2013 – 2017 г.г

Laser doppler flowmetry as the method of sequestrectomy determination lines with bisphosphonate osteonecrosis of the jaw

Bisphosphonate osteonecrosis of the jaw is a severe complication that can occur in patients receiving bisphosphonate therapy due to bone metastases. The relevance of research is conditioned by spread use of bisphosphonates in patients with proved bone metastases in myeloma. Despite the active study of the problem, a high percentage of relapses of the disease remains, the direct criteria of sequestrectomy determination lines during surgical treatment. The study was conducted on the basis of the Department of maxillofacial surgery MAI "CCCH №23", where patients with the diagnosis of "Bisphosphonate osteonecrosis of the jaw" in the period from December 2017 to December 2018 were treated.Бисфосфонатный остеонекроз челюсти — тяжелое осложнение, которое может возникнуть у пациентов, получающих терапию бисфосфонатами, по поводу костных метастазов. актуальность исследования обусловлена широким применением бисфосфонатов у пациентов с доказанными костными метастазами, при миеломной болезни. Несмотря на активное изучение проблемы, остается высокий процент рецидивов заболевания, не описаны четкие критерии определения зоны секвестрэктомии при хирургическом лечении. Исследование проводилось на базе отделения челюстно-лицевой хирургии МаУ «ЦГкБ №23», где проходили лечение пациенты с диагнозом «Бисфосфонатный остеонекроз челюсти» в период с декабря 2017 года по декабрь 2018 года включительно