4,409 research outputs found
Postfix Form to Infix Form
Even though infix expression is easy for humans to understand, it is hard for the computers to comprehend. According to Sayan Mahapatra from GeekforGeeks , “Prefix and Postfix expressions can be evaluated faster than an infix expression. This is because we don’t need to process any brackets or follow operator precedence rule.” Using postfix expression eliminates the problem of confusion due to precedence. For example, an infix expression such as 23&4. One does not know if 23 should be applied first or 3&4 without knowing the precedence . In addition, Postfix expression can be easily calculated with the Stack base algorithm
SZE Observables, Pressure Profiles and Center Offsets in Magneticum Simulation Galaxy Clusters
We present a detailed study of the galaxy cluster thermal \ac{sze} signal
and pressure profiles using {\it Magneticum} Pathfinder hydrodynamical
simulations. With a sample of 50,000 galaxy clusters () out to , we find significant
variations in the shape of the pressure profile with mass and redshift and
present a new generalized NFW model that follows these trends. We show that the
thermal pressure at accounts for only 80~percent of the pressure
required to maintain hydrostatic equilibrium, and therefore even idealized
hydrostatic mass estimates would be biased at the 20~percent level. We compare
the cluster \ac{sze} signal extracted from a sphere with different virial-like
radii, a virial cylinder within a narrow redshift slice and the full light
cone, confirming small scatter () in the sphere and
showing that structure immediately surrounding clusters increases the scatter
and strengthens non self-similar redshift evolution in the cylinder.
Uncorrelated large scale structure along the line of sight leads to an increase
in the \ac{sze} signal and scatter that is more pronounced for low mass
clusters, resulting in non self-similar trends in both mass and redshift and a
mass dependent scatter that is at low masses. The scatter
distribution is consistent with log-normal in all cases. We present a model of
the offsets between the center of the gravitational potential and the \ac{sze}
center that follows the variations with cluster mass and redshift.Comment: 20 pages, 15 figures, submitted to MNRA
Corporate Governance and Market Valuation in China
This paper studies the relationship between the governance mechanisms and the market valuation of publicly listed firms in China empirically. We construct measures for corporate governance mechanisms and measures of market valuation for all publicly listed firms on the two stock markets in China by using data from the firm’s annual reports. We then investigate how the market-valuation variables are affected by the corporate governance variables while controlling for a number of factors commonly considered in market valuation analysis. A corporate governance index is also constructed to summarize the information contained in the corporate governance variables. The index is found to have statistically and economically significant effect on market valuation. The analysis indicates that investors pay a significant premium for well-governed firms in China, benefiting firms that improve their governance mechanisms.http://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/39949/3/wp564.pd
Smart Procurement of Naturally Generated Energy (SPONGE) for Plug-in Hybrid Electric Buses
We discuss a recently introduced ECO-driving concept known as SPONGE in the
context of Plug-in Hybrid Electric Buses (PHEB)'s.Examples are given to
illustrate the benefits of this approach to ECO-driving. Finally, distributed
algorithms to realise SPONGE are discussed, paying attention to the privacy
implications of the underlying optimisation problems.Comment: This paper is recently submitted to the IEEE Transactions on
Automation Science and Engineerin
Corporate Governance and Market Valuation in China
This paper studies the relationship between the governance mechanisms and the market valuation of publicly listed firms in China empirically. We construct measures for corporate governance mechanisms and measures of market valuation for all publicly listed firms on the two stock markets in China by using data from the firm’s annual reports. We then investigate how the market-valuation variables are affected by the corporate governance variables while controlling for a number of factors commonly considered in market valuation analysis. A corporate governance index is also constructed to summarize the information contained in the corporate governance variables. The index is found to have statistically and economically significant effect on market valuation. The analysis indicates that investors pay a significant premium for well-governed firms in China, benefiting firms that improve their governance mechanisms.Corporate governance mechanisms, market valuation, corporate governance index, corporate governance premium
Identity Projection Strategies for Non-Focal Actors in Digital Ecosystems
In digital ecosystems, non-focal actors cannot survive without working on the identity of their apps. The identity expresses what the app is about to customers. However, it also projects an image of the role of the non-focal actor in the larger ecosystem. Such identity projection is relevant for managing the relationship with focal actors of the digital ecosystem. We outline and test three strategies for identity projection (identity conformity, identity differentiation, and identity refinement). Using panel data of social networking applications in the iOS appStore in China between 2014 and 2019, we investigate the influence of non-focal actors’ identity projection on their survival in digital ecosystems. Our result shows significantly increased app survival for those who actively pursue the identity projection strategies in three directions. Thus, we shed light on the role of platform identity in navigating platform competition in the digital age when participation across ecosystems becomes compulsory for every digital business
2,5-Dioxopyrrolidin-1-yl adamantane-1-carboxylate
The title compound, C15H19NO4, contains one crystallographically independent molecule in the asymmetric unit. The N—O—C—O torsion angle is 1.97 (9)°. The two pairs of vicinal H atoms that lie above or below the plane defined by the five-membered pyrrolidine-2,5-dione ring are an average of 6.57 (5)° from being eclipsed. The average absolute C—C—C—C torsion angle in the adamantane skeleton, in which each fused cyclohexane ring is in a chair configuration, is 59.99 (5)°. The crystal packing is unremarkable
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