Digitization in teacher education. Challenges, development areas, and funding objectives

Auf Einladung des Bundesministeriums für Bildung und Forschung (BMBF) hat sich im Sommer 2018 eine bundesweite Expertengruppe mit zentralen Herausforderungen im Bereich der Digitalisierung in der Lehrerbildung beschäftigt. Auf der Grundlage der Einschätzung von Expert*innen sowie weiterer wissenschaftlicher Befunde und Erkenntnisse wurde vor diesem Hintergrund - auch unter Berücksichtigung der finanziellen Rahmenbedingungen - ein Konzept entworfen, wie eine entsprechende Förderlinie im Rahmen der Qualitätsoffensive Lehrerbildung aussehen könnte. Auch wurde beraten, welche Anforderungen an die Anträge im Sinne zukunftsweisender Gesamtkonzepte zu stellen sind. Der Beitrag stellt insofern ein vertiefendes Hintergrundpapier zur Förderrichtlinie des BMBF in der Qualitätsoffensive Lehrerbildung mit dem Schwerpunkt Digitalisierung dar und eröffnet gleichzeitig Perspektiven für zukünftige Entwicklungen. (DIPF/Orig.)Responding to the invitation of the Federal Ministry of Education and Research (Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung - BMBF), a nationwide expert group discussed key challenges in the area of digitization in teacher education in the summer of 2018. Against this background, based on further scientific findings and with regard to the financial conditions, it was considered what the corresponding funding line within the program "Qualitätsoffensive Lehrerbildung" could look like. The group also discussed the requirements for the applications in the sense of future-oriented overall concepts. In this respect, the article presents an in-depth background paper on the funding guidelines of the BMBF in the "Qualitätsoffensive Lehrerbildung" with a focus on digitization and offers perspectives for future developments. (DIPF/Orig.

Inhibition of radiation induced migration of human head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cells by blocking of EGF receptor pathways

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Recently it has been shown that radiation induces migration of glioma cells and facilitates a further spread of tumor cells locally and systemically. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether radiotherapy induces migration in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). A further aim was to investigate the effects of blocking the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and its downstream pathways (Raf/MEK/ERK, PI3K/Akt) on tumor cell migration in vitro.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Migration of tumor cells was assessed via a wound healing assay and proliferation by a MTT colorimeritric assay using 3 HNSCC cell lines (BHY, CAL-27, HN). The cells were treated with increasing doses of irradiation (2 Gy, 5 Gy, 8 Gy) in the presence or absence of EGF, EGFR-antagonist (AG1478) or inhibitors of the downstream pathways PI3K (LY294002), mTOR (rapamycin) and MEK1 (PD98059). Biochemical activation of EGFR and the downstream markers Akt and ERK were examined by Western blot analysis.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>In absence of stimulation or inhibition, increasing doses of irradiation induced a dose-dependent enhancement of migrating cells (p < 0.05 for the 3 HNSCC cell lines) and a decrease of cell proliferation (p < 0.05 for the 3 HNSCC cell lines). The inhibition of EGFR or the downstream pathways reduced cell migration significantly (almost all p < 0.05 for the 3 HNSCC cell lines). Stimulation of HNSCC cells with EGF caused a significant increase in migration (p < 0.05 for the 3 HNSCC cell lines). After irradiation alone a pronounced activation of EGFR was observed by Western blot analysis.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Our results demonstrate that the EGFR is involved in radiation induced migration of HNSCC cells. Therefore EGFR or the downstream pathways might be a target for the treatment of HNSCC to improve the efficacy of radiotherapy.</p

Guidelines for the use of flow cytometry and cell sorting in immunological studies (third edition)

The third edition of Flow Cytometry Guidelines provides the key aspects to consider when performing flow cytometry experiments and includes comprehensive sections describing phenotypes and functional assays of all major human and murine immune cell subsets. Notably, the Guidelines contain helpful tables highlighting phenotypes and key differences between human and murine cells. Another useful feature of this edition is the flow cytometry analysis of clinical samples with examples of flow cytometry applications in the context of autoimmune diseases, cancers as well as acute and chronic infectious diseases. Furthermore, there are sections detailing tips, tricks and pitfalls to avoid. All sections are written and peer‐reviewed by leading flow cytometry experts and immunologists, making this edition an essential and state‐of‐the‐art handbook for basic and clinical researchers.DFG, 389687267, Kompartimentalisierung, Aufrechterhaltung und Reaktivierung humaner Gedächtnis-T-Lymphozyten aus Knochenmark und peripherem BlutDFG, 80750187, SFB 841: Leberentzündungen: Infektion, Immunregulation und KonsequenzenEC/H2020/800924/EU/International Cancer Research Fellowships - 2/iCARE-2DFG, 252623821, Die Rolle von follikulären T-Helferzellen in T-Helferzell-Differenzierung, Funktion und PlastizitätDFG, 390873048, EXC 2151: ImmunoSensation2 - the immune sensory syste