The Rate Structure

Världen står inför en av de kanske största utmaningarna någonsin, att begränsa mängden växthusgaser i atmosfären till hållbara nivåer. För att uppnå detta måste alla delar av samhället effektivisera och begränsa sin energi och resursanvändning. I detta kandidatexamensarbete har ett av Åsbacka Trädgårds växthus i Söderhamn studerats för att undersöka möjliga investeringar till reduktion av den energianvändning som idag råder. De energireducerande åtgärderna har simulerats med programvaran IDA ICE 4.6 och därefter analyserats och jämförts med varandra. Då anläggningen idag värms med olja är det intressant att ersätta denna med en förnybar energiresurs. Resultatet visar att vid installation av energiväv kan en reduktion av energibehovet göras med upp till 20 procent. Betydande besparingar i uppvärmningskostnad kan ske om energiväven kombineras med uppvärmning från träpellets eller bergvärme, där besparingar mellan 70 000 och 85 000 kronor årligen kan uppnås för den aktuella perioden Åsbacka Trädgård bedriver verksamhet i växthuset. Detta kan jämföras med de 100 000 kronor som driften kostar idag. Av denna anledning rekommenderas installation av energiväv och ett utbyte till förnybar energiresurs. De presenterade investeringarna har valts utifrån produkter som finns tillgängliga på marknaden. Investeringskostnader för de presenterade alternativen har inte beaktats, endast den årliga driftskostnaden för uppvärmning har tagits hänsyn till.

The spotted hyena in popular media and the biopolitical implications for conservation strategy

The hyena has been depicted as a villain for millennia, with examples spanning from ancient European texts to today’s popular culture. In the past 30 years, especially, catalysed by Disney’s The Lion King, the hyena-as-villain has been cycled throughout various media. By taking a critical animal studies approach to analysing Western media content depicting hyenas, specifically the spotted hyena, I theorize the implications of morally othering hyenas such that they are rendered killable, which relegates them relative to other species-specific conservation concerns. Hyenas are vilified in part through misrepresentations of their actual ecological roles, the biopolitical ramifications of which are discussed. Hyena conservationists have long argued that shifting negative attitudes about hyenas is paramount to conserving them; beyond quantifiable conservation-minded objectives, there is a moral impetus to eliminate suffering and provide for the welfare and quality of life for individual hyenas. Rather than dismissing caricatures of hyenas as harmless, we must acknowledge that fictional representations of hyenas do not exist in isolation from actual hyenas and their lifeworlds

Traducción de canciones. Un estudio de caso: The Winner Takes It All (inglés-castellano)

Treball Final de Grau. Grau en Traducció i Interpretació. Codi: TI0983. Curs acadèmic 2016-2017El presente trabajo consiste en un estudio descriptivo y comparativo entre la versión original en inglés de la canción The Winner Takes It All, presente en la película Mamma Mia!, y su versión en castellano, tomada del musical Mamma Mia! El objetivo de este trabajo es conocer las diferencias y similitudes que hay entre la versión original en inglés de la película y la versión castellana del musical Mamma Mia!, y averiguar cómo se ha realizado la traducción. Por eso, en primer lugar planteamos un marco teórico sobre la traducción audiovisual y la traducción de canciones. Este primer apartado nos sirve de ayuda para después realizar nuestro análisis. Tras el marco teórico, en un segundo apartado analizamos las dos versiones de la canción The Winner Takes It All (inglés-castellano). En este análisis, por una parte se examina los cuatro ritmos poéticos que deberían estar presentes a la hora de traducir una canción (ritmo de cantidad, ritmo de tono, ritmo de intensidad, ritmo de timbre) y, por otra parte, se observa qué elecciones de traducción y técnicas de traducción ha decidido utilizar el traductor para la versión al castellano

The Forest Resources of the Former European USSR

This book, the second in a series, reports the results of a four-year study of the effects of air pollutants, ineffective silviculture practices and other factors on forests in the European sector of the former Soviet Union. The specific objectives of this book are: to gain an impartial view of potential developments of the forest resources in the European sector of the former USSR; to build alternative and consistent scenarios of the future developments; to illustrate the effects of forest decline from air pollutants; to identify meaningful policy options concerning the forest resources in the area; to support future policy decisions concerning the forest resources of the region

Commodity Risk Exposure in the Forestry and Paper Industry

We aim to investigate the risk exposure against commodity prices in the forestry and paper industry. The intension is also to study the affect that the changes in commodity prices has on a company’s market value

Development of a weight factor method for sustainability decisions in building renovation. Case study using Renobuild

Energy efficiency investments have become strategically important for the European Union. In particular, energy efficient renovation and investment in the existing building stock have become major challenges. Renovation of a building should involve a holistic and integrated design process, which considers all aspects of sustainability. The aim of this work is to suggest a mathematical model that weighs economic, social and ecological aspects into a measure that supports housing owners/decision makers to find the optimal renovation alternative from their perspective, taking factors such as budget, energy consumption, etc. into consideration. Multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) concerns structuring and solving multiple-criteria decision problems. MCDM has become popular in energy planning as it enables the decision maker to pay attention to all the criteria available and make the appropriate decision as per the priority of the criteria. In this study, the concept is introduced based on economic, social and ecological aspects assessed during a renovation project. A pedagogical example illustrates the suggested numerical system for comparing different renovation alternatives. The suggested method will facilitate decision-making processes in renovation projects and will allow decision makers to choose the best renovation alternatives that are in line with their business ideas and principles.publishedVersio

The perception of Swedish housing owner’s on the strategies to increase the rate of energy efficient refurbishment of multi-family buildings.

acceptedVersio

Long-term oncological outcomes of a phase II trial of neoadjuvant chemohormonal therapy followed by radical prostatectomy for patients with clinically localised, high-risk prostate cancer.

OBJECTIVE: To determine long-term oncological outcomes of radical prostatectomy (RP) after neoadjuvant chemohormonal therapy (CHT) for clinically localised, high-risk prostate cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS: In this phase II multicentre trial of patients with high-risk prostate cancer (PSA level \u3e20 ng/mL, Gleason ≥8, or clinical stage ≥T3), androgen-deprivation therapy (goserelin acetate depot) and paclitaxel, carboplatin and estramustine were administered before RP. We report the long-term oncological outcomes of these patients and compared them to a contemporary cohort who met oncological inclusion criteria but received RP only. RESULTS: In all, 34 patients were enrolled and followed for a median of 13.1 years. Within 10 years most patients had biochemical recurrence (BCR-free probability 22%; 95% confidence interval [CI] 10-37%). However, the probability of disease-specific survival at 10 years was 84% (95% CI 66-93%) and overall survival was 78% (95% CI 60-89%). The CHT group had higher-risk features than the comparison group (123 patients), with an almost doubled risk of calculated preoperative 5-year BCR (69% vs 36%, P \u3c 0.01). After adjusting for these imbalances the CHT group had trends toward improvement in BCR (hazard ratio [HR] 0.76, 95% CI 0.43-1.34; P = 0.3) and metastasis-free survival (HR 0.55, 95% CI 0.24-1.29; P = 0.2) although these were not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS: Neoadjuvant CHT followed by RP was associated with lower rates of BCR and metastasis compared with the RP-only group; however, these results were not statistically significant. Because this treatment strategy has known harms and unproven benefit, this strategy should only be instituted in the setting of a clinical trial

Relationship between antipyretic effects and cytokine levels in uncomplicated falciparum malaria during different treatment regimes

We have previously shown that both chloroquine and paracetamol (acetaminophen) have antipyretic activity during treatment of acute uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria in children 1-4 years old. Here, we studied if this effect was accompanied by changes in plasma cytokine levels. The 104 children were treated with either chloroquine or sulfadoxine/pyrimethamine (SP) alone, SP + chloroquine or SP + paracetamol for 4 days. Cytokine levels were determined days 0, 2 and 3, body temperature every sixth hour until 72 h and parasitemia once daily for 4 days. At admission, body temperature correlated with levels of IL-10, IFN-γ and IL-6, and parasitemia correlated with IL-10 and IL-6. Except for TNF-α and IL-1β, where no significant effect was found, all cytokine levels (IL-10, IFN-γ, IL-6, IL-12, IL-13, IL-18 and IL-4) decreased up to day 2 (p \u3c 0.05). IL-6 levels continued to fall from days 2 to 3 (p \u3c 0.05), whereas increased levels were found for several cytokines (IL-12, IL-13, IL-18 and IL-1β) (p \u3c 0.05). The antipyretic effects of chloroquine and paracetamol could not be related to any specific changes in the evaluated cytokine production or in Th1/Th2 or inflammatory/anti-inflammatory cytokine ratios. Alternative mechanisms for antipyretic effects and associations between fever and cytokine levels during uncomplicated P. falciparum malaria are therefore discussed. © 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved