A comunidade tradicional de Quartel do Indaiá: vivências e percepções no espaço rural de Diamantina/MG

O presente artigo busca apresentar a relação estabelecida entre a comunidade quilombola de Quartel do Indaiá, Diamantina – MG, e o seu espaço vivido. Após uma introdutória conceituação teórica acerca do tema, intenta-se, brevemente, compreender a laço entre os moradores e o lugar. A experiência vivenciada in loco com a comunidade local permitiu apreender nuances de sua percepção com o seu local de moradia, permeado por aspectos simbólicos e intangíveis. Em virtude da histórica relação da região com o garimpo, verificou-se o profundo significado que essa atividade exerce, ainda hoje, em significativa parte dos moradores de Quartel. A análise, aqui realizada, busca, portanto, desvelar elementos do vinculo afetivo estabelecido entre a comunidade e seu espaço.This article seeks to present the relation between the quilombo community Barracks Indaiá, Diamantina - MG, and your living space. After an introductory theoretical conceptualization on the subject, if an attempt is briefly understand the bond between the people and the place. The experience lived on site with the local community allowed to grasp nuances of your perception with your place of residence, permeated by symbolic and intangible aspects. Given the historical relationship of the region with mining, it was the deep meaning that this activity exercises, even today, a significant part of the barracks dwellers. The analysis carried out here, seeks therefore to unveil elements of the affective bond established between the community and its space

A IMPORTANCIA DA PSICOLOGIA MÉDICA NA RELAÇÃO-MÉDICO PACIENTE: UMA REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA.

Introdução: A relação médico-paciente é um fator determinante para a prática da medicina contemporânea, assim, a abordagem dessa conduta por uma vista multicausal é imperativa. Nesse sentido, aplicações de áreas de estudo como a psicologia médica ao relacionamento médico-paciente são essenciais no desenvolvimento desta habilidade. Objetivos: O estudo teve como objetivo analisar e discutir produções científicas que tratam da psicologia médica na formação acadêmica e no reflexo dela para o relacionamento médico-paciente. Metodologia: O trabalho trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura que, partindo da pergunta norteadora “Qual a importância da psicologia médica na relação médico-paciente?”, delimitou-se a realização da busca no banco de dados Google Acadêmico, utilizando as palavras-chave: Relação Médico-Paciente, Psicologia médica, Formação médica e Psicossomática. Foram critérios de inclusão: Ser de produção brasileira; escrito em língua portuguesa; abordar a psicologia médica e a relação médico-paciente; e ser disponibilizado gratuitamente pelas bases de consulta. Como critérios de exclusão delimitou-se: datas de publicação anterior ao ano de 2012 e verificação de  divergência com o assunto buscado. Resultados: Inicialmente foram selecionados 47 artigos que, após a aplicação de duas etapas de exclusão- leitura dos títulos e leitura integral do artigo- foram então definidos como a amostra 9 artigos. Foi observado através da análise dos trabalhos selecionados que a importância da psicologia médica para o relacionamento médico-paciente se atesta através da observação de profissionais que são fruto de um modelo de formação antiga que se afasta de disciplinas humanas, psicológicas e sociais que revelam dificuldades na comunicação e na abordagem interpessoal com seus pacientes. Discussão: As publicações revelam que a base da prática médica é a comunicação interpessoal e que a psicologia, bem como a psicanálise, possui mecanismos que podem facilitar ou otimizar esse processo. Nesse sentido, observou-se o destaque dado à necessidade de desprender o ensino médico a métodos estritamente biológicos e impessoais através da valorização de matérias descritas como humanidades médicas, para desse modo possibilitar ao futuro médico o arcabouço teórico necessário para a obtenção de uma interlocução efetiva e benevolente com o seu paciente. Conclusões: Desse modo, contempla-se o potencial da psicologia médica como mecanismo de melhoria da prática médica, evocando-se, por fim, a necessidade do desenvolvimento de habilidades comunicativas, conhecimento da psicanálise e maturidade emocional nas Escolas Médicas para a formação de profissionais preparados para os percalços que a carreira proporciona, sem colocar em detrimento seu próprio bem estar e saúde mental. Palavras-chave: Relação Médico-Paciente; Psicologia médica; educação Médica; Psicossomática

Avaliação da incidência de depressão em jovens do ensino médio em escola de Patos de Minas / Evaluation of the impact of depression on young people in the middle school in Mining Ducks school

Somente a partir de 1960, a depressão foi relacionada à infância e adolescência. A importância desse problema vem sendo reconhecida devido ao aumento constante de casos clínicos nesta faixa etária, frequentemente identificados pelos profissionais da saúde mental. Trata-se de um estudo de campo descritivo, intervencionista, transversal, de natureza quanti-qualitativa e com abordagem na depressão em adolescentes da Escola Estadual Guiomar de Melo. Realizado com 221 participantes de 15 a 20 anos, estudantes do 1º, 2º e 3º ano do Ensino Médio da Escola Guiomar de Melo. Sob essa ótica, observou-se que, dentre a amostra total, 87 alunos (39%) cursam o 1º ano do Ensino Médio, 52 (23,5%), o 2º ano e 82 (37,1%), o 3ºano. Após esses dados, os questionários foram classificados em graus de depressão segundo o inventário de Beck, obedecendo a seguinte pontuação: 0 a 13 pontos- nenhuma depressão(N), 14 a 19 pontos - depressão leve(DL), 20 a 28 pontos- depressão moderada(DM), 29 a 63 pontos - depressão grave(DG). Quando comparado os sexos, foi notável que o feminino possuiu mais diagnósticos de depressão, incluindo graus leve, moderado e grave, sendo 67(29%) de um total de 221 alunos, contra 29(13%) no sexo masculino, o que é compatível com a literatura. Os achados sugerem fomentar práticas educativas relacionadas à depressão, como a realização de palestras no âmbito escolar, além do direcionamento dos alunos à terapia psicológica visando à melhoria da saúde mental dos alunos.

Efficacy of antibiotic prophylaxis on third molar extraction

Abstract Introduction Third molar extraction surgery is a common dental procedure, often challenging with increased post-operative complications. The need for antibiotic prophylaxis in these cases remains debated. Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of antibiotic prophylaxis on the postoperative clinical course of third molar extraction surgeries. Material and method Sixty-three patients were randomly allocated into two groups after extraction of the four third molars. ATB group (N = 33) the patients received 1g of amoxicillin one hour before the surgical procedure, CTR group (N = 30) the patients did not receive antibiotic prophylaxis. Clinical analyses were performed at 3, 7, 14, and 30 days after the surgical procedure. These analyses consisted of assessing oedema, variation in mouth opening, and soft tissue healing. Furthermore, patient-centered analyses were also carried out through the application of the visual analogue scale (VAS) to assess pain, inflammation, bleeding, difficulty opening the mouth, and chewing. Result No influence of antibiotic prophylaxis was observed on the evolution of clinical parameters of healing, oedema, and mouth opening. Patients did not notice differences regarding their comfort during the postoperative period. Conclusion The incidence of complications observed in the present study was low and was not related to infectious processes. The use of prophylactic antibiotic therapy has no beneficial effects on the postoperative clinical course in third molar extraction

Assessment of the Implementation of the International Health Regulations during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Portugal as a Case Study

Introduction: The International Health Regulations (IHR) were developed to prepare countries to deal with public health emergencies. The spread of SARS-CoV-2 underlined the need for international coordination, although few attempts were made to evaluate the integrated implementation of the IHR’s core capacities in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether IHR shortcomings stem from non-compliance or regulatory issues, using Portugal as a European case study due to its size, organization, and previous discrepancies between self-reporting and peer assessment of the IHR’s core capacities. Methods: Fifteen public health medical residents involved in contact tracing in mainland Portugal interpreted the effectiveness of the IHR’s core capabilities by reviewing the publicly available evidence and reflecting on their own field experience, then grading each core capability according to the IHR Monitoring Framework. The assessment of IHR enforcement considered efforts made before and after the onset of the pandemic, covering the period up to July 2021. Results: Four out of nine core IHR capacities (surveillance; response; risk communication; and human resource capacity) were classified as level 1, the lowest. Only two were graded level 3 (preparedness; and laboratory), the highest. The remaining three) (national legislation, policy & financing; coordination and national focal point communication; and points of entry) were classified as level 2. Conclusion: Portugal exemplifies the extent to which implementation of the IHR was not fully achieved, which has resulted in the underperformance of several core capacities. There is a need to improve preparedness and international cooperation in order to harmonize and strengthen the global response to public health emergencies, with better political, institutional, and financial support

Mesophotic reef fish assemblages of the remote St. Peter and St. Paul's Archipelago, Mid-Atlantic Ridge, Brazil

