MORALITAS DALAM PERSPEKTIF AGAMA DAN SOSIOLOGI ( STUDI PERBANDINGAN PEMIKIRAN MURTADHA MUTHAHHARI DAN EMILE DURKHEIM )

YUNI HASTUTI DWI RETNO HANDAYANI : Persoalan moral selalu menjadi wacana yang tak pernah pudar di kalangan masyarakat. Persoalan moral selalu mengarah kepada baik dan buruk tindakan manusia. Dalam konteks sosiologi, ruang lingkup moralitas sangat diperhatikan. Keberadaan manusia sebagai makhluk sosial, tidak terlepas dari segala keteraturan yang mengikat manusia di lingkungan tempat hidupnya. Tindakan manusia yang dilakukan di masyarakat harus sesuai dengan kode etik dan norma-norma tertentu. Peran agama juga sangat penting dalam menjunjung perbuatan moral. Agama sebagai petunjuk dapat mengantarkan manusia menuju kehidupan yang lebih baik terutama dalam menjunjung tinggi perilaku yang mulia. Esensinya, suatu perbuatan tidak akan memiliki arti apapun apabila tidak dibarengi dengan nilai agama. Kajian agama dan sosiologi tentunya akan menjadi pembahasan yang menarik dalam konteks moralitas. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui dan memahami pandangan Emile Durkheim dan Murtadha Muthahhari mengenai konsep moral (moralitas); untuk mengetahui relasi pemikiran dari kedua tokoh yakni Murtadha Muthahhari dan Emile Durkheim. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode kajian pustaka menggunakan sumber data yang dihimpun dari kepustakaan. Referensi yang digunakan berupa buku-buku maupun sumber mengenai teori moral, agama serta sosiologi. Keseluruhan dari referensi tersebut digunakan untuk membandingkan teori moralitas yang dikaji dari sudut pandang agama dengan moralitas yang dikaji dari sudut pandang sosiologi. Hasil riset yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini bahwasannya moralitas yang dipandang dari segi agama harus di mulai dengan pengenalan terhadap Tuhan. Unsur keimanan dan ketakwaan merupakan dasar dari perbuatan moral. Muthahhari menegaskan suatu perbuatan dapat dikatakan perbuatan akhlaki atau memiliki nilai moral apabila perbuatan tersebut diorientasikan hanya kepada Allah SWT. Emile Durkheim atas kajian moralitas yang ditawarkannya lebih menegaskan bahwa suatu perbuatan dapat dikatakan bermoral apabila perbuatan tersebut menjunjung tinggi kepentingan umum. Durkheim menilai bahwa masyarakat merupakan dasar dari tujuan moral. Dalam konteks sosiologi, Durkheim tidak mengaitkan unsur teologi ke dalam moralitas, akan tetapi Durkheim memprioritaskan bahwa masyarakat merupakan tujuan dari perbuatan moral

Budaya organisasi dalam mendukung aktivitas dakwah di Yayasan Persadani Semarang (yayasan eks narapidana teroris)

Yuni Dwi Hastuti (1701036037). Budaya Organisasi Dalam Mendukung Aktivitas Dakwah di Yayasan Persadani Semarang (Yayasan Eks Narapidana Terroris). Budaya organisasi merupakan aspek penting dalam sebuah organisasi. Budaya organisasi membentuk dukungan internal yang dipahami secara bersama oleh anggota organisasi dalam mendukung aktivitas dakwah. Yayasan Persadani merupakan bagian dari penggerak dakwah yang pelaksanaan dakwahnya memandang penting budaya organisasi sebagai faktor pendukung internal. Penelitian ini ingin menguji pertanyaan tentang bagaimana budaya organisasi dibentuk oleh Yayasan Persadani Semarang, bagaimana yayasan Persadani melaksanakan aktivitas dakwah dan bagaimana budaya organisasi memberi dukungan aktivitas dakwah di Yayasan Persadani. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif deskriptif. Data untuk menjawab pertanyaan diatas adalah dengan observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Selain itu, data tersebut diuji keabsahannya dengan triangulasi sumber, dimana penulis memilih triangulasi sumber dan triangulasi teknik. Setelah data terkumpul maka dianalisis menggunakan reduksi data, kemudian penyajian data, lalu kesimpulan atau Verifikasi data. Temuan dalam penelitian ini meliputi budaya organisasi Persadani mewujud dalam nilai (1) tanggungjawab, (2) toleransi (3) solidaritas (4) setia pada misi (5) disiplin. Nilai-nilai tersebut dibentuk melalui proses penanaman dari cerita-cerita, ritual, simbol material dan bahasa.Budaya organisasi tersebut mendukung proses dakwah oleh Persadani yang termaktub dalam beberapa kegiatan. Pertama, RT-RW. Kedua, budidaya ikan air tawar dan pengelolaan pariwisata air. Ketiga, pembagian masker di beberapa wilayah Semarang. Keempat, penyemprotan desinfektan di Masjid daerah Semarang. Kelima, ta’lim di Masjid Darussalam, Pamularsih, Semarang. Keenam, sosialisasi deradikalisasi di lingkungan kampus dan pesantren. Ketujuh,baksos untuk ketahanan pangan kepada masyarakat di sekitar para anggota Persadani. Kedelapan, sosialisasi deradikalisasi melalui buku. Kesembilan, musyawarah rutin dengan sesama anggota. Budaya organisasi yayasan Persadani telah melahirkan perilaku prestatif dari anggota yayasan, khususnya dalam melaksanakan program-program yayasan yang secara tidak langsung termaktub nilai dakwah di dalamnya. Sehingga dapat dikatakan bahwa lima budaya organisasi yang terbentuk melalui prosesnya telah mendukung aktivitas dakwah secara baik

GAMBARAN SELF CARE PENDERITA DIABETES MELITUS (DM) DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS SRONDOL SEMARANG

ABSTRACT Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a disease characterized by increased levels of glucose in the blood and diseases that cannot be cured thus require a self-care. Self-care DM is a program that must run throughout the life of patients. Self-care DM aims to optimize the metabolic control, optimize the quality of life, and prevent acute and chronic complications. The purpose of this research is to describe the self-care of diabetes mellitus (DM) in the working area of PuskesmasSrondol Semarang.This research is a quantitative descriptive survey. Data were collected using a Summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activities (SDSCA) questionnaire. Samples were taken by using purposive sampling with a total sample of 135 respondents. Analysis of the data in this research is used univariate analysis. The results showed the good behavior of self care and self care behaviors have less frequency distribution was similar in patients with DM. In the category of good self care and self care 50.4% 49.6% less. Besides all the components of diabetes self care more in both categories namely 51.1% diet, physical activity by 57%, 50.4% foot care, taking medication diabetes by 80%, and monitoring blood sugar by 55.6%. Self-care behavior that needs to be improved is the pattern of eating, follow a special training session (sport), check the inside of shoes before use, and use a moisturizer on foot. DM patients are expected to increase self-care behaviors to improve health status and prevent further complications of the disease. Keywords: Self Care, DM patient

Kelelahan pada Pasien Congestive Heart Failure

Introduction: Fatigue is a characteristic symptom and is often found in CHF patients and has a negative effect on daily activities, disease prognosis, and patient's quality of life. However, fatigue is a common symptom that is often overlooked and ignored. Limited study explored fatigue in CHF patients. The aim of this study was to explore fatigue in CHF patients. Methods: The research design is a descriptive survey. The total research sample is 85 respondents. Data were taken using a Multidimensional Assessment Fatigue (MAF) questionnaire with univariate data analysis in the form of a frequency distribution. Respondents involved in the study were patients aged >18 years who suffered from CHF based on a doctor's diagnosis and confirmed by medical records. Results: The majority of respondents are elderly with female gender, work as household workers, and heve income less than Rp1,500,000/month. Examination of vital signs performed on the majority of CHF patients showed normal temperature (36.5℃ - 37.5℃), pre-hypertensive blood pressure (120/80 - 139/89 mmHg), normal pulse (60-100x/min), and normal respiratory rate (12-20x/minute). Most patients have a CHF duration of 1–3 years, and are in grades 2 and 3 based on the New York Association (NYHA) classification. The results of this study were 65.9% of CHF patients experienced moderate fatigue, 17.6% severe fatigue, and 16.5% mild fatigue. Conclusion: Health services can consider efforts to improve the quality of nursing services in overcoming or minimizing fatigue experienced by CHF patients. These efforts can be a therapy, evidence-based health education, or fatigue monitoring for preventing a worsening of disease prognosis and improving the patient's quality of life. Keywords: CHF, Fatigue, Multidimensional Assesment Fatigue

HUBUNGAN ULKUS DIABETIK TERHADAP INTERAKSI SOSIAL PENDERITA DIABETES MELITUS DI RUMAH SAKIT BANYUDONO

ABSTRACT Rinda Dwi Oktaviani Social interaction in diabetes mellitus patient with diabetic foot ulcer in RSUD Banyudono Boyolali xiv + 78 Pages + 11 Tables + 2 Pictures + 16 Attachment Diabetes mellitus is a common disease in this era. Patients who had been suffering from diabetes, undergo complications such as diabetic foot ulcers / diabetic ulcers. Patient’s disturbance is not only from physical disturbance, but also psychosocial disturbance such as social interaction. The aim of this study was to determine the social interaction in patients with type II diabetes mellitus who have diabetic ulcers in Banyudono Hospital Boyolali. The method is quantitative descriptive survey. Total 125 respondents enrolled using total sampling technique. Data were collected using a questionnaire of social interaction, adaptation and modification from Praptono (2014) research. The results showed that respondents who have good social interaction were 56% and respondents who have low social interaction were 44%. There are 3 items statements that have the highest yield that is not confident , understand the benefits of interacting and aloof. The conclusions of this study indicate that most patients with type II diabetes meillitus who had diabetic ulcers have a good social interaction. Advice can be recommended for family to always give information and support patient to maintain their condition. Also, health care provider should give psychosocial treatment to the patients. Key word : Diabetes Mellitus, Diabetic Foot Ulcer, Sosial Interaction, Bibliography : 86 (2004 – 2014

Kecemasan Pasien dengan Penyakit Jantung Koroner Paska Percutaneous Coronary Intervention

Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI) adalah salah satu perawatan untuk penyakit arteri koroner selain penatalaksanaan obat dan tindakan Coronary Artery Bypass Graft (CABG). PCI secara signifikan mengurangi gejala PJK, mengurangi angka kematian, dan meningkatkan kualitas hidup, tetapi beberapa pasien dapat mengalami kecemasan setelah PCI karena beberapa faktor. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi kecemasan dan faktor-faktor terkait demografi. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif dengan teknik total sampling. Total sampel adalah 80 responden. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS), kemudian dianalisis dengan analisis univariat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 78,8% responden adalah laki-laki, 52,5% berusia 56-65 tahun, 52,5% bekerja, 93,8% menikah, 42,5% berpendidikan sekolah menengah, 71,2% berpenghasilan 1,1-3 juta, 83,8% tidak pernah menjalani PCI dan 72,5% responden berada dalam tingkat kecemasan sedang. Oleh karena itu diperlukan tindakan yang tepat untuk mengurangi kecemasan pasien yang menjalani PCI seperti berbagi pengalaman, pendekatan perilaku kognitif,, teknik napas lambat, distraksi, hipnosis, serta adanya tim psikiatri yang terlibat dalam tim perawatan pasien yang menjalani PCI Kata kunci: Penyakit jantung koroner, kecemasan, PCI Abstract Anxiety of Patients With Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI). Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI) is one of the treatments for coronary artery disease other than drug treatment and coronary artery bypass grafting surgery. PCI significantly decreases the symptoms of CHD, reduces mortality, and improves quality of life but some patients may experience anxiety after PCI because of several factors. The purpose of the research was to identify the anxiety and the demographic related factors. The research was a descriptive study with total sampling technique. Total sample were 80 respondents. Data collected using Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS), then analized by univariate analysis. The result showed that 78.8% of respondents were male, 52.5% aged 56-65 years, 52.5% were working, 93.8% were married, 42.5% have a high school education, 71.2% earn 1.1-3 million, 83.8% have never undergone PCI and 72.5% respondents were in moderate anxiety level. Therefore we need the right action to deal with the anxiety of patients undergoing PCI such as sharing experience, cognitive behavioral approaches, slow breathing techniques, distraction, hypnosis, and the presence of a psychiatric team involved in the care team of patients undergoing PCI Keywords: Coronary artery disease, anxiety, PC

GAMBARAN HEALTH BELIEF PADA PENDERITA DIABETES MELITUS TIPE II

Type II Diabetes Mellitus is a chronic disease that where people with diabetes require treatment and self-care independently and sustainably. This self-care that causes people with diabetes has to change behavior as a form of adaptation. This study aimed to determine the description of health belief in patients with Type II Diabetes Mellitus. This was a non experimental quantitative. This research used convenience sampling technique and analyzed by descriptive statistics. Data were collected by questionnaire named Diabetes Health Belief Measure. There were 137 respondents participated in this research. The results showed that 53.3% of patients with Type II diabetes mellitus have a bad Health Belief. Domain perceived susceptibility 53,3% of respondent in bad health belief category, 54% of respondents in bad category in domain perceived severity, domain perceived benefits 51,1% of respondent in bad category, domain perceived barriers 56,2% respondent in good category and domain cues to action 70.8% of respondents in good category. Health workers are expected to apply or provide interventions to improve the health belief of type II Diabetes Mellitus patients as routine by providing health education on the seriousness and susceptibility of Diabetes Mellitus type II disease as well as the benefits of medication and diet. Keywords : Health Belief, patients with Type II Diabetes Mellitu

Gambaran Kualitas Tidur Pasien yang Menjalani Hemodialisis di RSUD Kraton Kabupaten Pekalongan

ABSTRACT Patients undergoing hemodialysis has physical and psychological problems. One of the physical problems was sleep disorders . Patients undergoing hemodialysis are more likely to experience sleep disorders 25% higher than normal adults. The purpose of this study was to describe the sleep quality of patients undergoing hemodialysis in Kraton District Hospital Pekalongan. The design of this study used descriptive research. This research method is non-experimental with cross-sectional design. The sampling technique in this study was consecutive sampling. The sample in this study was patients who underwent routine hemodialysis at least 1 time in 1 week. Retrieval of data used the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) questionnaire in Indonesian with the number of respondents 82 hemodialysis patients. The data analyzed used was univariate data analysis. The results showed that 60 respondents (73.2%) had poor sleep quality and the remaining 22 respondents (26.8%) had good sleep quality. These results indicate the majority of hemodialysis patients have poor sleep quality. This research is expected to be an additional input and information for the nursing profession to implement and improve nursing care, especially those related to the fulfillment of sleep needs. Keywords: hemodialysis, sleep quality, PSQ

The Effect of Guided Inquiry Learning Model to the Metacognitive Ability of Primary School Students

This study aimed at analyzing the effect of guided inquiry learning to the metacognitive ability of primary school students on the material of Least Common Multiple (KPK) and Greatest Common Divisor (FPB). The type of study was a mixed-method using quantitative and qualitative methods. There were 55 students of 4th grade used as the subjects of study. Two learning models were compared, namely guided inquiry learning model and conventional learning model. The students’ metacognitive ability was measured by means of problem-solving test on the material of Least Common Multiple (KPK) and Greatest Common Divisor (FPB). The quantitative analysis data used descriptive and inferential statistical tests. According to the results of data analysis, it was discovered that the t-test of sig (2-tailed) from the independent samples t-test of post-test was 0,00 (p = <0,05); this indicated that there was a significant difference on it. This showed that there was a difference of students’ metacognitive ability for both classes in solving the problems of Least Common Multiple (KPK) and Greatest Common Divisor (FPB) after the guided inquiry learning was implemented. Consequently, it can be concluded that there is a significant effect on the implementation of guided inquiry learning model to improve the students’ metacognitive ability in solving the material problems of Least Common Multiple (KPK) and Greatest Common Divisor (FPB)

Hubungan Persepsi Supervisi dengan Perilaku Perawat dalam Menerapkan Patient Safety di Instalasi Rawat Inap RSUD Tugurejo

Patient safety is a basic component in providing high-quality health services. With this regard, nursing services play an important role in improving the quality and safety of patients in the hospital. The nurses’ behaviors of patient safety practices can be improved through the supervision activities. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between the nurses’ perception of supervision and nurses’ behaviors in implementing the patient safety program at the inpatient wards of Tugurejo General Public Hospital. This study was a quantitative research with a descriptive correlation method. A proportional random sampling was employed to take the samples and resulted in 129 nurses. The data were collected using questionnaires and analyzed using a univariate analysis and a bivariate analysis with the chi-square test. The results showed that the majority of respondents were women (70.5%), aged of 26-35 (62.0%), hold a Diploma III of nursing (51.2%), had attended training (56.6%) and were involved as members of the patient safety team (15.5%). Furthermore, more than half of the respondents rated the supervision in good category (52,7%), and the respondents had good behaviors in implementing the patient safety program (51.9%). The result of bivariate analysis obtained a p-value of 0.000, indicating that there was a relationship between nurses’ perception of supervision and nurses’ behaviors in implementing the patient safety program. Based on the findings, it is suggested that the hospital management improves the supervision activities by providing guidance and evaluation. In addition, the nurses need to improve their behaviors to reduce the risk of infection by washing hands after they make contact with the patients