Physical, chemical and microbiological changes during natural fermentation of \"gowé\", a sprouted or non sprouted sorghum beverage from West-Africa

Gowé is a traditional Beninese fermented beverage prepared from sprouted and non- prouted cereals. Due to urbanization, a new technique without any malting step has appeared in Southern Benin and is now widely used. The two techniques were compared using sorghum as the raw material. The physical, chemical and microbiological changes that occurred during a 72 h fermentation period were studied in both techniques. The dominant microflora was a mixed population of lactic acid bacteria and yeasts. The lactic acid bacteria population was higher in the traditional product at the start of fermentation (6.1 log cfu/g wet basis versus 4.5 in the modified process) because of the malting step. It then increased to 9.3 log cfu/g after 48 h fermentation. Enterobacteriaceae counts increased slightly during the first stage of fermentation but fell below the detectable level after 24 h in the traditional raw gowé and after 48 h in the modified raw gowé. The pH decreased from 6.3 to 3.4 in the traditional process and from 6.6 to 3.8 in the modified process, while the titratable acidity increased from 0.4 to 6.4% (w/w, lactic acid) and from 0.4 to 4.2%, respectively. Total soluble and reducing sugar content first increased, and then decreased with a concomitant increase in organic acids. The major organic acids were lactic acid and acetic acid. The fermentation process was thus more intense and faster in the traditional process, giving a significantly lower level of crude fat.African Journal of Biotechnology Vol. 4 (6), pp. 487-496, 200

La transformation des grains

Ce livre aborde la transformation des grains et prolonge le livre sur la conservation des grains paru dans la même collection. Il complète également deux ouvrages parus sur le fonio et le sorgho. L’objet est, cette fois, de présenter les différents procédés de transformation des céréales et d’autres grains en ciblant principalement les petites et moyennes entreprises comme principaux acteurs des systèmes de transformation des produits alimentaires dans les pays du Sud

La transformation des grains

Ce livre aborde la transformation des grains et prolonge le livre sur la conservation des grains paru dans la même collection. Il complète également deux ouvrages parus sur le fonio et le sorgho. L’objet est, cette fois, de présenter les différents procédés de transformation des céréales et d’autres grains en ciblant principalement les petites et moyennes entreprises comme principaux acteurs des systèmes de transformation des produits alimentaires dans les pays du Sud

Les aliments: transformation,conservation et qualité

Ce livre aborde les bases théoriques, les principes, les applications pratiques des opérations unitaires de transformation alimentaire, les méthodes d’optimisation et de conservation, d’analyse et de maîtrise de la qualité..

Stabilization and preservation of probiotic properties of the traditional starter of African opaque sorghum beers

This present study assessed the impact of drying process parameters, that is temperature and drying duration, on the dry matter content, pH, titratable acidity, yeasts and lactic acid bacteria content of granule starter of African opaque sorghum beer. Probiotic properties of the dry starter were tested. The aim was to establish levels of temperature and duration of drying that lead to a longer shelf life and optimum activity of the starter. Results show that the drying temperature has significant effects on the titratable acidity, yeasts and lactic acid bacteria contents of the granule starter while the level of dry matter was significantly affected by both temperature and duration of drying. The optimal drying conditions providing a stable granule starter with optimum viability of lactic acid bacteria and yeasts were established to 43°C and 24 h. Both wet and dried starters showed inhibitory effect on the meticillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus.Keywords: sorghum, opaque beer, starter, yeats, probiotic, Response Surface Methodolog