Illinois Corn Pest Management Program

Federal Extension ServiceAnimal and Plant Health Inspection Service (USDA)Ope

Sea level rise and sediment elevation dynamics in a hydrologically altered Puget Sound estuary

As sea level rise (SLR) accelerates in response to climate change, coastal wetlands must accrete vertically to prevent submergence and habitat loss. Padilla Bay, an estuary in the Puget Sound containing an expansive eelgrass meadow, has been hydrologically altered such that insufficient sedimentation may now prevent vertical accretion, potentially affecting the long-term survival of the eelgrass meadow. The objective of this study was to quantify trends in surface elevation change throughout Padilla Bay. To this end, our research group monitored surface elevation change at 19 sites from 2002-2010 using sediment elevation tables (SET\u27s). Additionally, I explored potential ecogeomorphic relationships between surface elevation change and selected physical (elevation, sediment characteristics) and biological (eelgrass biomass) variables. Only 1 of 19 study sites exhibited significant surface elevation gain, whereas, 9 sites exhibited significant elevation loss. The mean rate of surface elevation change throughout Padilla Bay was -0.22 ± 0.27 cm yr-¹, values ranged from -0.80 cm yr-¹ to 0.22 cm yr-¹. Accounting for surface elevation change, eustatic SLR (0.33 cm yr-¹), and regional geologic uplift (0.09 cm yr-¹), I calculated a mean surface elevation deficit of -0.46 ± 0.27 cm yr-¹. These findings indicate that surface elevation change in Padilla Bay is not keeping pace with the current rate of SLR. A negative relationship between surface elevation change and elevation, and a positive relationship between surface elevation change and eelgrass biomass were apparent, although correlations were non-significant. There was a significant negative correlation between elevation and eelgrass biomass. Surface elevation change did not correlate with the sediment properties measured (bulk density, mineral matter, organic matter). Although some ecogeomorphic patterns were detected, relationships remained indistinct and require further study. Sediment scour, induced by the SET benchmark, was observed at several SET sites in Padilla Bay, particularly un-vegetated and high elevation sites. Addressing potential bias introduced by sediment scour required a supplementary analysis providing both a detailed description of scour and the development of an analytical method for removing scour bias. This assessment provided a precise determination of when scour began to impact the SET data, indicated a specific location for truncating impacted datasets, and allowed scour bias in surface elevation change measurements to be removed. Scour was an unforeseen and undocumented byproduct of surface elevation monitoring, this study provides the first indication that alternative SET designs are necessary for use in macro-tidal mudflat habitats

Athletic Identity and Intention to Report Concussions in Collegiate Club Recreational Athletes

Background: Athletic identity is the extent to which one identifies with the athlete role, but we do not know what that looks like in club sports and its effect on concussion reporting intention. The athletic identity of club sport athletes and their intention to report concussive injuries is limited and needs further research. Purpose: Describe athletic identity in club sport athletes and determine its influence on concussion reporting in club sport participants. Methods: A convenience sample of 149 (age 18-28 (M= 19.95±1.81) years old) club sport athletes at Georgia Southern University completed the Athletic Identity Measurement Scale (AIMS) and Intention to Report Subscale (Theory of Planned Behavior Scale) during the 2022-2023 calendar year. Scores from the AIMS and Intention to Report Subscale served as dependent variables. Correlation analyses utilizing Pearson and Spearman’s Rho correlations examined the relationship between age, sex, sport, level of involvement, previous history of concussions, previous history of concussion education, athletic identity, and intention to report. Results: Participants averaged 11.16 years (SD = 5.34) of sport involvement with lacrosse (20.1%), men’s volleyball (12.5%), dance (11.1%), women’s volleyball (9.0%), cheer (7.6%), and quidditch (6.9%) providing the most responses. The average AIMs score for the entire sample was relatively moderate (M= 35.24± 7.77). The total number of years that athletes participated in sports was significantly associated with athletic identity (r= .387, p \u3c 0.001). Age was negatively associated with athletic identity (r= -0.23, p= 0.006). A moderate-high intent to report (M= 16.82±4.60) concussion was obtained. No correlations existed between athletic identity, age, sex, club sport, years in sport, and intention to report a concussion in club sport athletes. Conclusions: Club sport athletes do have an established athletic identity which could be impacted by years of participation in sport and age. No relationship existed between athletic identity and intention to report a concussion; however, the influence of identity playing a role in concussion reporting intention in club sport athletes should not be discounted because of the moderate-high intention to report found in this study

Experimental investigation of effects of jet decay rate on jet-induced pressures on a flat plate: Tabulated data

Tabular data are presented for an experimental study of the effects of jet decay rate on the jet-induced pressure distribution on a flat plate for a single jet issuing at right angle to the flat plate into a uniform crossflow. The data are presented in four sections: (1) presents the static nozzle calibration data; (2) lists the plate surface static pressure data and integrated loads; (3) lists the jet centerline trajectory data; and (4) lists the centerline dynamic pressure data

Dear Author, Your Book Is Important To Me

Research with letters written to authors for a contest showed that students often responded to literature in different ways according to the subgenre. Contemporary realistic fiction elicited many personalized responses while historical fiction elicited more responses that informed students\u27 lives. Students noted that high fantasy and science fiction affected their writing skills, while mystery and other science fiction supported reading growth. The research indicates that writing letters to authors is a viable response activity for students

Hydrodynamics at RHIC -- how well does it work, where and how does it break down?

I review the successes and limitations of the ideal fluid dynamic model in describing hadron emission spectra from Au+Au collisions at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC).Comment: 8 pages, 4 figures. Invited talk presented at Strange Quark Matter 2004 (Cape Town, Sep. 15-20, 2004). Proceedings to appear in Journal of Physics

Passive Margin evolution and control on natural gas leakage in the Orange Basin South Africa

Throughout exploration Block 2 of the Orange Basin offshore the South African continental margin, different natural gas leakage features and the relationship between natural gas leakage with structural and stratigraphic elements were studied. This study also quantifies liquid/gas hydrocarbon generation, migration and seepage dynamics through the post-rift history of the basin. The interpretation of seismic data reveals two mega-sequences: Cretaceous and Cenozoic that are subdivided by major stratigraphic unconformities into 5 and 2 sub-units, respectively. The basin is also divided into 2 structural domains: 1. an extensional domain characterized by basinward dipping listric normal faults rooted at the Cenomanian/Turonian level identified between 500 to 1500 m of present-day depth, 2. a compressional domain that accommodates the up-dip extension on the lower slope, and which is characterized by landward dipping thrust faults. One hundred and thirteen observed gas chimneys are identified and classified into .stratigraphically-controlled (sa-c) and structurally-controlled (s-c) chimneys. The ratio of s-c versus s-ac chimneys is estimated as 2:5, which suggest a strong stratigraphic control on natural gas leakage. The chimneys either terminate at the seafloor where active leaking gas is manifested by pockmarks, or are sealed within the Miocene (14 Ma) sequence as paleo-pockmarks. The s-c chimneys are located along the normal faults in the extensional domain, and terminate as seafloor mounds up to 1500 m in diameter and with heights between 10 to 50 m. The sa-c pockmarks range between 100 to 400 m in diameter, and are linked to stratigraphic onlaps and pinch-outs within the Aptian sequence. Several giant chimneys, with diameters of more than 7 km, are also identified. At least one of these displays apparent internal gravitational collap.se structures. Bright spots indicative of gas presence within these large chimneys were identified, but there is no evidence of acoustic turbidity or seismic pull-downs within these large structures. This suggests the giant chimneys are inactive paleo-gas-escape structures. Modelling suggests that gas from the lower Aptian and the Barremian source rocks migrates laterally-updip to the proximal parts of the basin where it accumulates beneath the Cenomanian/Turonian sequence that acts as a regional seal. Across the shelf-break and the upper slope, chimneys and pockmarks are fed from younger Cenomanian/Turonian source rocks. The migration model also indicates that fluids are about 24 times more likely to flow out of the study area than to be preserved within it. Since methane gas escaping across the sea floor into the exosphere (combined hydrosphere and atmosphere) may contribute to Earth s climate fluctuations, and because escaping gas must have been cut off when at least half of identified s-c chimneys were sealed within the Mioeene .sequenee, deerease of gas escape along the southern African continental margin may have to be factored into global Neogene cooling models

Cellulose Acetate Replica Cleaning Study of Genesis Non-Flight Sample 3CZ00327

The Genesis mission collected solar wind and brought it back to Earth in order to provide precise knowledge of solar isotopic and elemental compositions. The ions in the solar wind were stopped in the collectors at depths on the order of 10 to a few hundred nanometers. This shallow implantation layer is critical for scientific analysis of the composition of the solar wind and must be preserved throughout sample handling, cleaning, processing, distribution, preparation and analysis. We are working interactively with the community of scientists analyzing Genesis samples, using our unique laboratory facilities -- and, where needed, our unique cleaning techniques -- to significantly enhance the science return from the Genesis mission. This work is motivated by the need to understand the submicron contamination on the collectors in the Genesis payload as recovered from the crash site in the Utah desert, and -- perhaps more importantly -- how to remove it. That is, we are evaluating the effectiveness of the wet-chemical "cleaning" steps used by various investigators, to enable them to design improved methods of stripping terrestrial contamination from surfaces while still leaving the solar-wind signal intact

The Mythology of Game Theory

Non-cooperative game theory is at its heart a theory of cognition, specifically a theory of how decisions are made. Game theory\u27s leverage is that we can design different payoffs, settings, player arrays, action possibilities, and information structures, and that these differences lead to different strategies, outcomes, and equilibria. It is well-known that, in experimental settings, people do not adopt the predicted strategies, outcomes, and equilibria. The standard response to this mismatch of prediction and observation is to add various psychological axioms to the game-theoretic framework. Regardless of the differing specific proposals and results, game theory uniformly makes certain cognitive assumptions that seem rarely to be acknowledged, much less interrogated. Indeed, it is not widely understood that game theory is essentially a cognitive theory. Here, we interrogate those cognitive assumptions. We do more than reject specific predictions from specific games. More broadly, we reject the underlying cognitive model implicitly assumed by game theory