7 research outputs found
ZnaÄaj suvremenih metoda obraÄuna troÅ”kova
Cilj ovog zavrÅ”nog rada je objasniti sam pojam troÅ”ka i njegove podjele, opisati tradicionalne metode obraÄuna troÅ”kova te kao glavni dio rada utvrditi najvažnije znaÄajke suvremenih metoda obraÄuna troÅ”kova. S napretkom tehnologije mijenjaju se i uvjeti proizvodnje, Å”to zahtijeva koriÅ”tenje novih metoda i novih alata menadžmenta u svrhu osvajanja i zadržavanja visokog položaja na tržiÅ”tu. Veliki problem poduzeÄima danas predstavlja pronaÄi naÄin kako Å”to uspjeÅ”nije upravljati troÅ”kovima radi ostvarenja konkurentske prednosti i profitabilnosti poduzeÄa. Postizanje troÅ”kovne efikasnosti je glavni faktor kojemu svako poduzeÄe mora težiti jer, u suprotnom, raznolikost proizvoda i usluga dovodi do problema u rasporedu neizravnih troÅ”kova te troÅ”kova po jedinici proizvoda. Kako bi se rijeÅ”io problem sve veÄeg udjela neizravnih troÅ”kova u ukupnim potrebno je koristiti suvremene metode obraÄuna koje rjeÅ”avaju problem prodaje odreÄenog proizvoda u cilju vrednovanja zaliha i troÅ”kova. Glavna metoda poboljÅ”anja upravljanja troÅ”kovima jest ABC metoda, tj. metoda praÄenja i rasporeÄivanja troÅ”kova utemeljena na aktivnostima. Druga suvremena metoda obraÄuna troÅ”kova je TC, odnosno Target Costing metoda koja služi za reduciranje ukupnih troÅ”kova tijekom životnog ciklusa proizvoda. Kroz rad Äe se analizirati metode obraÄuna i upravljanja troÅ”kovima te istražiti prednosti i koristi, kao i nedostaci suvremenih i tradicionalnih metoda obraÄuna troÅ”kova
Segmental cavernous carotid ectasia in a patient with cluster-like headache
Introduction
Cluster headache (CH) is a primary headache with severe, unilateral periorbital or temporal pain lasting 15ā180min, accompanied with various cranial autonomic features. A diagnosis of cluster-like headache can be made whenever underlying cause of CLH is present.
Methods and results
We report a case where an ectatic cavernous segment of the internal carotid artery triggered CHL, most probably due to compression of the ophthalmic nerve within cavernous sinus. The pathological substrate of a vessel ectasia is degeneration of the tunica intima as a consequence of atherosclerosis and hypertension. On the other hand, cavernous sinus is unique space where parasympathetic, sympathetic and nociceptive fibers are in intimate relationship which is of great importance for understanding of CH pathophysiology.
Conclusion
Magnetic resonance imaging and MR angiography are mandatory imaging tools used for precise localization of pathological changes in the cavernous sinus, especially in the group of secondary headaches attributed to vascular disorders
THERMAL EFFECT ON FREE VIBRATION AND BUCKLING OF A DOUBLE-MICROBEAM SYSTEM
The paper investigates the problem of free vibration and buckling of an Euler-Bernoulli double-microbeam system (EBDMBS) under the compressive axial loading with a temperature change effect. The system is composed of two identical, parallel simply-supported microbeams which are continuously joined by the Pasternakās elastic layer. Analytical expressions for the critical buckling load, critical buckling temperature, natural frequencies and frequencies of transverse vibration of the EBDMBS represented by the ratios are derived and validated by the results found in the literature. Also analytical expressions are obtained for various buckling states and vibration-phase of the EBDMBS. The temperature change effect is assumed to have an influence on both the microbeams. The length scale parameter, temperature change effect, critical buckling load, thickness/material parameter, Pasternakās parameter and Poissonās effect are discussed in detail. Also, as a clearer display of the thermo-mechanical response of EBDMBS, the paper introduces a critical scale load ratio of the modified and the local critical buckling loads in low-temperature environs. Numerical results show that the critical buckling temperatures for classical theories are always higher than the critical buckling temperature for MCST systems
SluÄaj vjerojatne neurosarkoidoze koji se manifestira kao jednostrana oftalmoplegija
Sarcoidosis is a multisystem disease of unknown etiology, characterized by the presence of noncaseating epithelioid granulomas and accumulation of T lymphocytes and mononuclear phagocytes, which damages the normal structure of tissues. Isolated form of neurosarcoidosis is very rare and difficult to diagnose and requires histologic confirmation of noncaseating granulomas in the nervous tissue. We report a case of a 55-year-old female who had probable isolated neurosarcoidosis based on magnetic resonance imaging findings of relapsing pachymeningitis with an inflammatory process in the apex of the right orbit and pseudotumor inflammation of the superior and lateral recti of the right eye. Diagnosis was further verified by positive response to dual corticosteroid and immunosuppressive therapy. Our case demonstrates the importance of considering isolated neurosarcoidosis as a potential underlying etiology of painful ophthalmoplegia, even without systemic manifestation of the disease.Sarkoidoza je multisistemska bolest nepoznate etiologije koju karakterizira prisutnost nekazeoznih epiteloidnih granuloma s nakupljanjem T limfocita i mononuklearnih fagocita te naruÅ”avanjem normalne tkivne arhitektonike. Izolirani oblik neurosarkoidoze je vrlo rijedak i teÅ”ko ga je dijagnosticirati te zahtijeva histoloÅ”ku potvrdu nekazeoznih granuloma u živÄanom tkivu. Prikazujemo sluÄaj 55-godiÅ”nje žene koja je vjerojatno imala izoliranu neurosarkoidozu, Å”to je zakljuÄeno na temelju nalaza magnetske rezonancije koji je pokazao recidivirajuÄi pahimeningitis s upalnim procesom u vrhu
desne orbite i pseudotumorskom upalom gornjeg i vanjskog ravnog miÅ”iÄa desnog oka. Dijagnoza je dodatno potvrÄena pozitivnim odgovorom na dvojnu kortikosteroidnu i imunosupresivnu terapiju. SluÄaj naÅ”e bolesnice pokazuje važnost razmatranja izolirane neurosarkoidoze kao potencijalnog etioloÅ”kog uzroka bolne oftalmoplegije, Äak i bez sistemske manifestacije bolesti
A Case of Probable Neurosarcoidosis Presenting as Unilateral Ophthalmoplegia
Sarcoidosis is a multisystem disease of unknown etiology, characterized by the presence of noncaseating epithelioid granulomas and accumulation of T lymphocytes and mononuclear phagocytes, which damages the normal structure of tissues. Isolated form of neurosarcoidosis is very rare and difficult to diagnose and requires histologic confirmation of noncaseating granulomas in the nervous tissue. We report a case of a 55-year-old female who had probable isolated neurosarcoidosis based on magnetic resonance imaging findings of relapsing pachymeningitis with an inflammatory process in the apex of the right orbit and pseudotumor inflammation of the superior and lateral recti of the right eye. Diagnosis was further verified by positive response to dual corticosteroid and immunosuppressive therapy. Our case demonstrates the importance of considering isolated neurosarcoidosis as a potential underlying etiology of painful ophthalmoplegia, even without systemic manifestation of the disease