The Ursinus Weekly, December 10, 1951

Feulner goes to convention in New York • Supply Store announces 40 percent reductions • Pi Gamma Mu sets initiation banquet for new members • Booster Committee doing art work • Messiah concert called credit to Philip\u27s directing ability • Harte and Lukens named \u2753 year book co-editors • Count to speak at 3rd Forum on January 9 • Y hears lecture on loyalty oath • Students dance at winter whirl • Inge Rudloff to speak • Pre-Christmas week of gay events arrives • Curtain Club may give play again • Candlelight Communion planned Thursday night • St. Nick furthers his education by paying visit to Ursinus College • Editorials: Christmas spirit; Thanks for paint job; New religion discovered • English dorm life described as much different from U.S. • I\u27m dreaming of a tight Christmas • Christmas spirits rise as caroling day draws near • Investment in dinner at Millers\u27 home pays high dividends • Bruin court squad scores 67-61 win over Lycoming team in extra period • Snell\u27s Belles practice for coming court season • Intramural basketball to start after Xmas vacation • Temple Pharmacy defeated by locals as 1951-52 basketball season begins • Twenty-seven report to Coach Kuhrt Wieneke for wrestling • Crusaders\u27 rally dies as Bears win thriller, 60-58 • French Club holds annual holiday soiree • Teacher to address FTA • Jones reads Galsworthy • Chest reaches half mark • Chess Club scores loss to Lansdale teamhttps://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/weekly/1530/thumbnail.jp

Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring autophagy (4th edition)

In 2008, we published the first set of guidelines for standardizing research in autophagy. Since then, this topic has received increasing attention, and many scientists have entered the field. Our knowledge base and relevant new technologies have also been expanding. Thus, it is important to formulate on a regular basis updated guidelines for monitoring autophagy in different organisms. Despite numerous reviews, there continues to be confusion regarding acceptable methods to evaluate autophagy, especially in multicellular eukaryotes. Here, we present a set of guidelines for investigators to select and interpret methods to examine autophagy and related processes, and for reviewers to provide realistic and reasonable critiques of reports that are focused on these processes. These guidelines are not meant to be a dogmatic set of rules, because the appropriateness of any assay largely depends on the question being asked and the system being used. Moreover, no individual assay is perfect for every situation, calling for the use of multiple techniques to properly monitor autophagy in each experimental setting. Finally, several core components of the autophagy machinery have been implicated in distinct autophagic processes (canonical and noncanonical autophagy), implying that genetic approaches to block autophagy should rely on targeting two or more autophagy-related genes that ideally participate in distinct steps of the pathway. Along similar lines, because multiple proteins involved in autophagy also regulate other cellular pathways including apoptosis, not all of them can be used as a specific marker for bona fide autophagic responses. Here, we critically discuss current methods of assessing autophagy and the information they can, or cannot, provide. Our ultimate goal is to encourage intellectual and technical innovation in the field