Determination of protein value and water absorption in chickpea (Cicer Aiietinuml.) seeds during germination

Protein and water absorption values were investigated in Cagatay and Gokhoyuk varieties of chickpea (Cicer arietinum) seeds after germination. The crude protein content were determined as 29.14% by dry weight in Cagatay and 26.13% in Gokhoyuk varieties respectively. Following imbibition, the amount of water absorption increased up to approximately 50% to 60% in both varieties. Crude protein content increased by 10.4% and 14.2% and carbohydrate content increased by 0.45% and 0.41% respectively for Cagatay and Gokhoyuk varieties of chickpea seeds. In addition, total viability of microorganisms, yeasts and molds were also determined after germination. Inactivation of microorganisms (including yeast and molds) to acceptable safe limits were noted, after soaking in hot water at 950 C for five minutes

Experiencia de trabajo de enfermeras inmigrantes y de minorías étnicas en los servicios de salud europeos: Un estudio cualitativo

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the perception of culture and experience of working in European health services of a purposive sample of qualified migrant and ethnic minority nurses currently living in Belgium, Portugal, Spain and Turkey. METHOD: A qualitative phenomenological method was chosen. Individual interviews took place with 8 qualified migrant and ethnic minority nurses currently living in four European countries. Thematic analysis was conducted using Braun and Clark's stages after qualitative data had been verbatim transcribed, translated into English, and analyzed. RESULTS: Four themes and 4 subthemes emerged from thematic analysis of the transcripts. CONCLUSION: Migrant and ethnic minority nurses working in the European Union experience and witness discrimination and prejudice from patients and colleagues due to cultural differences. European health services should closely monitor and address discrimination and prejudice towards migrant and ethnic minority staff and patients, and take initiatives to reduce and, eventually, eradicate them.Objetivo: Analisar a percepção da cultura e experiência de trabalho em serviços de saúde europeus de uma amostra intencional de enfermeiros qualificados migrantes e de minorias étnicas que moram atualmente na Bélgica, Portugal, Espanha e Turquia. Método: Optou-se pelo método fenomenológico qualitativo. Realizaram-se entrevistas individuais com 8 enfermeiros qualificados migrantes e de minorias étnicas que moram atualmente em quatro países europeus. A análise temática foi realizada por meio das etapas de Braun e Clark após os dados qualitativos terem sido transcritos na íntegra, traduzidos para o inglês e analisados. Resultados: Quatro temas e 4 subtemas emergiram da análise temática das transcrições. Conclusão: Enfermeiros migrantes e de minorias étnicas que trabalham na União Europeia vivenciam e testemunham discriminação e preconceito de pacientes e colegas devido a diferenças culturais. Os serviços de saúde europeus devem acompanhar de perto e combater a discriminação e o preconceito contra os trabalhadores e pacientes migrantes e de minorias étnicas, e tomar iniciativas para os reduzir e, em seguida, erradicá-los

Student Nurse Perceptions of Gypsy Roma Travellers; A European Qualitative Study.

Background; Gypsy Roma Travellers are Europe’s largest ethnic minority group. Yet they remain one of the most stigmatised communities who have significant health inequalities. Whilst nurses have a role in promoting health access, there have been minimal studies exploring health care professionals’ attitudes towards these communities and no studies exploring nursing students’ perceptions. Objectives; To explore nursing students understanding, knowledge and perceptions of working with Gypsy Roma Travellers Participants; 23 nursing students from across four European countries (UK, Spain, Belgium, Turkey) participated in the study. The students ages ranged between 19-32 year old, there was a mix of students between year one to year three of their programme and both male (n=3) and female students (n=19). Methods; This qualitative research utilised focus groups and one to one interviews based at the four different universities, all following a pre-agreed interview schedule. Focus groups and interviews were conducted by the research team in the students’ first language and later translated into English for analysis using thematic analysis. The COREQ criteria were used in the reporting of the study. Results; Four themes were identified which included: Exposure to Gypsy Roma Traveller Communities, Perceptions of Gypsy Roma Traveller cultures, Unhealthy lifestyles and culture and Nursing Gypsy Roma Travellers. Conclusions; Although personal and professional contact with Gypsy Roma Travellers was limited, most of the students’ perceptions of these communities were negative. Nurse educational programmes need to embed transformational learning opportunities enabling student nurses to critically reflect upon values and beliefs of Gypsy Roma Travellers developed both before and during their nursing preparatory programme if they are to work effectively in a respectful, culturally sensitive way. There is also generally, a lack of research focussing upon healthcare professionals’ attitudes towards these communities that needs to be explored through further research

