94 research outputs found
Relational research on sport practice and use of video games according to gender of schoolchildren from Granada
Nowadays our society lives in a technological era that has led to a âtechnological sedentarinessâ resulting in a sedentary lifestyle in children that must be tackled by means of physical activity. This research study aims to analyse the link between physical activity and the use of video games. This is a descriptive, cross-sectional and relational research project. A sample made up of 142 students aged between 10 and 12 completed a self-made questionnaire which measured both their physical activity level and their CERV (Video Game Related Experiences Questionnaire). The results obtained through research show that most students do not have any problems concerning video games, and that the use of these can also help in the prevention of sedentary habits. These results have been indicated in the discussion section, contributing to the motivation of studentsâ in relation to Physical Education, their compromise with the physical practice and the promotion of a long-lasting healthy lifestyle. As a conclusion, the need for using tools such as active video games in order to favour healthy lifestyles and also to prevent sedentary habits is demonstrated
Raman amplification in the ultra-small limit of Ag nanoparticles on SiO2 and graphene: Size and inter-particle distance effects
Size, shape and hot spots are crucial to optimize Raman amplification from metallic nanoparticle (NPs). The amplification from radius = 1.8 ± 0.4 nm ultra-small silver NPs was explored. Increasing NP density redshifts and widens their plasmon that, according to simulations for NPs arrays, is originated by the reduction of the interparticle distance, d, becoming remarkable for d †R. Inter-particle interaction red-shifts (>130 nm) and widens (>90 nm) the standard plasmon of non-interacting spherical particles. Graphene partly delocalizes the carriers enhancing the NIR spectral weight. Raman amplification of graphene phonons is moderate and depends smoothly on d while that of Rhodamine 6G (R6G) varies almost exponentially due to their location at hot-spots that depend strongly on d. The experimental correlation between amplification and plasmon position is well reproduced by simulations. The amplification originated by the ultra-small NPs is compared to that of larger particles, granular silver films with 7 < R < 15 nm grains, with similar extinction values. The amplification is found to be larger for the 1.8 nm NPs due to the higher surface/volume ration that allows higher density of hot spots. It is demonstrated that Raman amplification can be efficiently increased by depositing low density layers of ultra-small NPs on top of granular films.The research leading to these results has received funding from Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (RTI2018-096918-B-C41). S.C. acknowledges the grant BES-2016-076440 from MINECO. L.M. acknowledges the European Union (grant number ERC-2013-SyG 610256 NANOCOSMOS)
Motivational Climate in Youth Football Players
(1) Background: In recent decades, the psychology of sport has gained special relevance in
this field, due to the influence of psychological variables on sports performance and the regularity
of sports practice. The aim of this research is to analyse the motivational climate of footballers.
(2) Methods: This study uses a descriptive cross-sectional design on a sample of 156 adolescent
football players, using an ad-hoc questionnaire for the recording of socio-demographic variables and
the PMCSQ-2 questionnaire on motivational climate in sport. (3) Results: The results of the present
investigation indicate that footballers are more oriented towards task than ego, sportsmen who
compete in Honor Division being the those who are more oriented towards ego and those of National
Division being more oriented towards task. (4) Conclusions: The main conclusion of this research is
those who are the motivational climate is related to the division in which the players compete
Effects of an Alternative Sports Program Using Kin-Ball in Individuals with Intellectual Disabilities
The first aim of the present work was to examine the effects of a physical activity sports
program, specifically Kin-Ball, within a group of individuals with intellectual disabilities, on decreasing