Mesophotic reef fish assemblages (30-90 m depth) of the small and remote St. Peter and St. Paul's Archipelago (SPSPA), Mid-Atlantic Ridge, Brazil, were characterized using remotely operated vehicles. Ordination analyses identified distinct fish assemblages in the upper (30-50 m) and lower (50-90 m) mesophotic zones, the former characterized by high abundances of species that are also abundant at euphotic reefs (Caranx lugubris, Melichthys niger, Stegastes sanctipauli and Chromis multilineata) and the latter dominated by two mesophotic specialists (Prognathodes obliquus and Chromis enchrysura). Planktivores dominated fish assemblages, particularly in the upper mesophotic zone, possibly due to a greater availability of zooplankton coming from the colder Equatorial Undercurrent in mesophotic depths of the SPSPA. Turf algae, fleshy macroalgae and scleractinian corals dominated benthic assemblages between 30 and 40 m depth, while bryozoans, black corals and sponges dominated between 40 and 90 m depth. Canonical correspondence analysis explained 74 % of the relationship between environmental characteristics (depth, benthic cover and complexity) and structure of fish assemblages, with depth as the most important independent variable. Juveniles of Bodianus insularis and adults of P. obliquus and C. enchrysura were clearly associated with branching black corals (Tanacetipathes spp.), suggesting that black corals play key ecological roles in lower mesophotic reefs of the SPSPA. Results from this study add to the global database about mesophotic reef ecosystems (MREs) and provide a baseline for future evaluations of possible anthropogenic and natural disturbances on MREs of the SPSPA.Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico-CNPqCNPqFundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (FAPERJ)Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior (CAPES)Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Oceanog, Programa Posgrad Oceanog Biol, BR-05508120 Sao Paulo, SP, BrazilUniv Fed Paraiba, Programa Posgrad Ciencias Biol Zool, BR-58059900 Joao Pessoa, PB, BrazilUniv Fed Paraiba, Programa Posgrad Ecol & Monitoramento Ambiental, BR-58297000 Rio Tinto, PB, BrazilUniv Estadual Paraiba, Programa Posgrad Ecol & Conservac, BR-58109753 Campina Grande, PB, BrazilUniv Fed Pernambuco, Dept Oceanog, Ctr Tecnol & Geociencias, BR-50670901 Recife, PE, BrazilUniv Fed Paraiba, Ctr Ciencias Exatas & Nat, Dept Sistemat & Ecol, BR-58051900 Joao Pessoa, PB, BrazilInst Pesquisas Jardim Bot Rio De Janeiro, Rio De Janeiro, RJ, BrazilUniv Fed Sao Paulo, Inst Mar, Campus Baixada Santista, BR-11030400 Santos, SP, BrazilUniv Fed Rio de Janeiro, Inst Biol, BR-21944970 Rio De Janeiro, RJ, BrazilUniv Fed Rio de Janeiro, SAGE COPPE, BR-21944970 Rio De Janeiro, RJ, BrazilUniv Sao Paulo, Inst Oceanog, Dept Oceanog Biol, BR-05508120 Sao Paulo, SP, BrazilUniv Fed Paraiba, Dept Engn & Meio Ambiente, BR-58297000 Rio Tinto, PB, BrazilUniv Fed Sao Paulo, Inst Mar, Campus Baixada Santista, BR-11030400 Santos, SP, BrazilCNPq: 557185/09-2CNPq: 484875/2011-6Web of Scienc

The burden of Noncommunicable Diseases in Portuguese Language Countries

Funding Information: Agreement letter SCON2022-00453 Pan American Health Organization (PAHO)/Ministério da Saúde (MS), Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvi-mento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq). Publisher Copyright: © 2023, Associacao Brasileira de Pos - Graduacao em Saude Coletiva. All rights reserved.The present study analyzed trends in premature mortality from Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) between 1990 and 2019, the projections up to 2030, and the risk factors (RFs) attributable to these diseases in the Community of Portuguese Language Countries (CPLP). Esti-mates from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study and the analysis of the burden of premature mortality due to NCDs were used for nine CPLP countries, applying age-standardized rates, us-ing RStudio. Portugal, Brazil, Equatorial Guin-ea, Angola, and Guinea Bissau showed declining premature mortality rates caused by NCDs, while East Timor, Cape Verde, São Tomé and Príncipe, and Mozambique showed an increase in rates. Projections indicate that none of the countries is expected to achieve the goals of reducing premature mortality due to NCDs by one third by 2030. The attributable burden of disease showed that the most important RFs in 2019 were: high sys-tolic blood pressure (SBP), tobacco, dietary risks, high body mass index (BMI), and air pollution. It can therefore be concluded that there are pro-found differences in the burden of NCDs among the countries, with better results in Portugal and Brazil, and that no CPLP country is likely to reach the NCD reduction target by 2030.publishersversionpublishe

CXCL-16, IL-17, and bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) are associated with overweight and obesity conditions in middle-aged and elderly women.

The current concept of overweight/obesity is most likely related to a combination of increased caloric intake and decreased energy expenditure. Widespread inflammation, associated with both conditions, appears to contribute to the development of some obesity-related comorbidities. Interventions that directly or indirectly target individuals at high risk of developing obesity have been largely proposed because of the increasing number of overweight/obese cases worldwide. The aim of the present study was to assess CXCL16, IL-17, and BMP-2 plasma factors in middle-aged and elderly women and relate them to an overweight or obese status. In total, 117 women were selected and grouped as eutrophic, overweight, and obese, according to anthropometric parameters. Analyses of anthropometric and circulating biochemical parameters were followed by plasma immunoassays for CXCL-16, IL- 17, and BMP-2

LÚPUS ERITEMATOSO SISTÊMICO E ACOMETIMENTO CUTÂNEO/ARTICULAR: UMA REVISÃO DE LITERATURA

This article aims to scan the current medical literature on systemic lupus erythematosus and skin/joint involvement. Systemic lupus erythematosus is an inflammatory, chronic and multisystemic disorder, with a probable autoimmune etiology that occurs predominantly in young women. Common manifestations are arthralgia and arthritis, Raynaud's phenomenon, malar rash and other rashes, pleuritis or pericarditis, renal or central nervous system involvement, and autoimmune cytopenia. Diagnosis requires clinical and serological criteria. Treatment of severe, active and ongoing disease requires corticosteroids and immunosuppressants. Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is more common and serious among black and Asian patients than among white patients. It can affect patients of any age, including newborns. In some countries, the prevalence of SLE rivals that of rheumatoid arthritis. SLE is probably precipitated by still unknown environmental triggers, which produce autoimmune reactions in genetically predisposed people.Este artigo tem por objetivo realizar uma varredura da literatura médica vigente sobre o lúpus eritematoso sistêmico e o acometimento cutâneo/articular. O lúpus eritematoso sistêmico é um distúrbio inflamatório, crônico e multissistêmico, de provável etiologia autoimune que ocorre predominantemente em mulheres jovens. As manifestações comuns são artralgia e artrite, fenômeno de Raynaud, exantema malar e outros exantemas, pleurite ou pericardite, envolvimento renal ou do sistema nervoso central e citopenia autoimune. O diagnóstico requer critérios clínicos e sorológicos. O tratamento da doença grave, ativa e contínua requer corticoides e imunossupressores. Lúpus eritematoso sistêmico (LES) é mais comum e grave entre pacientes negros e asiáticos do que entre pacientes brancos. Ele pode afetar pacientes de qualquer idade, inclusive neonatos. Em alguns países, a prevalência de LES rivaliza com a de artrite reumatoide. O LES provavelmente é precipitado por gatilhos ambientais ainda desconhecidos, os quais produzem reações autoimunes em pessoas geneticamente predispostas

Portugal as a Case Study

Introduction: The International Health Regulations (IHR) were developed to prepare countries to deal with public health emergencies. The spread of SARS-CoV-2 underlined the need for international coordination, although few attempts were made to evaluate the integrated implementation of the IHR's core capacities in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether IHR shortcomings stem from non-compliance or regulatory issues, using Portugal as a European case study due to its size, organization, and previous discrepancies between self-reporting and peer assessment of the IHR's core capacities. Methods: Fifteen public health medical residents involved in contact tracing in mainland Portugal interpreted the effectiveness of the IHR's core capabilities by reviewing the publicly available evidence and reflecting on their own field experience, then grading each core capability according to the IHR Monitoring Framework. The assessment of IHR enforcement considered efforts made before and after the onset of the pandemic, covering the period up to July 2021. Results: Four out of nine core IHR capacities (surveillance; response; risk communication; and human resource capacity) were classified as level 1, the lowest. Only two were graded level 3 (preparedness; and laboratory), the highest. The remaining three) (national legislation, policy & financing; coordination and national focal point communication; and points of entry) were classified as level 2. Conclusion: Portugal exemplifies the extent to which implementation of the IHR was not fully achieved, which has resulted in the underperformance of several core capacities. There is a need to improve preparedness and international cooperation in order to harmonize and strengthen the global response to public health emergencies, with better political, institutional, and financial support.publishersversionpublishersversionpublishe