Modeling and Experimental Investigation of Laminar Ceiling Air Distribution System for Operating Room in Merjan Teaching Hospital

Room air distribution in operating rooms is critical to successful surgical treatment. The present study investigated the effects of the location of the air supply and exhaust grills on the air movement and air parameters inside an operating room. This paper presents an experimental and numerical analysis of air distribution in the operating room. The experimental work was conducted in an operating room in Merjan Teaching Hospital in the city of Babylon. Air was supplied from one square plenum box located in the middle of the ceiling, while air was exhausted through eight grills: large exhaust grills in the four upper corners and small exhaust grills in the four lower corners. In the theoretical work, a model of the operating room was developed and two cases were analyzed using the FLUEN 6.3.26 software program. The first case included all eight exhaust grills, while the second case included only the four lower exhaust grills. The ceiling system gave good ventilation for air distribution inside the operating room. There was no clear effect of the small exhaust grills located in the upper corners of the operating room. The height of the ceiling room is an effective factor in air distribution

Ring-opening polymerization of some aryl substituted polycyclic alkenes

The work described in this thesis is concerned with an investigation of the polymerizability of aryl substituted polycyclic alkenes by ring-opening using metathesis catalyst systems. The synthesis, purification and characterization of the monomers required for this work are described in Chapter 2. Successful ring-open polymerizations are described in Chapter 3 together with the unsuccessful attempts to ring open polymerize some heteroatom substituted compounds. The characterization of the new polymers is discussed in Chapter 4 together with some preliminary results concerning the susceptibility of these polymers to the photo-oxidative degradation

Modeling and Experimental Investigation of Laminar Ceiling Air Distribution System for Operating Room in Merjan Teaching Hospital

Room air distribution in operating rooms is critical to successful surgical treatment. The present study investigated the effects of the location of the air supply and exhaust grills on the air movement and air parameters inside an operating room. This paper presents an experimental and numerical analysis of air distribution in the operating room. The experimental work was conducted in an operating room in Merjan Teaching Hospital in the city of Babylon. Air was supplied from one square plenum box located in the middle of the ceiling, while air was exhausted through eight grills: large exhaust grills in the four upper corners and small exhaust grills in the four lower corners. In the theoretical work, a model of the operating room was developed and two cases were analyzed using the FLUEN 6.3.26 software program. The first case included all eight exhaust grills, while the second case included only the four lower exhaust grills. The ceiling system gave good ventilation for air distribution inside the operating room. There was no clear effect of the small exhaust grills located in the upper corners of the operating room. The height of the ceiling room is an effective factor in air distribution

THE IMPACT OF FIRM CHARACTERISTICS ON THE LEVEL OF VOLUNTARY DISCLOSURE:: EVIDENCE FROM LISTED BANKS IN BORSA ISTANBUL

This study aims to examine the impact of some bank characteristics (age, size, profitability and leverage) on the extent of voluntary disclosure in annual reports of listed banks in Borsa Istanbul. All (13) listed banks represent the sample of the study. The study adopted the deductive approach by developing hypotheses based on the relevant theories and results of prior studies. The study also applied the panel data strategy to analyze the collected data from annual reports across five years (2013-2017). The results indicated that there is a positive relationship between each bank characteristic (age, size, profitability and leverage) and the level of voluntary disclosure. The results also show that profitability has a big impact on the level of voluntary disclosure followed by leverage, whereas, age and size have a small effect

The Association between Board of Directors’ Characteristics and the Level of Voluntary Disclosure: Evidence from Listed Banks in Borsa Istanbul

The main aim of this study is to investigate the association between some board of directors' characteristics (board independence, board size, board meetings and role duality) and the level of voluntary disclosure in annual reports of listed banks in Borsa Istanbul. The deductive approach was adopted by developing hypotheses based on previous studies' relevant theories and findings. Also, the panel data strategy was applied to analyze the collected data from annual reports across five years (2013-2017). The univariate statistical analysis and the multivariate Feasible Generalized Least Squares regression model are used in this study. The results showed that board independence, board size and board meetings were positively and significantly associated with the level of voluntary disclosure, whilst role duality was negatively but not significantly associated with voluntary disclosure. The results also indicated that all bank characteristics were positively and significantly associated with the level of voluntary disclosure. Most prior studies on voluntary disclosure practices have been undertaken in developed countries, and a few of them have focused on voluntary disclosure practices in the banking sector for a number of years (longitudinally). There is a requirement for more empirical studies in this area to confirm or disprove the previous results. This study will add value to the knowledge in the disclosure literature by clarifying the relationship between the board of directors' characteristics and voluntary disclosure in the banking sector of developing countries

GIVING TWO ANSWERS TO THE SAME QUESTION: APPLYING SURVEY RE-INTERVIEWING TECHNIQUES IN QATAR.