sedentary behavior and improving basic physical skills. The second aimwas to evaluate social validity and
acceptability of the intervention. In this pre-experimental study, 47 individuals participated (46.8% male
and 53.2% female) with an average age of 29.85 (SD = 10.41). All participants were administered an
intervention programbased on the alternative sport of Kin-Ball. BMIwas calculated for body composition
and age-related Z-scoreswere interpretedwith the tables provided by theWHO. Endurancewasmeasured
through a modified six-minute test, speed was analyzed using a 50 m test, and strength was estimated
according to a hand-grip dynamometer. Likewise, balance and coordination were examined in line with
adaptations proposed by the scientific literature. Results indicated that all cases experienced statistically
significant differences following the intervention program (p = 0.000). Improvement effects were detected
in all post-intervention tests (endurance, strength, speed, balance, and coordination). As amain conclusion,
it is indicated that an alternative sports-based program improves physical ability and motor skills in
individuals with intellectual disabilities
The Association between Violent Behavior, Academic Performance, and Physical Activity According to Gender in Scholars
Background: Aggressive behaviors have increased in a worrying way all over the world,
and this has been one more reason to be able to investigate what happens in schools. Its presence
has been increasing in recent decades and, therefore, this issue has been approached from different
points of view of society. The aim of this study was to analyze and establish the indices of aggressive
behaviors and their possible association with gender, academic achievement, and the Physical
Activity (PA) in schoolchildren aged 10â12 in Granada (Spain). Methods: Its design is descriptive
and cross-sectional, the sample is 320 students, an ad-hoc questionnaire was used to establish
socio-demographic variables, violent behavior (measured with the scale of violent behaviors), gender,
academic performance, and PA. Results: The results showed that schoolchildren with higher levels of
violent behaviors have been in the reactive and relational reactive manifest dimension, males are
more assiduous to practice PA than females, and these were characterized by greater manifest and
relational aggressiveness. However, they present higher average values in violent behaviors than
they do if academic performance is taken into account. Conclusions: The main recommendation is
the need to study, in greater depth, the active sports population in order to try to know the cause of
these results.This research was supported by a grant from the Spanish Ministry of Education and Science
[FPU16/03114], [FPU17/00804], [FPU17/00803
Levels of self-concept and its relations with the use of video games in third grade primary school students
En los Ășltimos años las nuevas tecnologĂas han entrado a formar parte de la vida de los niños, tanto en la escuela como fuera de ella. La presente investigaciĂłn tiene la finalidad de describir los niveles de autoconcepto, gĂ©nero y nuevas tecnologĂas en escolares de tercer ciclo de Primaria y de relacionar los niveles psicosociales con el resto de parĂĄmetros (gĂ©nero y nuevas tecnologĂas). Participaron 170 alumnos con edades comprendidas entre los 10 y los 12 años (M= 11,10 años; D.T.=0,47), los cuales respondieron a tres instrumentos (AF-5, el CERV y una hoja de autoregistro). Para el anĂĄlisis de los datos se ha empleado el SPSS 22.0. Del estudio se ha obtenido que la mayorĂa de los alumnos no presentan problemas relacionados con las nuevas tecnologĂas, mientras que una pequeña minorĂa sĂ los presenta de manera severa y que los niños juegan mĂĄs a los videojuegos que las niñas. TambiĂ©n se ha llegado a la conclusiĂłn de que los niños presentan un autoconcepto emocional muy bajo respecto a los otros niveles existentes. Los alumnos con los niveles mĂĄs bajos de autoconcepto son aquellos con problemas severos en relaciĂłn a los videojuegos.During the last years, new technologies have become a part of the lives of children, both in and out school. The main objective of this research is to describe the levels of self-concept, gender and new technologies in third grade primary school students. It also aims to relate the psychosocial levels with the rest of parameters. A hundred and seventy students aged between 10 and 12 participated in the research. These students have also answered 3 tests carried out in several Andalusian schools: AF-5, CERV and an auto registration form. The data of the research have been analyzed with the software SPSS 22.0. The research concluded that most part of the students do not have any problems related to the new technologies. Nevertheless, a small minority presents severe problems and it was also found that boys play more video games than girls. It was also concluded that children present a lower emotional self-concept in comparison with the other levels. Students with the lowest levels of self-concept are those who suffer severe problems related to video games
Analysis of the relationship between physical-healthy habits and diet with obesity in primary school students of the Province of Granada
La obesidad y el sobrepeso se han convertido en uno de los trastornos mĂĄs importantes de la actualidad. La apariciĂłn de este tipo de
trastorno se debe a la influencia de factores como la dieta desequilibrada o la falta de actividad fĂsica, factores que provocan un aumento del IMC en
escolares. Este estudio se realizó sobre 161 escolares de educación primaria, de edades comprendidas entre los 10 y 12 años y pertenecientes a la
provincia de Granada. Se pretende analizar la relaciĂłn existente entre los parĂĄmetros de la actividad fĂsica y la calidad de la dieta con los niveles de
obesidad. Los resultados mostraron que la mayor parte de la poblaciĂłn estudiada se encontraba dentro del normopeso y en una baja proporciĂłn los
alumnos presentaban una dieta de baja calidad, sin haber diferencias significativas en cuanto al género. Por otra parte, el anålisis de los datos mostró que
el gĂ©nero masculino realiza mayor actividad fĂsica y por tanto presenta menos sedentarismo que el gĂ©nero femenino. Como conclusiĂłn, se demuestra
la necesidad de motivar a la realización de deporte, sobre todo al género femenino, ademås de concienciar a los jóvenes de las consecuencias del
sedentarismo y la obesidad.Obesity and overweight have become one of the most important disorders nowadays. The onset of this type of disorder is due to the
influence of factors such as unbalanced diet or lack of physical activity, factors that cause an increase in BMI in schoolchildren. This study was
conducted on 161 schoolchildren of primary education, aged between 10 and 12 years old and belonging to the province of Granada. The aim is to
analyze the relationship between physical activity parameters and diet quality with obesity levels. The results showed that participants were in a normal
weight, whereas a low proportion of students presented a low-quality diet, with no significant differences by gender. On the other hand, the analysis
of the data showed that males perform greater physical activity and therefore present less sedentary habits than females. In conclusion, the need to
encourage students to carry out sports is demonstrated, especially in females. In addition, it is important to raise youthâs awareness on health
consequences of sedentary habits and obesity
Super-resolution imaging of live sperm reveals dynamic changes of the actin cytoskeleton during acrosomal exocytosis
Filamentous actin (F-actin) is a key factor in exocytosis in many cell types. In mammalian sperm, acrosomal exocytosis (denoted the acrosome reaction or AR), a special type of controlled secretion, is regulated by multiple signaling pathways and the actin cytoskeleton. However, the dynamic changes of the actin cytoskeleton in live sperm are largely not understood. Here, we used the powerful properties of SiR-actin to examine actin dynamics in live mouse sperm at the onset of the AR. By using a combination of super-resolution microscopy techniques to image sperm loaded with SiR-actin or sperm from transgenic mice containing Lifeact-EGFP, six regions containing F-actin within the sperm head were revealed. The proportion of sperm possessing these structures changed upon capacitation. By performing live-cell imaging experiments, we report that dynamic changes of F-actin during the AR occur in specific regions of the sperm head. While certain F-actin regions undergo depolymerization prior to the initiation of the AR, others remain unaltered or are lost after exocytosis occurs. Our work emphasizes the utility of live-cell nanoscopy, which will undoubtedly impact the search for mechanisms that underlie basic sperm functions.Fil: Romarowski, Ana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas; ArgentinaFil: Velasco FĂ©lix, Ăngel G.. Universidad Nacional AutĂłnoma de MĂ©xico; MĂ©xicoFil: Rodriguez, Paulina Torres. Universidad Nacional AutĂłnoma de MĂ©xico; MĂ©xicoFil: Gervasi, Mar?