La experticia profesional en la judicialización de la violencia doméstica conyugal

This paper analyses the expert assemblage inserted in the legal field of Domestic Violence Against Women. It collects results from a qualitative research with an ethnographic per-spective in the field of the Specialized Family Court in Uruguay. We inquire about the con-struction of the truth through the legal qualities and personality assessment as a central element of the expert activity. The discussion deals with the judicialization as one of the various areas involved on the social, family and partner life organization. We analyse how the expert assemblage builds "confirmatory" evidence while legitimates stereotypes of what is meant by violence, victim and couple. The personality is designed from an individ-ualistic logic, which forecast future behaviour is enabled as there is a oneness between act and actor.El artículo analiza el dispositivo pericial en el campo jurídico en Violencia Doméstica Con-yugal ejercida hacia las mujeres. Recoge resultados de una investigación cualitativa con perspectiva etnográfica en el ámbito de los Juzgados de Familia en Uruguay. Nos pregunta-mos acerca de la construcción de la verdad a través de las cualidades jurídicas y de la eva-luación de la personalidad. Discutimos la judicialización como una de las esferas que inter-vienen sobre la organización de la vida social, la familia y las relaciones de pareja. Anali-zamos cómo el dispositivo pericial colabora en la construcción de pruebas "confirmatorias", a la vez que legitima ciertos estereotipos de lo que se entiende por violencia, víctima y pa-reja. La personalidad es pensada desde una lógica individualista, en la que se habilita el pronóstico futuro de comportamientos, dado que existe una unicidad entre acto y actor

Aproximación al dispositivo psi pericial en el campo jurídico-penal: vicisitudes de una práctica profesional

This paper analyzes what are here called the rationalities of the psychological expert device in juridical practice. It problematizes their systems of thinking in terms of the objectives pursued, the means available to obtain them, & the effects they produce. Understanding the operant logics of the device makes it possible to visualize their strategic functions as well as the relations established between juridical & psychological knowledge

Procesos de constitución del sistema penal juvenir uruguayo ¿Paradigmas híbridos?

In this paper, the analysis focuses on adolescence as a particularized space of social criminal control   through devices that have historically constituted the Uruguayan juvenile criminal system. Social criminal control practices make up a heterogeneous field composed of a multiplicity of vectors which show the ways in which people are tried and/or treated according to their departures from the prevailing criminal law in a particularly socio-historical context . They set concrete social practices in terms of damage, liability, punishment and/or penalty (Foucault, 1991). The debates have challenged conceptions about crime and criminal enclosing in the Juvenil Criminal Systems, agreeing on the necessary inclusion of a broader social level that attempt to spread the political rationalities that result in the processes criminalization with teenagers. The notions of criminal responsibility and dangerousness are key to understanding the hybridization paradigms current in the Uruguayan Juvenile Criminal System.En este artículo el análisis se centra en la adolescencia como un espacio particularizado de control socio-penal a través de los dispositivos que históricamente han constituido al sistema penal juvenil uruguayo. Las prácticas de control socio-penal componen un campo heterogéneo compuesto por una multiplicidad de vectores, que muestran las formas que tienen las personas de ser juzgadas y/o tratadas en función de sus desvíos a la normativa penal imperante en un determinado contexto socio-histórico. Configuran así, prácticas sociales concretas en términos de daño, responsabilidad, castigo y/o pena (Foucault, 1991). Los debates actuales han puesto en tela de juicio las concepciones sobre crimen y criminal que encierran los sistemas penales juveniles, coincidiendo en la necesaria inclusión de un plano social más amplio que intente desplegar las racionalidades políticas y sociales que se derivan en los procesos de criminalización de los y las adolescentes. Las nociones de responsabilidad penal y peligrosidad son claves para comprender la hibridación de paradigmas vigente en el sistema penal juvenil uruguayo

Pensando el "Plan Ceibal" desde la perspectiva de la Acción Pública y la Teoría del Actor-Red

En este artículo, pretendemos analizar y discutir el Plan Ceibal, desde la perspectiva de la Acción Pública y la Teoría del Actor-Red. Consideramos que el Plan Ceibal, implementado en el Uruguay a partir del 2007, ilustra el concepto de acción pública, ya que en él participan una multiplicidad de actores gubernamentales y no gubernamentales, a la vez que componentes humanos y no humanos. En este sentido, la Teoría del Actor- Red (TAR) aporta elementos para reflexionar en torno a la apropiación tecnológica. Creemos que una tarea clave consiste en el ensamblaje de los distintos componentes humanos y no humanos que hacen al Plan Ceibal, propiciando la fortaleza de sus asociaciones, donde los diversos enrolamientos y las traducciones múltiples constituyen el núcleo central de la problemática. Nos preguntamos acerca de ¿cuáles son los retos teórico-metodológicos que enfrentan las intervenciones de los técnicos, en especial los psicólogos, en este campo?In this paper, we will analyze and discuss the Plan Ceibal, from the point of view of the Public Action and the Actor Network Theory. We think that Plan Ceibal, which is implemented in Uruguay since 2007, illustrates the concept of public action, because it involves a multiplicity of governmental and non-governmental organizations, besides human and nonhuman components. According to this, the Actor-network theory (ANT) provides elements to reflect on technological appropriation. We believe that a key task in the assembly of the various human and nonhuman components that compose Plan Ceibal, promoting the strength of their associations, where diverse enrollments and multiple translations make the core of the problem. We wonder about what are the theoretical and methodological challenges facing expert intervention, especially psychologists in this field

La experticia profesional en la judicialización de la violencia doméstica conyugal

El artículo analiza el dispositivo pericial en el campo jurídico en Violencia Doméstica Conyugal ejercida hacia las mujeres. Recoge resultados de una investigación cualitativa con perspectiva etnográfica en el ámbito de los Juzgados de Familia en Uruguay. Nos preguntamos acerca de la construcción de la verdad a través de las cualidades jurídicas y de la evaluación de la personalidad. Discutimos la judicialización como una de las esferas que intervienen sobre la organización de la vida social, la familia y las relaciones de pareja. Analizamos cómo el dispositivo pericial colabora en la construcción de pruebas "confirmatorias", a la vez que legitima ciertos estereotipos de lo que se entiende por violencia, víctima y pareja. La personalidad es pensada desde una lógica individualista, en la que se habilita el pronóstico futuro de comportamientos, dado que existe una unicidad entre acto y actor.This paper analyzes the expert assemblage inserted in the legal field of Domestic Violence Against Women. It collects results from a qualitative research with an ethnographic perspective in the field of the Specialized Family Court in Uruguay. We inquire about the construction of the truth through the legal qualities and personality assessment as a central element of the expert activity. The discussion deals with the judicialization as one of the various areas involved on the social, family and partner life organization. We analyze how the expert assemblage builds "confirmatory" evidence while legitimates stereotypes of what is meant by violence, victim and couple. The personality is designed from an individualistic logic, which forecast future behavior is enabled as there is a oneness between act and actor

Assessment of feedback devices for performance monitoring in master’s swimmers

In recent years, new portable performance monitoring devices have appeared in swimming. The study aims to establish the current validity of the FORM Goggles, Finis Stopwatch, and the Garmin Swim 2 Watch, for the partial and total times and stroke count (experiment 1; n = 17) and to compare the effect of the devices considered as valid in monitoring the pace of master swimmers (experiment 2; n = 10). The FORM Goggles and the Finis Stopwatch showed good level of agreement and accuracy (Bland Altman plots showed homoscedasticity and in most cases Lin’s concordance correlation coefficient were>0.95, and the error magnitude<0.2 seconds). These systems allow better pace control compared to Garmin Swim 2, with a difference between target and actual time below 1.5 %. However, the results showed that the concurrent feedback provided by FORM Smart Swim Goggles could offer greater advantages than the traditional feedback provided via the Finis Stopwatch at the end of each series, as swimmers were closer to the target time (p < 0.05). In conclusion both the FORM Goggles and the Finis Stopwatch, showed a good validity and could serve for performance monitoring in swimming, allowing the Form Goggles better pace control.CTS-527Agencia de Innovación y Desarollo de Andalucía [B- SEJ-164-UGR20 “SWIM FOR LIFE”

Socioemotional development in children with callous-unemotional traits: A case study of a multimodal intervention

A subgroup of children with conduct disorder (CD) has callous unemotional traits (CU, e.g., lack of empathy, caring behaviours and remorse), which predicts a negative evolution of this disorder. Responses to empirically supported interventions are very low in children with CD and CU traits. This case study presents an individualized intervention with an 11-year-old child who shows a stable and aggressive pattern of disruptive behaviour (CD and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder) and severe CU traits. The goals of the intervention focused on both emotion recognition and parent training. The results of the treatment presented in this case study show advances in socioemotional development along with a decrease of problematic conduct, which improve the child’s ability to adapt to his environment. The need of personalizing and adjusting treatments aimed at modifying problematic conduct in children with CU is discussed to shed light on future approaches to clinical interventionDesarrollo socioafectivo de un niño con insensibilidad emocional: un estudio de caso. Un subgrupo de niños con problemas de conducta (PC) presenta también rasgos de insensibilidad emocional (falta de empatía, culpa y ausencia de conducta de cuidado) que predicen una evolución negativa del trastorno. Estos niños muestran baja respuesta a las intervenciones con apoyo empírico para los PC. Este estudio de caso presenta el tratamiento de un niño de 11 años con un comportamiento disruptivo severo (conducta problemática y TDAH) y pronunciados rasgos de insensibilidad emocional. Los objetivos de la intervención se centraron en el entrenamiento en reconocimiento emocional y en el entrenamiento parental. Los resultados del tratamiento muestran mejoras en el desarrollo socioafectivo del niño y disminución de las conductas problemáticas favoreciendo su adaptación al entorno. Se discute la necesidad de adaptar los tratamientos para modificar las conductas problema en los niños con insensibilidad emocionalLaura López-Romero’s contribution to this paper was partially supported by the Programa de Axudas á Etapa Posdoutoral da Xunta de Galicia (Consellería de Cultura, Educación e Ordenación Universitaria)S

Non-invasive biomonitoring of infant exposure to environmental organic pollutants in north-western Spain based on hair analysis. Identification of potential sources

Recent years have seen growing interest in hair sample analysis to detect organic pollutants (OPs). This biological matrix can be analysed non-invasively for biomonitoring of OPs over a wide exposure window. Obtaining hair sample amounts that meet the needs of the analytical methodology required for the determination of the POs of interest can be challenging, especially in infants. As a result, studies assessing organic pollutants in infant hair have been very scarce. We quantified levels of about 60 OPs, including persistent organic pollutants (POPs), in 110 hair samples from a patient cohort (60 mothers and 50 infants) from Santiago de Compostela (north-western Spain). For each participant we examined relationship between OP levels and corresponding epidemiological parameters using correlations, principal component analysis (PCA), hierarchical cluster analysis, and Multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA). For many OPs we observed significant correlations with place of residence, parity, and maternal age, as well as pet ownership. Evaluation of dietary habits showed significant associations between levels some OPs and the consumption of fish, molluscs, and cereal. There were significant associations between chlorpyrifos and deltamethrin levels and infant birth characteristics such as birthweight and head circumference. Relations between OP levels in the hair of mothers and their infants were also examined, revealing common sources of exposure for dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (DLPCBs), non-dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (NDLPCBs), polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Levels of fluoranthene (F), pyrene (P), endrin, and some PBDEs in maternal hair were significantly correlated with those in infant hair. Our findings identified common sources of exposure to OPs of distinct chemical classes.Xunta de Galicia | Ref. GRC-ED431C 2022/35Universidade de Vigo/CISU