Multiwavelength Observations of Massive Stellar Cluster Candidates in the Galaxy

The Galaxy appears to be richer in young, massive stellar clusters than previously known, due to advances in infrared surveys which have uncovered deeply embedded regions of star formation. Young, massive clusters can significantly impact the surrounding interstellar medium (ISM) and hence radio observations can also be an important tracer of their activity. Several hundred cluster candidates are now known by examining survey data. Here we report on multiwavelength observations of six of these candidates in the Galaxy. We carried out 4.9 and 8.5 GHz VLA observations of the radio emission associated with these clusters to obtain the physical characteristics of the surrounding gas, including the Lyman continuum photon flux and ionized gas mass. Spitzer Infrared Array Camera observations were also made of these regions, and provide details on the stellar population as well as the dust continuum and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon emission. When compared to the known young, massive clusters in the Galaxy, the six cluster candidates have less powerful Lyman ionizing fluxes and ionize less of the H II mass in the surrounding ISM. Therefore, these cluster candidates appear to be more consistent with intermediate-mass clusters (10^3-10^4 Msun).Comment: 39 pages, 20 figures. Accepted in the Astronomical Journal; to be published Fall 201

Intracellular transport of a heterologous membrane protein, the human transferrin receptor, in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

We have analyzed the intracellular behavior of the human transferrin receptor (TfR) in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The major part of the heterologously expressed TfR, which has previously been used as a model for heterologous expression of membrane proteins in yeast, is localized in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membranes; a minor fraction is present in the plasma membrane (PM). The stability of the TfR depends on vacuolar proteases, implying that it is degraded in the vacuolar compartment. Degradation is further dependent on favorable transport conditions to this compartment. The main bottleneck of transport seems to be the transition from the ER to the PM. The chaperone Cne1p, which is involved in quality control in the ER, plays a role in regulating the amount of heterologous TfR, as deletion of CNE1 leads to significant accumulation of the protein. This is the first demonstration of the involvement of CNE1 in regulating the level of heterologous membrane proteins

The Global Context of Disability

This issue of Global Education Review examines the global context of disability and how in different geographic locations, socioeconomic factors, domestic policy, and disability perspectives impact access to special education services, and the types of resources and interventions available to individuals with diverse learning needs.   Practices in countries including India, Singapore, South Korea, Hong Kong, El Salvador, Ethiopia, Liberia, and Kenya were studied and implications for meeting the special education needs for children and adults with disabilities and their families are discusse

Hemispheric lateralization of the corticostriatal glutamatergic system in the rat

Little is known about hemispheric lateralization of subcortical structures. Here, we show a higher expression of the subunit NR2A of the NMDA receptor mRNA in the striatum and of vGluT1 mRNA in the cingulate cortex, in the left hemisphere compared to the right one. This suggests a lateralization of the glutamatergic cortico-subcortical system, at the level of postsynaptic receptors as well as at the level of corticostriatal projections. Such lateralization could play a role in asymmetric diseases like Parkinson's diseas

Equilibria with indivisible goods and package-utilities

We revisit the issue of existence of equilibrium in economies with indivisible goods and money, in which agents may trade many units of items. In [5] it was shown that the existence issue is related to discrete convexity. Classes of discrete convexity are characterized by the unimodularity of the allowable directions of one-dimensional demand sets. The class of graphical unimodular system can be put in relation with a nicely interpretable economic property of utility functions, the Gross Substitutability property. The question is still open as to what could be the possible, challenging economic interpretations and relevant examples of demand structures that correspond to other classes of discrete convexity. We consider here an economy populated with agents having a taste for complementarity; their utilities are generated by compounds of specific items grouped in 'packages'. Simple package-utilities translate in a straightforward fashion the fact that the items forming a package are complements. General package-utilities are obtained as the convolution (or aggregation) of simple packageutilities. We prove that if the collection of packages of items, that generates the utilities of agents in the economy, is unimodular then there exists a competitive equilibrium. Since any unimodular set of vectors can be implemented as a collection of 0-1 vectors ([3]), we get examples of demands for each class of discrete convexity

Steuerehrlichkeit in Österreich

Das Slippery Slope Modell, ein Modell welches den Einfluss von Vertrauen in einen Staat und den Einfluss der Macht eines Staates auf erzwungene und freiwillige Steuerehrlichkeit der BürgerInnen berücksichtigt, wurde anhand einer österreichischen Stichprobe bestehend aus Selbstständigen und UnternehmerInnen getestet. Es konnte gezeigt werden, dass Vertrauen in die Autorität freiwillige Steuerehrlichkeit fördert, während auf der anderen Seite die Wahrnehmung von Macht erzwungene Steuerehrlichkeit erhöht. Erwartete Wechselwirkungsbeziehungen zwischen Macht und Vertrauen konnten nicht beobachtet werden. Weiters wurde der (indirekte) Einfluss motivationaler Haltungen im Kontext mit Steuerehrlichkeit geprüft, wofür Motivational Postures in das Slippery Slope Modell eingebettet wurden. Es konnten sowohl direkte, als auch indirekte Effekte berichtet werden. Abschließend wurden mögliche Effekte und Wirkungsbeziehungen von Freiwilliger und Erzwungener Steuerehrlichkeit mit Steuervermeidung und Steuerhinterziehung geprüft. Erwartungsgemäß zeigte sich ein negativer Effekt von Freiwilliger Steuerehrlichkeit auf Steuerhinterziehung.The Slippery Slope Framework, a model which combines the influence of trust in tax authorities and power of tax authorities to understand enforced and voluntary tax compliance was validated for an Austrian sample of independent workers and entrepreneurs. It could be shown that trust in authorities assists voluntary compliance while the perception of power increases enforced compliance. Assumed interaction effects between trust and power could not be reported. Further the (indirect) influence of motivation in terms of compliance was discussed. Therefore, Motivational Postures were embedded into the Slippery Slope Framework and direct and indirect effects were found. Finally, relations of enforced and voluntary compliance with tax evasion and tax avoidance were examined and showed a negative effect for voluntary compliance on tax evasion

David Lynchs "Mulholland Drive" verstehen: Visuelles Erzählen und die Dramaturgie der offenen Form

"Mulholland Drive" (2001) von David Lynch ist ein Filmklassiker und ein Stück Popkultur. Seine Attraktion beruht vor allem auf der bedeutungsoffenen und "verrätselnden" Erzählweise, welche Zuschauende zur Interpretation einlädt. Die Autorin legt in einer detaillierten Studie dar, wie sich diese Rezeptionsbeziehung realisiert. Sie analysiert die narrative Struktur und die ästhetischen Strategien mit Methoden und Begriffen der Dramaturgie und macht den Film und seine avancierte Erzählweise dadurch auch inhaltlich nachvollziehbar