In order to evaluate the quality of its survey data, SESRI implemented since 2010 a system of re-interviewing a sub-sample of respondents. These re-interviews usually take place not more than six days from the date of the first interview for the original survey production. Results from these interviews are used as an instrument to analyze non-sampling error and to estimate response inconsistencies, to identify reasons for discrepancies for selected questions for the same respondents, as well as to determine interviewer cheating. Applying the Gross Difference Rate (GDR), Index of Inconsistency (IOI) and Reliability Rate (RR) to estimate variances in respondents’ answers, this paper presents the results of the re-interviewing study of the 2012 Qataris’ Attitudes Towards the Foreign Workers in Qatar. The results are intended for researchers and data collection organizations to improve the quality of data they collect and use

Genistein chemoprevention of prostate cancer in TRAMP mice

Epidemiological studies suggest an inverse association between soy intake and prostate cancer risk. Genistein, the predominant phytoestrogen in soy food, has been proposed as a potential chemopreventive agent due to its anti-estrogen and tyrosine kinase inhibitory effects. To determine the most effective period for genistein chemoprevention, the Transgenic adenocarcinoma mouse prostate (TRAMP) model was used. The treatments were 250 mg genistein/kg AIN-76A diet 1) prepubertally only, 2) in adulthood only or 3) through out life. Controls received AIN-76A diet. By 28 weeks of age, 100% TRAMP mice fed control diet developed prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN) or adenocarcinomas with 6%, 16%, 44% and 34% developing high grade PIN, well differentiated, moderately differentiated and poorly differentiated prostatic adenocarcinomas, respectively. Prepubertal only (1–35 days postpartum) and adult only genistein treatments (12 – 28 weeks) resulted in 6% and 29% decreases in poorly-differentiated cancerous lesions compared with controls, respectively. The most significant effect was seen in the TRAMP mice exposed to genistein throughout life (1–28 weeks) with a 50% decrease in poorly-differentiated cancerous lesions. In a separate experiment in castrated TRAMP mice, dietary genistein suppressed the development of advanced prostate cancer by 35% compared with controls. Of the tumors that developed in castrated TRAMP mice, 100% were poorly-differentiated in contrast to the 37% of noncastrated TRAMP mice that developed poorly-differentiated tumors. ICI 182,780 (ICI), genistein and estrogen down-regulated androgen receptor (AR), estrogen receptor alpha (ER-α) and progesterone receptor (PR) in the prostates of C57BL/6 mice, and act independently of ER. Our data obtained in intact and castrated transgenic mice suggest that genistein may be a promising chemopreventive agent against androgen-dependent and independent prostate cancers

Antidiabetic potential of Balanites Aegyptiaca kernel, flesh and their combination against streptozotocin-induced hyperglycemia in male rats

Purpose: To investigate the antidiabetic effect of Balanites aegyptiaca fruit kernel, flesh and their mixture on streptozocin (STZ)-induced diabetes in male rats.Methods: Six-week-old male Wistar rats were divided into nine groups: (1) control; (2) kernel; (3) flesh; (4) kernel + flesh; (5) STZ; (6) STZ + kernel; (7) STZ + flesh; (8) STZ + (kernel + flesh) and (9) STZ + metformin. Body weight changes, fasting blood glucose and serum insulin were assessed. Haematoxylin and Eosin (H & E) stained pancreas sections were examined microscopically for the number and status of β cells.Results: Administration of Balanites aegyptiaca kernel, flesh and their mixture significantly increased rat body weight compared to STZ-treated rats. In addition, the hypoglycemic effect of kernel, flesh and their mixture was noticed. In STZ-treated rats, administration of Balanites aegyptiaca kernel and kernel + flesh mixture significantly increased serum insulin (p < 0.05). Histopathological examination revealed a marked increase in the islets cell population with cellular activation, with superior effect in STZ + kernel group and STZ + (kernel + flesh) group.Conclusion: Balanites aegyptiaca showed a hypoglycemic effect which is comparable to metformin action. Further studies are required to determine its suitability as an anti-diabetic agent in humansKeywords: Balanites aegyptiaca, Diabetes, Histopathology, Insulin, Pancrea

Simulation of Water Proofing Building Using Poly Ethylene (PE) Sheets

The research focused on how to use high density poly ethylene )HDPE( sheets in waterproofing operations of floor buildings (bathrooms, kitchens, basements and swimming pools), which uses Bitumen and how the Bitumen is modified by introducing some polymeric materials, until using of forced thermoplastic booster (carbon black or Fiber Glass). In insulation process HDPE sheets is placed under the concrete floor, which displays the sheet pressure and this pressure causes the stresses and deformations in the insulation material by using (solid work program) the geometric design sample dimensions were determined using stress analysis and simulation the input data are the material (HDPE) characteristics such as density, tensile strain, the poison ratio and tear resistance. The applied load on the sheet is a tile weight was analyzed by (solid work program) to determine stresses and deformations that have occurred to the insulation material. Absorption coefficient of moisture conducting test shows the HDPE has an excellent absorption properties to use in waterproofing, when using insulation material under concrete, the concrete dry out after 12 hours; which would lead to more cohesion of cement and concrete. Noting that the concrete without using insulation material will dry within 3 hours