ĂĄ G.. University Of Massachusetts Amherst;Fil: Xu, Xinran. School Of Biomedical Engineering;Fil: Luque, Guillermina Maria. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas; ArgentinaFil: Contreras-JimĂ©nez, GastĂłn. Universidad Nacional AutĂłnoma de MĂ©xico; MĂ©xicoFil: SĂĄnchez-CĂĄrdenas, Claudia. Universidad Nacional AutĂłnoma de MĂ©xico; MĂ©xicoFil: RamĂrez-GĂłmez, HĂ©ctor V.. Universidad Nacional AutĂłnoma de MĂ©xico; MĂ©xicoFil: Krapf, Diego. School Of Biomedical Engineering;Fil: Visconti, Pablo E.. University Of Massachusetts Amherst;Fil: Krapf, Dario. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Centro CientĂfico TecnolĂłgico Conicet - Rosario. Instituto de BiologĂa Molecular y Celular de Rosario. Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Facultad de Ciencias BioquĂmicas y FarmacĂ©uticas. Instituto de BiologĂa Molecular y Celular de Rosario; ArgentinaFil: Guerrero, AdĂĄn. Universidad Nacional AutĂłnoma de MĂ©xico; MĂ©xicoFil: Darszon, Alberto. Universidad Nacional AutĂłnoma de MĂ©xico; MĂ©xicoFil: Buffone, Mariano Gabriel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas; Argentin
Activity breaks. IncorporaciĂłn de los descansos activos en la educaciĂłn superior
Los objetivos iniciales del aumento de la prĂĄctica de actividad fĂsica para la mejora de
la atención y reducción de los håbitos sedentarios, tensión y estrés, se han logrado
por medio de la implantaciĂłn de los descansos activos en las clases teĂłricas. El uso
y diseño de los descansos de entre 5 y 10 minutos, ha conseguido mejorar la
atenciĂłn del alumnado que los ha practicado en la hora siguiente de clase teĂłrica. El
proyecto se ha llevado a cabo teniendo un grupo control y uno experimental en el que
se han desarrollado los descansos activos
Glycolytic shift during West Nile virus infection provides new therapeutic opportunities
Background Viral rewiring of host bioenergetics and immunometabolism may provide novel targets for therapeuâ
tic interventions against viral infections. Here, we have explored the effect on bioenergetics during the infection
with the mosquitoâborne flavivirus West Nile virus (WNV), a medically relevant neurotropic pathogen causing outâ
breaks of meningitis and encephalitis worldwide.
Results A systematic literature search and metaâanalysis pointed to a misbalance of glucose homeostasis in the cenâ
tral nervous system of WNV patients. Realâtime bioenergetic analyses confirmed upregulation of aerobic glycolysis
and a reduction of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation during viral replication in cultured cells. Transcriptomâ
ics analyses in neural tissues from experimentally infected mice unveiled a glycolytic shift including the upregulaâ
tion of hexokinases 2 and 3 (Hk2 and Hk3) and pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4 (Pdk4). Treatment of infected
mice with the Hk inhibitor, 2âdeoxyâDâglucose, or the Pdk4 inhibitor, dichloroacetate, alleviated WNVâinduced
neuroinflammation.
Conclusions These results highlight the importance of host energetic metabolism and specifically glycolysis in WNV
infection in vivo. This study provides proof of concept for the druggability of the glycolytic pathway for the future
development of therapies to combat WNV pathology.This study was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation
AEI/10.13039/501100011033 under Grants PID2019â105117RRâC21 (to MAMA)
and PID2019â105117RRâC22 (to MJPP), PID2020â119195RJâI00 (to NJO), by
Synergistic Projects Community of Madrid under grant NUTRISIONâCM/Y2020/
BIOâ6350 (to ARM), and by the European CommissionâNextGenerationEU
through CSICâs Global Health Platform (PTI Salud Global). PMC was supâ
ported by an FPI fellowship from AEI/10.13039/501100011033 under Grant
PRE2020â093374. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and
interpretation, or the decision to submit the work for publicationPeer reviewe
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