34 research outputs found
Topical Calcineurin Inhibitors and Lymphoma Risk: Evidence Update with Implications for Daily Practice
Topical calcineurin inhibitors (TCIs), commercially available since 2000â2001, are the first and only topical medications approved for chronic treatment of atopic dermatitis (AD) in pediatric patients and remain a welcomed alternative to topical corticosteroids. In January 2006, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) issued a boxed warning requirement based on a theoretical risk of malignancy (including lymphoma) with TCI use. However, in the years since, analyses of epidemiologic and clinical data have failed to demonstrate a causal relationship between TCI use and malignancy or lymphoma risk, especially for pimecrolimus cream. In fact, the observed number of malignancies and lymphomas observed both in post-marketing surveillance and reported to the FDA using its adverse events reporting system is much lower among TCI-exposed patients than the expected number for the general population. Furthermore, among children enrolled in post-marketing pediatric registry studies for both tacrolimus and pimecrolimus followed for up to 5.5Â years [10,724Â patient-years (PY)] or 6.5Â years (16,219Â PY), respectively, the observed number of malignancies and lymphomas is very low and similar to the number expected for a sample of similar size in the general population. In addition to reporting these comparative malignancy and lymphoma data, this article provides a historical overview of the boxed warning requirement and critically evaluates the preclinical, clinical, and epidemiological evidence that has thus far failed to substantiate a relationship between TCI use and malignancy. The authors also provide practical clinical advice for optimizing AD management and patient care in the context of the boxed warning
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Grand challenges in entomology: priorities for action in the coming decades
Entomology is key to understanding terrestrial and freshwater ecosystems at a time of unprecedented anthropogenic environmental change and offers substantial untapped potential to benefit humanity in a variety of ways, from improving agricultural practices to managing vector-borne diseases and inspiring technological advances.
We identified high priority challenges for entomology using an inclusive, open, and democratic four-stage prioritisation approach, conducted among the membership and affiliates (hereafter âmembersâ) of the UK-based Royal Entomological Society (RES). A list of 710 challenges was gathered from 189 RES members. Thematic analysis was used to group suggestions, followed by an online vote to determine initial priorities, which were subsequently ranked during an online workshop involving 37 participants.
The outcome was a set of 61 priority challenges within four groupings of related themes: (i) âFundamental Researchâ (themes: Taxonomy, âBlue Skiesâ [defined as research ideas without immediate practical application], Methods and Techniques); (ii) âAnthropogenic Impacts and Conservationâ (themes: Anthropogenic Impacts, Conservation Options); (iii) âUses, Ecosystem Services and Disservicesâ (themes: Ecosystem Benefits, Technology and Resources [use of insects as a resource, or as inspiration], Pests); (iv) âCollaboration, Engagement and Trainingâ (themes: Knowledge Access, Training and Collaboration, Societal Engagement).
Priority challenges encompass research questions, funding objectives, new technologies, and priorities for outreach and engagement. Examples include training taxonomists, establishing a global network of insect monitoring sites, understanding the extent of insect declines, exploring roles of cultivated insects in food supply chains, and connecting professional with amateur entomologists. Responses to different challenges could be led by amateur and professional entomologists, at all career stages.
Overall, the challenges provide a diverse array of options to inspire and initiate entomological activities and reveal the potential of entomology to contribute to addressing global challenges related to human health and well-being, and environmental change
Grand challenges in entomology: Priorities for action in the coming decades
Entomology is key to understanding terrestrial and freshwater ecosystems at a time of unprecedented anthropogenic environmental change and offers substantial untapped potential to benefit humanity in a variety of ways, from improving agricultural practices to managing vector-borne diseases and inspiring technological advances. We identified high priority challenges for entomology using an inclusive, open, and democratic four-stage prioritisation approach, conducted among the membership and affiliates (hereafter âmembersâ) of the UK-based Royal Entomological Society (RES). A list of 710 challenges was gathered from 189 RES members. Thematic analysis was used to group suggestions, followed by an online vote to determine initial priorities, which were subsequently ranked during an online workshop involving 37 participants. The outcome was a set of 61 priority challenges within four groupings of related themes: (i) âFundamental Researchâ (themes: Taxonomy, âBlue Skiesâ [defined as research ideas without immediate practical application], Methods and Techniques); (ii) âAnthropogenic Impacts and Conservationâ (themes: Anthropogenic Impacts, Conservation Options); (iii) âUses, Ecosystem Services and Disservicesâ (themes: Ecosystem Benefits, Technology and Resources [use of insects as a resource, or as inspiration], Pests); (iv) âCollaboration, Engagement and Trainingâ (themes: Knowledge Access, Training and Collaboration, Societal Engagement). Priority challenges encompass research questions, funding objectives, new technologies, and priorities for outreach and engagement. Examples include training taxonomists, establishing a global network of insect monitoring sites, understanding the extent of insect declines, exploring roles of cultivated insects in food supply chains, and connecting professional with amateur entomologists. Responses to different challenges could be led by amateur and professional entomologists, at all career stages. Overall, the challenges provide a diverse array of options to inspire and initiate entomological activities and reveal the potential of entomology to contribute to addressing global challenges related to human health and well-being, and environmental change
Grand challenges in entomology: priorities for action in the coming decades
1. Entomology is key to understanding terrestrial and freshwater ecosystems at a time of unprecedented anthropogenic environmental change and offers substantial untapped potential to benefit humanity in a variety of ways, from improving agricultural practices to managing vector-borne diseases and inspiring technological advances.
2. We identified high priority challenges for entomology using an inclusive, open, and democratic four-stage prioritisation approach, conducted among the membership and affiliates (hereafter âmembersâ) of the UK-based Royal Entomological Society (RES).
3. A list of 710 challenges was gathered from 189 RES members. Thematic analysis was used to group suggestions, followed by an online vote to determine initial priorities, which were subsequently ranked during an online workshop involving 37 participants.
4. The outcome was a set of 61 priority challenges within four groupings of related themes: (i) âFundamental Researchâ (themes: Taxonomy, âBlue Skiesâ [defined as research ideas without immediate practical application], Methods and Techniques); (ii) âAnthropogenic Impacts and Conservationâ (themes: Anthropogenic Impacts, Conservation Options); (iii) âUses, Ecosystem Services and Disservicesâ (themes: Ecosystem Benefits, Technology and Resources [use of insects as a resource, or as inspiration], Pests); (iv) âCollaboration, Engagement and Trainingâ (themes: Knowledge Access, Training and Collaboration, Societal Engagement).
5. Priority challenges encompass research questions, funding objectives, new technologies, and priorities for outreach and engagement. Examples include training taxonomists, establishing a global network of insect monitoring sites, understanding the extent of insect declines, exploring roles of cultivated insects in food supply chains, and connecting professional with amateur entomologists. Responses to different challenges could be led by amateur and professional entomologists, at all career stages.
6. Overall, the challenges provide a diverse array of options to inspire and initiate entomological activities and reveal the potential of entomology to contribute to addressing global challenges related to human health and well-being, and environmental change
Synthesis and characterization of [Li][Os(N=CHb2s)(CHb3sSi(CHb3s)b3s)b4s]
Thesis (B.S.)--University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1999.Includes bibliographical reference (leaf 14)U of I OnlyTheses restricted to UIUC community onl
A Systematic Scoping Literature Review of Publications Supporting Treatment Guidelines for Pediatric Atopic Dermatitis in Contrast to Clinical Practice Patterns
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Disruption of JAK2 in Adipocytes Impairs Lipolysis and Improves Fatty Liver in Mice With Elevated GH
Does prophylactic para-aortic lymphatic irradiation improve outcomes in women with stage IIIC1 endometrial carcinoma? A multi-institutional pooled analysis
PURPOSE: To evaluate the impact of prophylactic PALN RT on clinical outcomes in patients with FIGO 2018 stage IIIC1 EC.
MATERIALS/METHODS: A multi-institutional retrospective study included patients with FIGO 2018 stage IIIC1 EC status post surgical staging, lymph node assessment followed by adjuvant chemotherapy and radiotherapy using various sequencing regimens. Overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS) rates were estimated by Kaplan-Meier method. Univariable and multivariable analysis were performed by Cox proportional hazard models for RFS/OS. In addition, propensity score matching were used to estimate the effect of the radiation field extent on survival outcomes.
RESULTS: A total of 378 patients were included with a median follow-up of 45.8 months. Pelvic RT was delivered to 286 patients while 92 patients received pelvic and PALN RT. The estimated OS and RFS rates at 5 years for the entire cohort were 80% and 69%, respectively. There was no difference in the 5-year OS (77% vs. 87%, p=0.47) and RFS rates (67% vs. 70%, p=0.78) between patients treated with pelvic RT and those with pelvic and prophylactic PALN RT, respectively. After propensity score matching, the estimated Hazard Ratios (HR) of prophylactic PALN RT vs. pelvic RT were 1.50 (95% CIâŻ=âŻ(0.71, 3.19), p-valueâŻ=âŻ0.28) for OS and 1.24 (95% CIâŻ=âŻ(0.64, 2.42), p-valueâŻ=âŻ0.51) for RFS suggesting that prophylactic PALN RT does not improve survival outcomes. Distant recurrence was the most common site of first recurrence, and the extent of RT field was not associated with the site of first recurrence (P=0.79).
CONCLUSIONS: Prophylactic PALN RT was not significantly associated with improved survival outcomes in stage IIIC1 EC. Distant metastases remain the most site of failure despite routine use of systemic chemotherapy, new therapeutic approaches are necessary to optimize the outcomes for women with stage IIIC1 EC