Determination of malnutrition and nutritional risks in aged individuals between 65 and 84 years in Turkey

BACKGROUND: Nutritional inadequacy, physical impairments, and degenerative diseases are the main causes of a general deterioration in health and quality of life in aged individuals. OBJECTIVE: The to determine malnutrition and nutritional risks in Turkish aged individuals by evaluating nutritional status and recording anthropometric measurements. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Eight hundred and eighty-seven Turkish aged individuals aged between 64 and 85 years participated in the study. Nutritional habits were interrogated by face to face interview method. Anthropometric measurements (body mass index [BMI], waist, hip, and upper-middle arm circumference), nutritional screening index (NSI), and mini nutritional assessment scale (MNA) were used to evaluate nutritional status and malnutrition risk among the participants. RESULTS: As per MNA, 29.8% of females, 22.1% of males were at malnutrition risk whereas 4.5% of females and 4.3% of males were malnourished. In NSI evaluations, 23.3% of females and 17.1% of males were at medium risk whereas, 12.6% of females and 6.5% of males were in high-risk category. A moderate positive correlation was found between the BMIs of the individuals and upper-middle arm circumferences (P < 0.05). Furthermore, a moderate positive correlation was found between MNA and NSI scores (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: It is necessary to evaluate the nutritional and health status of elderly people at a regular basis. Further studies are required for suitable nutritional intervention or recommendations for the aged group

Vitamin d deficiency in children: Health consequences and prevention

WOS:000462704100018Childhood is a period during which the children complete their physical, mental, and social development. The main components contributing to a positive childhood are nutrition, health, and education. Because malnutrition has direct consequences on health, it represents a significant topic of concern (Toruner and Buyukgonenc, 2012). Healthy nutrition can be briefly defined as consumption of all nutritional elements in sufficient and balanced amounts (Toruner and Buyukgonenc, 2012). Nutritional demands vary based on age groups. Today, prophylactic supportive therapies are used to overcome underconsumption of certain nutritional elements (Tellioglu and Basaran, 2013)

Assessment of nutrition status of Turkish elite young male soccer players in the pre-competition period

Background: Follow up of the nutrition consumption of young soccer players is of great importance not only for their sport performance, but also for the protection of health, physical growth and development. Aim: The objective of this study was to evaluate the nutritional sufficiency status of elite young male athletes in the pre-competition period. Methods: Three-day food consumption and anthropometric measurements of the elite young athletes in the pre-competition period were recorded for 26 male voluntary athletes from a pro-professional soccer team based in Ankara Turkey. Results: The mean height of the athletes were calculated as 175.2 +/- 6.8 cm, weight 67.3 +/- 5.9 kg, body mass index (BMI) as 21.9 +/- 1.3 kg/m(2) and body fat percentage 6.2 +/- 1.7. It was determined that the athletes received an average of 3225 +/- 692 kcal energy daily whereas their mean energy expenditures per day were 3322 +/- 240 kcal. The ratios of energy received from carbohydrate, protein and fats were 53.6%, 16.2%, and 30.2%, respectively. Carbohydrate and protein consumption/day/kg body weight were 6.3 +/- 1.7 g and 1.9 +/- 0.5 g, respectively. It was determined that vitamin D consumption was inadequate for 92.3% of the athletes and calcium consumption was inadequate for 50% of the athletes. On the other hand, all of the athletes consumed vitamins B-2, B-6 and B-12 as well as phosphorus, iron and zinc above recommended quantities. Conclusions: Nutrient consumption of young athletes at the beginning of their professional life must be monitored by a qualified dietitian and each athlete must have an individual dietary plan. Nutrition education must be arranged and the athletes' families must be included in these trainings

Qualified nurses' perceptions of cultural competence and experiences of caring for culturally diverse patients: A qualitative study in four European countries

Background: European nurses are expected to provide appropriate care for patients from diverse cultural backgrounds. However, there is limited knowledge and understanding of this process. The aim of this study was to analyse the perceptions of culture and experiences of caring for patients from diverse cultural backgrounds of a purposive sample of qualified nurses from four European countries, namely Belgium, Portugal, Spain and Turkey. Methods: A qualitative phenomenological approach was selected in order to understand complex phenomena through the participants' lived experiences, meanings and perspectives. Individual interviews and focus groups took place with 28 staff nurses and 11 nurse managers from four European countries. The sociodemographic and cultural characteristics of the sample were described and analysed using descriptive statistics. Qualitative data were transcribed verbatim, translated into English and analysed following Braun and Clark's phases for thematic analysis. Results: Five themes and twelve subthemes emerged from thematic analysis of the transcripts. The themes included: (1) relevance of culture for nursing; (2) culture in the healthcare service; (3) qualities of the healthcare professionals; (4) challenges to culturally competent care; (5) becoming a culturally competent nurse. Conclusions: There are challenges to the delivery of culturally congruent care, namely language and communication difficulties, prejudices and stereotyping in the health service, a tendency for ethnocentrism, a lack of education and training in cultural competence and a lack of support from the health service to facilitate new ways of acting.Erasmus+ program under Key Action 203 Strategic Partnerships for Higher Educatio

Experiência de enfermeiros migrantes e de minorias étnicas em trabalho em serviços de saúde europeus: estudo qualitativo

Objetivo: Analisar a percepção da cultura e experiência de trabalho em serviços de saúde europeus de uma amostra intencional de enfermeiros qualificados migrantes e de minorias étnicas que moram atualmente na Bélgica, Portugal, Espanha e Turquia. Método: Optou-se pelo método fenomenológico qualitativo. Realizaram-se entrevistas individuais com 8 enfermeiros qualificados migrantes e de minorias étnicas que moram atualmente em quatro países europeus. A análise temática foi realizada por meio das etapas de Braun e Clark após os dados qualitativos terem sido transcritos na íntegra, traduzidos para o inglês e analisados. Resultados: Quatro temas e 4 subtemas emergiram da análise temática das transcrições. Conclusão: Enfermeiros migrantes e de minorias étnicas que trabalham na União Europeia vivenciam e testemunham discriminação e preconceito de pacientes e colegas devido a diferenças culturais. Os serviços de saúde europeus devem acompanhar de perto e combater a discriminação e o preconceito contra os trabalhadores e pacientes migrantes e de minorias étnicas, e tomar iniciativas para os reduzir e, em seguida, erradicá-los.Objetivo: Analizar la percepción de la cultura y la experiencia de trabajar en los servicios de salud europeos de una muestra intencional de enfermeros calificados de minorías étnicas y migrantes que actualmente viven en Bélgica, Portugal, España y Turquía. Método: Se decidió utilizar un método cualitativo fenomenológico. Se realizaron entrevistas individuales con 8 enfermeros calificados inmigrantes y de minorías étnicas que actualmente viven en cuatro países europeos. El análisis temático se realizó utilizando las etapas de Braun y Clark después de que los datos cualitativos fueran transcritos palabra por palabra, traducidos al inglés y analizados. Resultados: Del análisis temático de las transcripciones surgieron 4 temas y 4 subtemas. Conclusión: Los enfermeros de minorías étnicas y migrantes que trabajan en la Unión Europea experimentan y son testigos de la discriminación y de los prejuicios de los pacientes y colegas sobre la base de la diferencia cultural. Los servicios de salud europeos deben monitorear de cerca y abordar la discriminación y los prejuicios hacia el personal y los pacientes de minorías étnicas y migrantes, y tomar iniciativas para reducirlos y, eventualmente, erradicarlos.Objective: To analyze the perception of culture and experience of working in European health services of a purposive sample of qualified migrant and ethnic minority nurses currently living in Belgium, Portugal, Spain and Turkey. Method: A qualitative phenomenological method was chosen. Individual interviews took place with 8 qualified migrant and ethnic minority nurses currently living in four European countries. Thematic analysis was conducted using Braun and Clark’s stages after qualitative data had been verbatim transcribed, translated into English, and analyzed Results: Four themes and 4 subthemes emerged from thematic analysis of the transcripts. Conclusion: Migrant and ethnic minority nurses working in the European Union experience and witness discrimination and prejudice from patients and colleagues due to cultural differences. European health services should closely monitor and address discrimination and prejudice towards migrant and ethnic minority staff and patients, and take initiatives to reduce and, eventually, eradicate them