Kajian Ekolinguistik Terhadap Metafora dalam Tradisi Lisan Sinandong sebagai Manifestasi Jati Diri Masyarakat Tanjungbalai

Tradisi lisan Sinandong tumbuh dan berkembang di lingkungan masyarakat Tanjungbalai dengan memuat kesepakatan yang memukakan aspek keteladanan dan norma sosial masyarakat. Pesatnya arus balik budaya global menyebabkan tradisi terancam kelestariannya, sehingga kurang diminati oleh sebagian masyarakat, khususnya generasi muda. Fenomena ini menjadi salah satu yang melatarbelakangi perlunya dilakukan penelitian mengenai tradisi lisan Sinandong. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi 1) metafora, 2) makna simbolik dari tuturan Sinandong, dan 3) membangun jati diri masyarakat Tanjungbalai. Melalui library research, peneliti mengumpulkan transkripsi sejumlah 17 syair Sinandong yang berasal dari artikel, buku cetak, dan pesinandong. Data dianalisis menggunakan kajian ekolinguistik Haugen (1971) dengan mengikuti tradisi Haugenian yang berfokus pada ekologi bahasa dalam tali-temali antara manusia, bahasa, dan lingkungan. Dalam menjawab rumusan masalah mengenai metafora dan makna simbolik, peneliti menggunakan pendekatan Ullman (2014). Sedangkan, mengenai jati diri masyarakat Tanjungbalai menggunakan pendekatan Rummens (2001). Berdasarkan hasil analisis data diperoleh: 1) metafora yang teridentifikasi dalam tuturan Sinandong terdiri atas empat jenis, namun metafora antropomorfis terbanyak karena kecenderungan pemanfaatan organ tubuh manusia lebih banyak digunakan untuk mengungkapkan makna-makna yang berkaitan dengan isi tuturan Sinandong, 2) keseluruhan metafora dalam tuturan Sinandong dapat membangun makna simbolik. Salah satunya berupa ikan senangin, yakni menyimbolkan suatu harapan besar bagi nelayan agar mendapat hasil tangkapan yang melimpah, dan 3) terdapat lima jati diri masyarakat Tanjungbalai yaitu 1) sopan santun, 2) religius, 3) kerja keras, 4) silih asih, dan 5) bijaksana. Jati diri sopan santun paling banyak ditemukan karena masyarakat Tanjungbalai mampu berbicara dan membawa diri dengan senantiasa menunjukkan sikap hormat kepada orang, berdasarkan derajat dan kedudukannya. Kata kunci: ekolinguistik, tradisi lisan Sinandong, metafora, makna simbolik, jati diri masyarakat. The Sinandong oral tradition grows and develops in Tanjungbalai community by containing an agreement that expresses the exemplary aspects and social norms of the community. The rapid backflow of global culture threatens its sustainability so that it is less attractive to some people, especially the younger generation. This phenomenon is one of the reasons behind the need for a research on oral traditions at Tanjungbalai traditional ceremonies. This study aims to identify the metaphor and symbolic meaning of the Sinandong speech, as well as to build the identity of Tanjungbalai community. Through library research, the researcher collected transcriptions of 17 Sinandong poems from article, printed books, and the pesinandong. Data analysis using the ecolinguistic study Haugen (1971) follows the Haugeni tradition which focuses on the ecology of deep language among humans, language, and the environment. In answering the problem formulation regarding metaphor and symbolic meaning, the researcher uses the Ullman approach (2014). Meanwhile, regarding the identity of the Tanjungbalai community using the Rummens approach (2001). The results of this study indicate that, first, the Sinandong oral tradition contains 28 data on metaphors and symbolic meanings. Most of the anthropomorphic metaphors are caused by the tendency to use human organs more to express meaning related to Sinandong’s speech. Second, all the metaphors in Sinandong’s speech can build symbolic meaning. One of them is the ikan senangin, which satisfies the high hopes of fisherman for a bountiful catch. Third, the identity of Tanjungbalai community is 1) polite, 2) religious, 3) hardworking, 4) silih asih, and 5) wise. The identity of politeness is found since Tanjungbalai community who are able to speak and carry themselves by always showing respect to others, based on their degree and position. Keywords: ecolinguistics, Sinandong oral tradition, metaphors, symbolic meanings, community identity

The analysis of conversational implicature in The Great Gatsby (2013) movie

Conversational implicature is an inference, the hearer works with implicit messages in the utterances in conversational interaction. In a conversation people sometimes utter something which has different meaning from what it means to be, it is called implicature. This research focuses on analyzing conversational implicature and find out principles of cooperation contained in The Great Gatsby movie (2013). This research is aimed at finding out two points: 1. Conversational implicatures are found in The Great Gatsby movie, 2. Maxims of principle of cooperation are obeyed in The Great Gatsby movie caused the implicature. Yule’s theory is used in this study to explain of conversational implicature. On the other hand, the writer also uses Grice’s theory to explain principle of cooperation. In analyzing the data, the writer uses qualitative method to interpret the data descriptively and the data of this research taken from The Great Gatsby movie subtitles. In doing this research, the speaker utterance is classified based on two types of conversational implicature and four types of principle of cooperation. The writer has found 30 data in this movie. The result, there two points; first, the writer has found the whole types of conversational implicature, they are 20 data as generalized conversational implicature and 10 data as particularized conversational implicature. It means that generalized conversational implicature is the most dominant type used in this movie. Generalized conversational implicature is dominant because the speaker often talking in general that is able to be understood by hearer. Second, implicature is caused by the fulfillment by principles of cooperation; there are four types of maxims; seven data as maxim of quantity, four data as maxim of quality, thirteen data as maxim of relevance, and five data as maxim of manner. It means that principle of cooperation, maxim of relevance is the most dominant used in the movie. Maxim of relevance is dominant because the speaker often said something relevant with the context of conversation

RANCANG BANGUN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN AVIONIC - ADF (AUTOMATIC DIRECTION FINDING SYSTEM) BERBASIS MULTIMEDIA ANIMASI PADA ATKP MEDAN

Abstract - The importance of learning media is utilized by ATKP Medan as an opportunity to continue to improve the quality of learning. However, the most common problem in avionic learning is the limited resources available. This is because to access Avionic learning, cadets can only access it from LAB CBT. This is because Avionic software is only installed inside the lab and cannot be learned from outside the lab. The purpose of this research is to improve the learning process of Avionic - Automatic Direction Finding System digitally which is packaged in multimedia animation to make it easier for cadets to learn the Avionic Automatic Direction Finding System without having access in the laboratory. The method used in this study is to use the MDLC Multimedia Development Life Cycle method, namely the Concept, Design, Material Collecting, Manufacturing, Testing, Distribution methods. The learning media produced from this study are by displaying 5 types of display pages, namely Introduction, ADF Components, Sense Antennas, Antenna Components, and Direction Finding System.Keywords - Learning Media, Avionic, ADF, ATKP Medan  Abstract - Pentingnya media pembelajaran dimanfaatkan oleh ATKP Medan sebagai kesempatan untuk terus meningkatkan mutu pembelajaran.  Namun, permasalahan yang paling sering terjadi dalam pembelajaran avionic adalah adanya keterbatasan resource yang ada. Hal ini dikarenakan untuk mengakses pembelajaran Avionic para taruna hanya bisa mengaksesnya dari LAB CBT. Hal ini disebabkan software Avionic hanya terpasang didalam lab dan tidak bisa dipelajari dari luar lab. Tujuan dalam penelitian ini adalah meningkatkan proses pembelajaran Avionic - Automatic Direction Finding System secara digital yang dkemas dalam animasi multimedia untuk memudahkan para taruna untuk mempelajari Avionic Automatic Direction Finding System  tanpa harus akses di laboratories. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah menggunakan Dengan menggunakan metode Multimedia Development Life Cycle MDLC  yaitu metode Konsep (Concept), Perancangan (Desain), Pengumpulan Bahan (Material Collecting), Pembuatan (Assembly), Pengujian (Testing), Distribusi (Distribution). Media pembelajaran yang dihasilkan dari penelitian ini adalah dengan menampilkan 5 jenis halaman tampilan yaitu Introduction, Komponen ADF, Sense Antenna, Komponen Antena dan Direction Finding System.Kata kunci - Media Pembelajaran,  Avionic, ADF, ATKP Medan

Studi Pengukuran Tahanan Pentanahan Menara Saluran Udara Tegangan Tinggi (SUTT) 150 KV Sidikalang-Salak Dengan Menggunakan Sistem Counterpoise

Abstrak PT. PLN (Persero) UPK JAR SUM 1 Sumatera Utara pada pemeliharaan dan perbaikan saluran udara tegangan tinggi (SUTT) 150 kV wilayah Sidikalang-Salak sering kali ditemukan terjadinya gangguan listrik yang disebabkan oleh arus lebih atau tegangan lebih. Untuk mengatasi hal itu dibuatlah jalur pentanahan yang membuat arus gangguan dapat cepat dialirkan ke dalam tanah dan disebarkan ke segala arah. Nilai maksimum tahanan pentanahan yang diperbolehkan oleh PT PLN (Persero) jalur transmisi SUTT 150 kV sebesar 15 Ω. Jalur transmisi Sidikalang-Salak mempunyai menara sebanyak 174 dengan jenis elektroda batang atau disebut grounding rod. Jumlah elektroda yang ditanam ke dalam tanah sebanyak 4 elektroda terpasang secara paralel. Dari pengukuran gabungan 4 elektroda batang yang ditanam sedalam 4 meter mempunyai nilai tahanan sebesar 2 Ω. Nilai ini dapat diperkecil dengan pembuktian yaitu analisis perhitungan tahanan pentanahan dengan mengganti elektroda batang sedalam 4 meter yang didapat nilai tahanan pentanahan sebesar 1,56 Ω atau memakai elektroda batang dengan kedalaman 5 meter yang di dapat nilai tahanan pentanahan sebesar 1,29 Ω. Untuk daerah-daerah yang tahanan jenis tanahnya tinggi, batang pentanahan tidak praktis digunakan. Bilamana digunakan sistem counterpoise, tahanan kaki menara secara teoritis dapat dihitung dengan rumus yang ada.  Kata Kunci : Pentanahan, Resistansi, Gangguan, SUTT, Counterpoise

Konsumsi Daya Pada Sistem Kendali Remote Air Conditioner Otomatis (KRACO)

AbstrakSalah satu solusi untuk mengefisienkan penggunaan energi listrik di masyarakat dalam penggunaan Air Conditioner (AC) adalah merancang sebuah sistem switch otomatis untuk mendeteksi keberadaan manusia dan kondisi suhu pada suatu ruangan. Sistem alat kendali ini, menggunakan arduino nano sebagai pengendali, sensor passive infrared (PIR) untuk mendeteksi keberadaan manusia dan sensor suhu dan kelembaban DHT11 untuk mengetahui kondisi suhu pada ruangan tersebut. Dalam penelitian ini, metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah sebagai berikut: pembuatan skema hardware dan software, melakukan simulasi sistem elektronik pengumpulan data dan pengujian sistem. Berdasarkan data yang diperoleh dapat dijelaskan bahwa daya listrik pada alat kendali remote AC otomatis dengan waktu kerja 10 menit sekali sebesar 0,0004 kWH dan alat kendali remote AC otomatis dengan waktu kerja 15 menit sekali sebesar 0,0006.  Kata Kunci: Daya, Remote AC, Kendali Otomatis, Arduin

Iconic Meaning and Index Meaning of Traditional Culinary in Labuhanbatu: Ecolinguistic Study

The Labuhanbatu is a regency of North Sumatera, its seat is Rantau Prapat. Not only famous for its oil palm and rubber plantations, but also famous for its variety of culinary delights and the uniqueness of its culinary naming. Usually culinary naming is based on iconic meaning and index meaning. This paper focuses on description iconic meaning and index meaning of traditional culinary in Labuhanbatu and also describes the relationship between aspects with iconic meaning and index meaning. In this research, the writer uses qualitative method with ecolinguistic review. The data of this research are Labuhanbatu culinary names. The method of data collection is done by in-depth interviews and literature study. The result of iconic meaning and index meaning of traditional culinary in Labuhanbatu’s culineries are: (1) anyang terubuk, whose name have the iconic meaning is reflected in the fish's cooking process, which is 'anyang' or chopped raw, and instead of using fire, it is cooked by smearing a concoction of seasonings on the fish (2) pajri nonas, whose name have the indexical meaning is found in the dish’s name, which is reflected in the ingredients used.  (3) anyang buas-buas, whose name have the iconic meaning of the name is shown in the way the dish is processed by ‘dianyang’ or by cutting the leaves raw and cooking it by smearing the dish with a variety of spices.  (4) pongat jelok, whose name have the indexical meaning of it exists because the dish holds the nature of bringing togetherness and has a particular philosophy to the community related to their customs. (5) sarak terong, whose name have the iconic meaning of it is shown in the main ingredient used. The ingredient is the eggplant which displays that the eggplant icon is the sign, and the relationship between the signifier and the sign is scientifically accompanying.