206 research outputs found
About the situation of spruce plantations in the South-East region of the State Forest Management Centre
Bakalaureusetöö
Metsanduse ÔppekavalBakalaureusetöö eesmÀrgiks on uurida erineva juurekavaga hariliku kuuse taimede
kordaminekut ja juurdekasvu VĂ”rumaa metskonnas. TĂ€psemalt annab töö ĂŒlevaate
kuusekultuuride kordaminekust, kus erinevateks teguriteks on taime kÔrgus ja juurdekasv,
istutusmaterjali tĂŒĂŒp, kasvukohatĂŒĂŒp, istutusaasta ning parameetriteks kĂ”rgus, juurdekasv
ja arvukus. Viimase sajandi vÀltel on Eestis olnud kasutusel peamiselt paljasjuursed mÀnnija
kuusetaimed. PÔhjamaades on tÀnapÀeval kasutuses peamiselt konteinertaimed.
Uuritavad alad asusid VÔrumaa metskonnas, kus sai kokku mÔÔdetud 11 eraldist. Eraldistel
oli istutusmaterjalideks avajuursed taimed ning potitaimed. MÔÔdetavatel aladel esines
peamiselt kaks kasvukohatĂŒĂŒpi: jĂ€nesekapsa ja jĂ€nesekapsa-mustika kasvukohatĂŒĂŒp. Kuuse
taimed olid istutatud 2014., 2015. ning 2016. Aastal. MÔÔtmistööd viidi lÀbi 2016. aastal,
taimede kasvuperioodi lÔppedes, oktoobris ja novembris. MÔÔtmiste kÀigus uuriti taimede
kĂ”rguseid, juurdekasvu ning selle seost istutusmaterjali tĂŒĂŒbiga, kasvukohatĂŒĂŒbiga,
istutusaastaga. Tulemustest selgus, avajuursed taimed olid kÔrgemad, kuid vÀiksema
juurdekasvuga kui potitaimed. Kuusetaimede juurdekasv vÔrreldes eelneva kasvuaasta
juurdekasvuga suurenes. KasvukohatĂŒĂŒpide vĂ”rdluses ei ilmnenud antud töös selget mĂ”ju
taimedele. VÔrumaa metskonnas esines kuusekultuuridest kÔige enam 2014. aastal istutatud
avajuurseid taimi. Potitaimedest oli samuti kÔige arvukam 2014. aasta.
Töö tulemuste pÔhjal ei saa teha kindlaid jÀreldusi, milline oleks sobiv vÔi parem
kasvukohatĂŒĂŒp kuuse kultuuride rajamisel. Selge on see, et avajuursed taimed on
kÔrgemad, potitaimed parema juurdekasvuga ning juurdekasv suureneb kasvuaastate
möödudes.The aim of the thesis is to compare growth and success of seedlings of different root
systems of spruce plantation in wooldlands of VÔru county.
The thesis gives an overview about success of seedlings of different root systems of
spruce plantation, which proceeds a factors of the spruce plants height, growth, root
systems, forest site type, the date of planting and also the amount of plants per hectare.
Mostly spruce and pine bare root seedlings have been commonly used in Estonia for
reforestration for the last century. Nowadays in Nordic countries most of the forest
planting stock has been taken over by containerized planting stock.
The areas examined were choosen from from woodlands in VÔru county. There were 11
measured forest allocations. There were bare-root and containerized plants in the areas
examined. The areas examined were mainly oxalis and oxalis vaccinium myrtillus forest
site type. The spruce plantations were planted in 2014, 2015 and 2016. The measures had
been taken in october and november 2016, when the plants growth period was ended. In
the process of measuring got examineed the heights, growth and its relation of different
root systems, forest site type and the date of planting. The results show that the bare-root
spruce plantations were higher, but the growth were lower than containerized plants. The
growth of spruce plantations went higher year by year. The comparing of the forest site
tipes did not gave any perspicuous results of impact to plantations. The biggest amounts
of plantations in VÔru woodlands were covered by bare-root plants and containerized
spruce plants, which were planted in 2014
Schwingungsspektroskopische Untersuchungen zur Biomineralisation
Die Schwingungsspektroskopie, besonders die Raman-Spektroskopie, stellt ein wichtiges Werkzeug fĂŒr Untersuchungen von Biomineralien dar. Raman-Spektroskopie wurde zur Untersuchung der organischen und anorganischen Bestandteile von Schwammskeletten eingesetzt. Die Raman-Spektroskopie trug auch zur Charakterisierung von biomimetischen Silikat-PrĂ€zipitaten bei.
Durch ortsaufgelöste Raman-Spektroskopie konnte erstmalig die Verteilung von organischem Material in den extrahierten SilikatzellwÀnden von Kieselalgen nachgewiesen werden. Die ortsaufgelöste Raman-Spektroskopie wurde ebenfalls zur Untersuchung des SERS-Effekts an ZellwÀnden von Kieselalgen an die Silber-Nanopartikel gekoppelt waren eingesetzt
Welding-base metal investigation Final report, 27 Jun. 1964 - 28 Jul. 1965
Weld defects associated with aluminum alloys - monitoring weld shielding gas purit
Leveraging Accelerometer Data for Lameness Detection in Dairy Cows: A Longitudinal Study of Six Farms in Germany
Lameness in dairy cows poses a significant challenge to improving animal well-being and optimizing economic efficiency in the dairy industry. To address this, employing automated animal surveillance for early lameness detection and prevention through activity sensors proves to be a promising strategy. In this study, we analyzed activity (accelerometer) data and additional cow-individual and farm-related data from a longitudinal study involving 4860 Holstein dairy cows on six farms in Germany during 2015â2016. We designed and investigated various statistical models and chose a logistic regression model with mixed effects capable of detecting lameness with a sensitivity of 77%. Our results demonstrate the potential of automated animal surveillance and hold the promise of significantly improving lameness detection approaches in dairy livestock
Falling through the social safety net? Analysing nonâtakeâup of minimum income benefit and monetary social assistance in Austria
Nonâtakeâup of means tested benefits is a widespread phenomenon in European welfare states. The paper assesses whether the reform that replaced the monetary social assistance benefit by the minimum income benefit in Austria in 2010/11 has succeeded in increasing take up rates. We use EUâSILC register data together with the taxâbenefit microsimulation model EUROMOD/SORESI. The results show that the reform led to a significant decrease of nonâtakeâup from 53 to 30% in terms of the number of households and from 51 to 30% in terms of expenditure. Following the threeât's (threshold, trigger, and tradeâoff) introduced by Van Oorschot, estimates of a twoâstage Heckman selection model as well as expert interviews indicate that the taken measures include both threshold and tradeâoff characteristics. Elements such as the higher degree of anonymity within the claiming process, the provision of health insurance, binding minimum standards, the limitation of the maintenance obligations, new regulations related to the liquidation of wealth, as well as the general coverage of the benefit reform in the media and in public discussions led to an improved access to the benefit
Sham or realâPost hoc estimation of stimulation condition in a randomized transcranial magnetic stimulation trial
Selecting a suitable sham condition within the frame of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) treatment trials is a central issue. On the one hand, the ideal sham condition should not have a real stimulation effect; on the other hand, it should not be recognized as sham by patients, particularly when considering that real stimulation conditions come along with rTMS specific side effects. Within the course of a multi-centre trial assessing the antidepressant effects of rTMS, patients were randomized to sham or real stimulation, in both cases using a standard stimulation coil. In one centre, patients (n = 33) were asked about their impression whether they received the sham or the real treatment, and if they would recommend the treatment to others. 29 patients returned the questionnaires and were included into the analysis. From 15 subjects with real stimulation, 11 suggested to have obtained real, and 4 to have obtained sham. From 14 sham stimulated subjects, 9 suggested to have obtained the real condition and 5 to have been sham stimulated. This difference was not significant (p = 0.60, chi square test). In addition, the major part of patients in both stimulation conditions would recommend rTMS to others. In both conditions, real and sham, the majority of subjects believed to have obtained the real condition. This implies suitability of the sham condition used since subjects appeared not to be able to identify the condition. The results imply the feasibility of a valid sham condition with a ârealâ coil
One-year outcomes in a multicentre cohort study of incident rare diffuse parenchymal lung disease in children (ChILD)
We performed a prospective, observational, cohort study of children newly diagnosed with children's interstitial lung disease (ChILD), with structured follow-up at 4, 8, 12 weeks and 6 and 12 months. 127 children, median age 0.9 (IQR 0.3-7.9) years had dyspnoea (68%, 69/102), tachypnoea (75%, 77/103) and low oxygen saturation (SpO(2)) median 92% (IQR 88-96). Death (n=20, 16%) was the most common in those <6 months of age with SpO(2)<94% and developmental/surfactant disorders. We report for the first time that ChILD survivors improved multiple clinical parameters within 8-12 weeks of diagnosis. These data can inform family discussions and support clinical trial measurements
Abnormal CTLA-4 function in T cells from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus
This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: Jury, E.C., FloresâBorja, F., Kalsi, H.S., Lazarus, M., Isenberg, D.A., Mauri, C. and Ehrenstein, M.R. (2010), Abnormal CTLAâ4 function in T cells from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Eur. J. Immunol., 40: 569-578. doi:10.1002/eji.200939781, which has been published in final form at https://doi.org/10.1002/eji.200939781. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Use of Self-Archived VersionsCTLAâ4 is a critical gatekeeper of Tâcell activation and immunological tolerance and has been implicated in patients with a variety of autoimmune diseases through genetic association. Since T cells from patients with the autoimmune disease systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) display a characteristic hyperactive phenotype, we investigated the function of CTLAâ4 in SLE. Our results reveal increased CTLAâ4 expression in FOXP3â responder T cells from patients with SLE compared with other autoimmune rheumatic diseases and healthy controls. However, CTLAâ4 was unable to regulate Tâcell proliferation, lipid microdomain formation and phosphorylation of TCRâζ following CD3/CD28 coâstimulation, in contrast to healthy T cells. Although lupus T cells responded in vitro to CD3/CD28 coâstimulation, there was no parallel increase in CTLAâ4 expression, which would normally provide a break on Tâcell proliferation. These defects were associated with exclusion of CTLAâ4 from lipid microdomains providing an anatomical basis for its loss of function. Collectively our data identify CTLAâ4 dysfunction as a potential cause for abnormal Tâcell activation in patients with SLE, which could be targeted for therapy.This study was supported by the ArthritisResearch Campaign (arc). E.C.J. is an arc Career DevelopmentFellow (grant numbers 17319, 18106); F.F.B. is supported by the arc (grant numbers 16309, 17707); M.L. is an arc Clinical Fellow(grant number I.7989)
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