Observations biologiques des ventes en criée. Résultats 2019 du programme ObsVentes. Toutes criées

The ObsVentes program consists of periodically measuring the size of individuals of the main species landed at auctions or specific landing points. This program responds to the requirements of the national multi-year work plan for data collection linked to the European regulation EU-MAP (regulation EU/2017/1004). The ObsVentes program aims to produce size structures of catches of the main commercial species for the needs of stock assessments by regional fisheries management organizations, as well as other scientific bodies such as the International Council for the Exploration of the Sea (ICES), in accordance with the international obligations of the European Union, but also national and regional.  The 2019 results of the ObsVentes program are available in the form of summary and individualized sheets for each of the main participating auctions. These documents are produced by the French Research Institute for Exploitation of the Sea (Ifremer) and made public to report on the information collected in 2019 by the providers of this program.Le programme ObsVentes consiste à mesurer périodiquement la taille des individus des principales espèces débarquées sous criée ou des points de débarquement spécifiques. Ce programme répond aux requis du plan de travail national pluri-annuel de collecte de données lié au règlement européen EU-MAP (règlement UE/2017/1004). Le programme ObsVentes a pour but de produire des structures en taille des captures des principales espèces commerciales pour les besoins des évaluations de stocks par les organisations régionales de gestion des pêches, ainsi que d'autres instances scientifiques comme le Conseil international pour l'exploration de la mer (CIEM), conformément aux obligations internationales de l'Union européenne, mais aussi nationales et régionales.  Les résultats 2019 du programme ObsVentes sont disponibles sous forme de fiches synthétiques et individualisées pour chacune des principales criées participantes. Ces documents sont produits par l'Institut français de recherche pour l'exploitation de la mer (Ifremer) et rendus publics pour rendre compte des informations collectées en 2019 par les prestataires de ce programme

French ichthyological records for 2017

Uncommon records of fishes may evidence local or global changes of fish composition resulting from environmental modifications or anthropic activities. Significant records of uncommon marine fishes, including threatened species, collected in French waters or by French vessels in European waters are reported for the year 2017. They include first, new, rare and unusual records for the following species: Sphyrna zygaena, Acipenser sturio, Muraena helena, Nessorhamphus ingolfianus, Evermannella balbo, Raniceps raninus, Cheilopogon heterurus, Scopelogadus beanii, Zenopsis conchifer, Eutelichthys leptochirus, Serranus cabrilla, Naucrates ductor, Seriola rivoliana, Gobius gasteveni, Gobius paganellus, Lepidocybium flavobrunneum, Ruvettus pretiosus, Hippoglossus hippoglossus, and Sphoeroides pachygaster.Les signalements inhabituels de poissons peuvent témoigner de changements locaux ou globaux résultant de modifications environnementales ou d’activités anthropiques. Des signalements remarquables de poissons marins, comprenant des espèces menacées, collectés dans les eaux françaises ou bien par des navires français dans les eaux européennes sont mentionnés pour l’année 2017. Ils comprennent des premiers et nouveaux signalements ainsi que des signalements rares et inhabituels pour les espèces : Sphyrna zygaena, Acipenser sturio, Muraena helena, Nessorhamphus ingolfianus, Evermannella balbo, Raniceps raninus, Cheilopogon heterurus, Scopelogadus beanii, Zenopsis conchifer, Eutelichthys leptochirus, Serranus cabrilla, Naucrates ductor, Seriola rivoliana, Gobius gasteveni, Gobius paganellus, Lepidocybium flavobrunneum, Ruvettus pretiosus, Hippoglossus hippoglossus et Sphoeroides pachygaster

Assessing aquaculture sustainability: a comparative methodology

Little work dealing with the evaluation of aquaculture system sustainability has so far been undertaken on a global and comparative basis. Moreover, such work is mostly based on very unbalanced approaches in terms of the dimensions of sustainable development that are taken into account. The approach adopted in this article is designed to encompass all the dimensions of sustainability including the institutional one (governance). The taking into account of this latter, in particular, together with the role played by aquaculture in sustainability at the territorial level gives the approach its original and innovative nature. The process of establishing the checklist of sustainability indicators in aquaculture relies on a hierarchical nesting approach which makes it possible to link indicators with general sustainability criteria and principles. At once multidisciplinary and participatory, the approach compares several countries with highly differentiated types of aquaculture system. An original finding from this work is that the technically most intensive farming model scores better than more extensive systems, which might have been thought to be closer to natural systems in their environmental dimension and therefore intuitively more 'sustainable'. This result suggests relating sustainability outcomes to the level of control and of devolved responsibilities

Pisciculture en Afrique subsaharienne Situations et projets dans des pays francophones. Propositions d'action

SIGLEAvailable at INIST (FR), Document Supply Service, under shelf-number : RP 11556 / INIST-CNRS - Institut de l'Information Scientifique et TechniqueFRFranc

Primary production and depth drive different trophic structure and functioning of fish assemblages in French marine ecosystems

Investigating the drivers of fish assemblage trophic structure is a critical question, in order to better understand ecosystem functioning, predict the effects of perturbations and implement integrated management of exploited marine ecosystems. Ecosystemic surveys enabled the determination of the trophic structure of the fish assemblages in three French marine ecosystems, namely the Eastern English Channel, the Bay of Biscay and the Gulf of Lions, through the simultaneous collection of qualitative (stable isotopes and energy content) and quantitative (biomass) data. In the Bay of Biscay and in the Gulf of Lions, pelagic primary production supported at least 80% of the fish biomass production, and explained the dominance of pelagic species, but with differences resulting from the different productivity. The lower productivity in the oligotrophic Gulf of Lions led to a lower total biomass, energy density as well as the predominance of zooplankton feeders. In contrast, fluxes in the Bay of Biscay were sufficient to support a higher biomass of pelagic piscivores, and of species with higher energy content. In the shallow Eastern English Channel, the respective contributions of pelagic and benthic sources were similar. Bentho-demersal species of higher trophic level dominated this assemblage, because of their ability to exploit both pathways. Results of the present study confirmed that fisheries-focused surveys can be used as efficient platforms to address questions about ecosystem functioning. Here it confirmed the expected differences between ecosystems and the importance of primary production and environment as drivers of fish assemblage structure and functioning. Future studies should nevertheless develop new methods to better assess the paramount role of low trophic level consumers