Reworking the Unworkable: Halliburton II and the Court\u27s Reexamination of Fraud on the Market

This commentary previews the upcoming Supreme Court case Erica P. John Fund, Inc. v. Halliburton Co. in which the Court is called upon to reexamine the controversial fraud-on-the-market rule. This rule, a cornerstone of securities litigation for the past two decades, allows the court to presume that securities fraud plaintiffs relied on a misstatement or omission if the security affected is traded on an efficient market. The subject of intense debate for years, this commentary reviews and analyzes precedent and predicts the case\u27s likely outcome--that the Court will not expressly overrule the fraud-on-the-market rule, but will nevertheless modify it to place more of an evidentiary burden on securities fraud plaintiffs

Large flats in the pants graph

This note is about the geometry of the pants graph P(S), a natural simplicial graph associated to a finite type topological surface S where vertices represents pants decompositions. The main result in this note ascserts that for a multicurve Q whose complement is a number of subsurfaces of complexity at most 1. We prove that the corresponding subgraph P(Q) is totally geodesic in P, previously considering this as a metric space assigning length one to each edge. A flat is a graph isomorphic to the Cayley graph of an abelian torsion free group of finite rank. As a consequence of the main theorem we make explicit the existence of maximal size flats (large flats) in the pants graph.Comment: 16 pages, 3 figure

On the effects of alternative optima in context-specific metabolic model predictions

Recent methodological developments have facilitated the integration of high-throughput data into genome-scale models to obtain context-specific metabolic reconstructions. A unique solution to this data integration problem often may not be guaranteed, leading to a multitude of context-specific predictions equally concordant with the integrated data. Yet, little attention has been paid to the alternative optima resulting from the integration of context-specific data. Here we present computational approaches to analyze alternative optima for different context-specific data integration instances. By using these approaches on metabolic reconstructions for the leaf of Arabidopsis thaliana and the human liver, we show that the analysis of alternative optima is key to adequately evaluating the specificity of the predictions in particular cellular contexts. While we provide several ways to reduce the ambiguity in the context-specific predictions, our findings indicate that the existence of alternative optimal solutions warrant caution in detailed context-specific analyses of metabolism

Pedagogía y autoempleo: si se puede!

Cursé Pedagogía porque alguien me habló de esa carrera que parecía ser afín, a mi primera opción, Psicología. Fue todo muy rápido y mi decisión no estaba fundamentada en el conocimiento de la misma, ni en la empleabiliad futura que me podría proporcionar; sino que los tiempos, la inercia y la inexperiencia me hicieron entrar allí. Pero cuando uno llega a un lugar porque no había otro en el que entrar, tienes dos opciones o despliegas una actitud de entusiasmo y expectación ante lo desconocido para decidir si te quedas, o entras para no quedarte. Una vez me incorporé, mi opción ante lo desconocido fue la primera, expectación, ilusión y entusiasmo, las asignaturas me gustaban y estaba en la UnUniversidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

Coordinated regulation of chromatophore differentiation and melanogenesis during the ontogeny of skin pigmentation of Solea senegalensis (Kaup, 1858)

Abnormal pigmentation of Senegalese sole has been described as one problem facing the full exploitation of its commercial production. To improve our understanding of flatfish pigmentation of this commercially important species we have evaluated eleven genes related to two different processes of pigmentation: melanophore differentiation, and melanin production. The temporal distribution of gene expression peaks corresponds well with changes in pigmentation patterns and the intensity of skin melanization. Several gene ratios were also examined to put in perspective possible genetic markers for the different stages of normal pigmentation development. Further, the phenotypic changes that occur during morphogenesis correspond well with the main transitions in gene expression that occur. Given the dramatic phenotypic alterations which flatfish undergo, including the asymmetric coloration that occurs between the ocular and the blind side, and the synchrony of the two processes of morphogenesis and pigmentation ontogenesis, these species constitute an interesting model for the study of pigmentation. In this study we present a first approximation towards explaining the genetic mechanisms for regulating pigmentation ontogeny in Senegalese sole, Solea senegalensis.Ministry of Science and Innovation (MICIIN) of the Spanish Government [AGL2008-03897-C04-01/ACU]; European Community [FP7/2007-2013-222719-LIFECYCLE]; Spanish Governmentinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio