Characteristics of Se'i (Rotenesse Smoked Meat) Treated with Coconut Shell Liquid Smoked and Citrus Aurantifolia Extract

The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of Citrus aurantifolia extract (CAE), coconut shell liquid smoke (CSLS) and the combination of CAE and CSLS (CACS) on se'i characteristics. A completely randomized design was assigned in this experiment. Treatments used were: se'i treated with 5% (v/v) CAE, CSLS 5% (v/v), (CAE : CSL 1:1) )/ (CACS) and untreated se'i as a control (C). Parameters measured were: aroma, color, taste, pH, residual nitrite, total bacterial count, Coliform, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Salmonella. The data of aroma, color, and taste were analyzed by using Kruskal-Wallis test followed by Mann-Whitney test. The pH, residual nitrite, and bacterial data were analyzed with analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by least significant differences test. Results showed that CAE caused the highest score at both aroma and taste (P<0.05). CSLS caused the lowest residual nitrite (27 ppm) (P<0.05). Application of CAE and CACS could reduce total bacteria (P<0.05) at least 1 log. Color, pH, and Coliform number were not significantly different. S. aureus, E. coli, and Salmonella were negative in all se'i samples. CAE gives the best organoleptics and bacteriological characteristics while CSLS is more effective in reducing nitrite

ANALISIS DISTRIBUSI MARGIN DI ANTARA LEMBAGA-LEMBAGA PEMASARAN TERNAK SAPI POTONG DI KABUPATEN KUPANG NUSA TENGGARA TIMUR (Anaysis of margin distribution between marketing beef cattle institutions in Kupang District East Nusa Tenggara)

The activities of the institutions involved in beef cattle marketing in Kupang District-ENT include: purchasing, transportation, sorting, standardization and grading, and so on. In carrying out these activities, traders sacrifice costs, labor and time. Therefore, marketing margins will be created as return for these sacrifices. This research was conducted by survey method. Data analysis was running by analysis of farmer's share and marketing margins. The results of the study: farmer's share has been fairly. The average farmer share was 59.01%. Marketing margin was 62.17%; profit margin was 66.71%. The largest profit margin is received by midlemen  traders was 60.70%, inter-island traders was 29.30%. There disparity in distribution of marketing margins, where  was 88.57% for midlemen and only 48.33% for inter-island traders.   ABSTRAK Kegiatan lembaga-lembaga yang terlibat dalam pemasaran ternak sapi potong di Kabupaten Kupang-NTT antara lain: pembelian, pengangkutan, sortasi, standarisasi dan grading, dan sebagainya. Dalam melakukan berbagai kegiatan tersebut, para pedagang mengorbankan biaya, tenaga dan waktu. Oleh karena itu akan tercipta margin pemasaran sebagai balas jasa terhadap segala pengorbanan tersebut. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode survai. Analisis data dilakukan dengan farmer’s share dan margin pemasaran. Hasil penelitian: farmer’s share sudah cukup  adil. Rata-rata farmer’s share 59,01%. Margin pemasaran 62,17%; profit margin 66.71%. Profit margin terbesar diterima pedagang perantara 60.70%, pedagang antar pulau 29.30%. Terjadi distribusi margin pemasaran yan timpang, yakni 88,57% diterima pedagang perantara dan 48,33% yang diterima pedagang antar pulau

Omnipolarity applied to equi-spaced electrode array for ventricular tachycardia substrate mapping

Aims : Bipolar electrogram (BiEGM)-based substrate maps are heavily influenced by direction of a wavefront to the mapping bipole. In this study, we evaluate high-resolution, orientation-independent peak-to-peak voltage (Vpp) maps obtained with an equi-spaced electrode array and omnipolar EGMs (OTEGMs), measure its beat-to-beat consistency, and assess its ability to delineate diseased areas within the myocardium compared against traditional BiEGMs on two orientations: along (AL) and across (AC) array splines. Methods and results: The endocardium of the left ventricle of 10 pigs (three healthy and seven infarcted) were each mapped using an Advisor™ HD grid with a research EnSite Precision™ system. Cardiac magnetic resonance images with late gadolinium enhancement were registered with electroanatomical maps and were used for gross scar delineation. Over healthy areas, OTEGM Vpp values are larger than AL bipoles by 27% and AC bipoles by 26%, and over infarcted areas OTEGM Vpp values are 23% larger than AL bipoles and 27% larger than AC bipoles (P < 0.05). Omnipolar EGM voltage maps were 37% denser than BiEGM maps. In addition, OTEGM Vpp values are more consistent than bipolar Vpps showing less beat-by-beat variation than BiEGM by 39% and 47% over both infarcted and healthy areas, respectively (P < 0.01). Omnipolar EGM better delineate infarcted areas than traditional BiEGMs from both orientations. Conclusion: An equi-spaced electrode grid when combined with omnipolar methodology yielded the largest detectable bipolar-like voltage and is void of directional influences, providing reliable voltage assessment within infarcted and non-infarcted regions of the heart.This work was funded by Abbott Laboratories, St. Paul, MN, USA.S

Levumi: A Web-Based Curriculum-Based Measruement to Monitor Learning Progress in Inclusive Classrooms

Our paper introduces and assesses the Levumi platform’s web-based assessment of reading fluency. One challenges of inclusive education is meeting the needs of the learners with special education needs (SEN). Children with SEN and other risk factors face an increased risk of failing in schools and manifesting academic and social problems over the time. Web-based curriculum-based measurement (CBM) can provide an effective tool to track progress of learners and limit such risks. In particular, it can ease the challenges of test administration in inclusive classrooms through automation and providing multiple difficulty levels without the need of different paper-forms. Furthermore, Levumi can help educators track children and thus provide support for learners. Levumi takes advantage of the strengths of web-based CBM to assess reading fluency in primary school students. We confirmed the reading fluency test’s test-retest reliability (n = 334), its ability to measure learning over time in individual learners with SEN (n = 8, across 14 MPs), and its applicability to learners with SEN (n = 300, including n = 46 with SEN). We evaluate Levumi’s overall usefulness in assessing different types of learners, and discuss its contributions to CBM research

Assessment and intervention issues and models in School Psychology : the case of Europe and North America

As práticas da Psicologia Escolar parecem ser cada vez mais marcadas pelas necessidades de referenciação/diagnóstico de crianças para o subsistema de educação especial, em detrimento do desenho e implementação de intervenções dirigidas aos problemas específicos dos alunos. A aparente insatisfação dos psicólogos escolares com essa tendência, bem como as dificuldades na utilização de modelos categoriais de diagnóstico em contexto escolar, têm dado origem à progressiva implementação de modelos alternativos de avaliação e intervenção, principalmente de modelos Response to Intervention, Curriculum-Based Measurement e Problem Solving. A controvérsia quanto à natureza verdadeiramente alternativa desses modelos parece, no entanto, longe de se esgotar. Neste artigo são discutidas vantagens e limitações dos diferentes modelos, de acordo com a melhor evidência disponível na literatura, e são ainda equacionadas as suas implicações nas práticas da Psicologia Escolar. Practices in School Psychology seem to be increasingly restricted to referrals/diagnosis of children for the sub-system of special education instead of being focused on the design and implementation of interventions for students with specific problems. The apparent dissatisfaction of school psychologists with this trend and the difficulties dealing with categorical diagnostic models within the school context have stimulated a movement toward the implementation of alternative assessment and intervention models, such as Response to Intervention, Curriculum-Based Measurement and Problem-Solving. However, the controversy about the true alternative nature of these models seems far from being exhausted. The aim of this paper is to discuss the benefits and limitations of the different models according to the best evidence available. We also consider the implications for practices in School PsychologyPractices in School Psychology seem to be increasingly restricted to referrals/diagnosis of children for the sub-system of special education instead of being focused on the design and implementation of interventions for students with specific problems. The apparent dissatisfaction of school psychologists with this trend and the difficulties dealing with categorical diagnostic models within the school context have stimulated a movement toward the implementation of alternative assessment and intervention models, such as Response to Intervention, Curriculum-Based Measurement and Problem-Solving. However, the controversy about the true alternative nature of these models seems far from being exhausted. The aim of this paper is to discuss the benefits and limitations of the different models according to the best evidence available. We also consider the implications for practices in School Psychology(undefined

Chloroplast DNA from lettuce and Barnadesia (Asteraceae): structure, gene localization, and characterization of a large inversion

We have cloned into plasmids 17 of 18 lettuce chloroplast DNA SacI fragments covering 96% of the genome. The cloned fragments were used to construct cleavage maps for 10 restriction enzymes for the chloroplast genomes of lettuce ( Lactuca sativa ) and Barnadesia caryophylla , two distantly related species in the sunflower family (Asteraceae). Both genomes are approximately 151 kb in size and contain a 25 kb inverted repeat. We also mapped the position and orientation of 37 chloroplast DNA genes. The mapping studies reveal that chloroplast DNAs of lettuce and Barnadesia differ by a 22 kb inversion in the large single copy region. Barnadesia has retained the primitive land plant genome arrangement, while the inversion has occurred in a lettuce lineage. The endpoints of the derived lettuce inversion were located by comparison to the well-characterized spinach and tobacco genomes. Both endpoints are located in intergenic spacers within tRNA gene clusters; one cluster being located downstream from the atpA gene and the other upstream from the psbD gene. The endpoint near the atpA gene is very close to one endpoint of a 20 kb inversion in wheat (Howe et al. 1983; Quigley and Weil 1985). Comparison of the restriction site maps gives an estimated sequence divergence of 3.7% for the lettuce and Barnadesia genomes. This value is relatively low compared to previous estimates for other angiosperm groups, suggesting a high degree of sequence conservation in the Asteraceae.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/46961/1/294_2004_Article_BF00384619.pd

Incorporating Prediction in Models for Two-Dimensional Smooth Pursuit

A predictive component can contribute to the command signal for smooth pursuit. This is readily demonstrated by the fact that low frequency sinusoidal target motion can be tracked with zero time delay or even with a small lead. The objective of this study was to characterize the predictive contributions to pursuit tracking more precisely by developing analytical models for predictive smooth pursuit. Subjects tracked a small target moving in two dimensions. In the simplest case, the periodic target motion was composed of the sums of two sinusoidal motions (SS), along both the horizontal and the vertical axes. Motions following the same or similar paths, but having a richer spectral composition, were produced by having the target follow the same path but at a constant speed (CS), and by combining the horizontal SS velocity with the vertical CS velocity and vice versa. Several different quantitative models were evaluated. The predictive contribution to the eye tracking command signal could be modeled as a low-pass filtered target acceleration signal with a time delay. This predictive signal, when combined with retinal image velocity at the same time delay, as in classical models for the initiation of pursuit, gave a good fit to the data. The weighting of the predictive acceleration component was different in different experimental conditions, being largest when target motion was simplest, following the SS velocity profiles

Plant cell culture technology in the cosmetics and food industries : current state and future trends

The production of drugs, cosmetics, and food which are derived from plant cell and tissue cultures has a long tradition. The emerging trend of manufacturing cosmetics and food products in a natural and sustainable manner has brought a new wave in plant cell culture technology over the past 10 years. More than 50 products based on extracts from plant cell cultures have made their way into the cosmetics industry during this time, whereby the majority is produced with plant cell suspension cultures. In addition, the first plant cell culture-based food supplement ingredients, such as Echigena Plus and Teoside 10, are now produced at production scale. In this mini review, we discuss the reasons for and the characteristics as well as the challenges of plant cell culture-based productions for the cosmetics and food industries. It focuses on the current state of the art in this field. In addition, two examples of the latest developments in plant cell culture-based food production are presented, that is, superfood which boosts health and food that can be produced in the lab or at home

Monitoreo del progreso del alumno en la identificación de riesgo en la lectura

Este estudo tem por nalidade analisar o uso da monitorização com base no currículo como sistema escolar de identi cação de alunos em risco na leitura, no contexto de um modelo educativo baseado no grau de resposta à intervenção. Realizou-se uma investigação quantitativa em que participaram todos os alunos do 3o ano (82 alunos) de um agrupamento de escolas do norte de Portugal. O tratamento de dados foi feito com recurso à estatística descritiva e inferencial. Destacam-se, entre outras conclusões, a existência de dez alunos em risco na leitura durante todo o ano letivo e o facto de, no nal do 3o ano de escolaridade, a média de resultados dos alunos que nunca estiveram em risco ser superior ao dobro da média de resultados dos alunos que estiveram em risco todo o ano.This study aims to analyze the use of curriculum-based monitoring as a school system to identify students at risk in reading, in the context of an educational model based on the degree of response to intervention. A quantitative investigation was conducted with all third grade students (82 students) from a group of schools in the north of Portugal. Data processing was done using descriptive and inferential statistics. Among the conclusions, the following stand out: the existence of ten students at risk in reading throughout the school year and the fact that, at the end of the third year of schooling, the mean results of students who were never at risk was more than double the mean results of students who were at risk for the entire year.Cette étude a pour but d’analyser l’usage du contôle ayant pour base le coursus comme système scolaire d’identification des élèves présentant des risques dans la lecture, dans le contexte d’un modèle éducatif fondé sur le degrée de réponse à l’intervention. On a fait une investigation quantitative à laquelle ont participé tous les élèves de CM1 (82 élèves) d’un groupement d’écoles du nord du Portugal. Le traitement des données a été fait à l’aide de la statistique descriptive et inférentielle. On souligne, entre autres conclusions, l’existence de dix élèves en risque dans la lecture pendant toute l’année scolaire et le fait qu’à la fin de la troisièmme année de scolarité, la moyenne des résultats des élèves n’ayant jamais été en risque soit supérieur au double de la moyenne des résultats des élèves qui ont été en risque toute l’année.Este estudio tiene la finalidad de analizar el uso del monitoreo del currículo como sistema escolar de identificación de alumnos en riesgo en la lectura, en el marco de un modelo educativo basado en el grado de respuesta a la intervención. Se llevó a cabo una investigación cuantitativa en la que participaron todos los alumnos del 3er año (82 alumnos) de un agrupamiento de escuelas del norte de Portugal. El tratamiento de datos se efectuó por medio de la estadística descriptiva e de inferencias. Se destacan, entre otras conclusiones, la existencia de diez alumnos en riesgo en la lectura durante todo el año lectivo y el hecho de que, al final del 3er año de escolaridad, el promedio de resultados de los alumnos que nunca estuvieron en riesgo era superior al doble del promedio de resultados de los alumnos que estuvieron en riesgo todo el año.(undefined)info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio