Community and Social Media Use among Early PEV Drivers

Plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs) are now being offered for sale to consumers. Contemporaneously, multi-way social interactions among individuals, groups, businesses, governments, and other actors are increasingly facilitated by communication technologies: we take this to be “social media.” Can this confluence facilitate the formation of new interest-based communities among plug-in electric vehicle (PEV) buyers? How might this be important to promoting PEVs? This paper presents the results of 28 in-depth interviews with household PEV drivers in San Diego, California. These PEV drivers show wide variation in their descriptions of who they believe PEV drivers to be, conceptualizations of a PEV, uses of social media to engage other members of the community, and socially mediated and face-to-face interactions with other PEV drivers. Better understanding of the relationship between emerging PEV markets, social media and consumer-based communities will affect the ongoing management of transitions to electric-mobility

How We Can Have Safe, Clean, Convenient, Affordable, Pleasant Transportation Without Making People Drive Less or Give Up Suburban Living

In this report, the authors propose a dual-transportation network and community that would accommodate the preferences for auto-mobility and single-family homes,yet also offer much safer and cleaner, more pleasant and more socially integrated environment than what is commonly proposed in transportation and land use plans. A city with two universally accessible but completely separate and independent transportation networks is proposed. One network is for low-speed lightweight modes (LLMs) and the other is for fast-moving heavy vehicles (FHSVs). The authors review the economics and advantages of such a design, as well as the impacts on transportation problems. They conclude with a discussion regarding the social,political, and consumer factors determining the success of the proposed design

THE ROLE OF INTERACTION IN SECOND LANGUAGE ACQUISITION

This paper addresses the issue of interaction and its role in second language acquisition. The role of “interaction” in L2 learning has long been a controversial issue. By explaining the definition of input and interaction hypothesis, the paper elaborates the theory that both input and interactional modifications facilitate second language acquisition. This study will focus on a case study which determines the importance of interaction in language acquisition. The results indicated that a considerable number of students consider interaction in language acquisition as a key factor. The findings of this empirical study, the review of literature as well as students experiences provide useful suggestions concerning the ways of promoting interaction in language acquisition

Orwell\u27s warnings : a study of George Orwell\u27s purpose in writing

Although George Orwell requested that no books be written about him, it is not difficult to glean a considerable amount of autobiographical material from his novels. His autobiographical works and several essays shed much light on his life and personality. He was born in Motihari, Bengal, in 1903, of Scottish parents and christened Eric Blair. His father was a minor official in the Indian Civil Service and retired to England before his only son was eight years old. At the age of eight, Orwell received a scholarship to study at a preparatory school, St. Cyprian\u27s, on the south coast of England. It was an expensive school, and his family could not have afforded to\u27 send him without the scholarship. His experiences during this period are found in his essay Such, Such Were the Joys, published post-humously in 1950. The title is cryptic as there are few Joys described in the essay. One section is concerned with the punishment for bedwetting, a common occurrence among young newcomers; another section describes the snobbish attitude of the school director, favoritism toward the very rich boys; I doubt whether Sim ever caned any boy whose father\u27s income was much above 2,000 pounds a year.... and there are sections discussing the cramming classes for the scholarship boys and the canings. It is a mistake to think that such methods of physical punishment do not work.... The boys themselves believed in its efficacy

A MORPHOLOGICAL COMPARATIVE STUDY BETWEEN ALBANIAN AND ENGLISH LANGUAGE

The aim of this study is to point out similarities and differences of English and Albanian language in the morphological level, trying to compare different parts of speech of both languages. Many languages do not distinguish between adjectives and adverbs or adjectives and names etc, i.e. the Albanian language differs in terms of gender and plural adjectives, while English has not such a feature. Therefore formal distinctions between parts of speech should be done within the framework of a given language and should not be applied in other languages .In this study we have analyzed nouns, verbs, adverbs, adjective structures, the use of articles, pronouns etc. in Albanian and English. In the light of modern linguistics, comparative method plays an important role in the acquisition of languages comparing the first language with the target language. Comparative method is also considered as a key factor in the scientific research of modern linguistics, so it can be used successfully in teaching

Preliminary Results from a Field Experiment of Three Fuel Economy Feedback Designs

Energy feedback to drivers is one method to engage drivers in energy saving driving styles. In contrast to the occasional broadcasting of general driving tips, in-vehicle energy feedback gives drivers access to accurate information about their specific driving situation on an ongoing basis. The increasing prevalence of such feedback in new vehicles suggests a belief that ongoing, in-vehicle feedback is better. However, there is little reliable evidence of the effectiveness of energy feedback in real-word driving in passenger vehicles. This study begins to fill this gap. Participants are given a commercially available fuel consumption display and recording device to use in their personal vehicle for two months. For the first month the display is blank as the device records a baseline of driving and fuel consumption. For the second month the display is switched on to show drivers one of three feedback designs. This paper presents preliminary results (N=36) of a larger study that will include 150 drivers along the California-Nevada Interstate-80 corridor. Using a mixed-effects linear model, an average decrease of 13 between 2% and 8% in fuel consumption (gallons/100 miles) between the without- and with-feedback months, depending on the feedback designs, is found. Categorizing trips into types based on distance and multiple speed characteristics, there are differences in the apparent effectiveness of feedback across trip types. Most trips average approximately 5% reduction in fuel consumption. The long distance highway trip type showed only a 1% decrease in fuel consumption between the two study periods

SYNTACTIC SIMILARITIES AND DIFFERENCES BETWEEN ALBANIAN AND ENGLISH

This paper aims to address some similarities and differences in English and Albanian syntax, as the two languages typologically belong to the same parent language, the Indo-European one, but of course each of them has its own special features. One of the most conspicuous features we will analyse is the word order in the sentence. It should be noted that the word order in Albanian sentences is more flexible than in English, since Albanian is a language with a highly developed flexion. For example, in indicative sentences in Albanian, apart from the Subject + Verb order, under certain conditions the Verb + Subject order can also be found, which does not occur in English. Furthermore, we will concentrate on the distribution of adjectives in noun phrases. A significant difference can be noticed in the order of the noun and adjectives in both these languages. In the paper will also be analysed some of the similarities and differences in the morphosyntax of various types of subordinate clauses in English and Albanian, as well as problems related to them. Similarities, but more specifically the differences, should be taken into consideration especially during the process of translation from one language to another