Adolescents and youths’ opinions about the factors associated with cannabis use: a qualitative study based on the I-Change model

Background To learn about the experiences and opinions of adolescent non-consumers and regular cannabis users about cannabis use and the factors that determine its use, using the I-Change explanatory model as a basis. Methods Qualitative methodology with a content analysis was used. Focus groups were conducted with adolescents who were non-regular cannabis users (those who had not tried cannabis or had only experimented with it before) and semi-structured interviews were conducted with adolescent and young adult in recovery who were in a detoxification program. A deductive analysis of the audio-recorded and transcribed interviews was performed, using the domains of the I-Change Model as a reference. Results Personal problems, social problems or family problems can lead to cannabis use. There was a lack of knowledge and low risk perception about consumption of this drug. There are other factors that influence consumption, the perception of advantages, such as the feeling of freedom and the influence of the peer group. The consumption of this substance in girls is changing, becoming more and more equal to that of boys. The family has an important role to play in preventing drug use. Conclusion Knowledge of these factors is of vital importance as a prior step to the development of efficient intervention measures adjusted to the needs identified and the characteristics of the population. Keywords I-Change model, Nursing, Cannabis, Qualitative researc

Paper del farmacèutic en l’automedicació. UCD Costa de Ponent

Treballs d'Educació Farmacètica als ciutadans. Unitat Docent d'Estades en Pràctiques Tutelades. Facultat de Farmàcia , curs: 2013-2014, Tutors: Ramon Jódar Masanes, Anna Mas Comas i Marian March Pujo

Effects of the ruminal comminution rate and microbial contamination of particles on accuracy of in situ estimates of ruminal degradability and intestinal digestibility of feedstuffs.

Effects of considering the comminution rate -kc- and the correction of microbial contamination -using 15N techniques- of particles in the rumen on estimates of ruminally undegraded fractions and their intestinal digestibility were examined generating composite samples -from rumen-incubated residues- representative of the undegraded feed rumen outflow. The study used sunflower meal -SFM- and Italian ryegrass hay -RGH- and three rumen and duodenum cannulated wethers fed with a 40:60 RGH to concentrate diet -75 g DM/kgBW0.75-. Transit studies up to the duodenum with Yb-SFM and Eu-RGH marked samples showed higher kc values -/h- in SFM than in RGH -0.577 vs. 0.0892, p = 0.034-, whereas similar values occurred for the rumen passage rate -kp-. Estimates of ruminally undegraded and intestinal digestibility of all tested fractions decreased when kc was considered and also applying microbial correction. Thus, microbial uncorrected kp-based proportions of intestinal digested undegraded crude protein overestimated those corrected and kc-kp-based by 39% in SFM -0.146 vs. 0.105- and 761% in RGH -0.373 vs. 0.0433-. Results show that both kc and microbial contamination correction should be considered to obtain accurate in situ estimates in grasses, whereas in protein concentrates not considering kc is an important source of error

Fermented Milks from Small Ruminant: Effect on Metabolism and Immune Status of Mice Fed Mild Caloric Restricted Diet

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of the administration of Fermented Goat´S Milks (FGMs) in mice fed mild caloric restricted diet. The ability of these FGMs to ameliorate immune and metabolic parameters related to mild caloric restriction was studied. We also analyzed if the time (45 or 90 days) of caloric restriction have influence on leptin secretion, IgA+ cells number and phagocytic activity of peritoneal macrophages, and also test the correlation between these parameters. Mice were fed with a mild caloric restricted diet during 45 or 90 days. After these periods of caloric restriction, mice were refed with balanced conventional diet (BCD) plus goat´s milks or BCD plus goat´s milks fermented with Lactobacillus rhamnosus CRL1425 (FGM-Lr) or Lactobacillus casei CRL431 (FGM-Lc). All renutrition diets induced an increase of serum glucose, triglycerides, total proteins and leucocytes cells. A decrease in cholesterol levels was observed after the diets. FGM-Lr induced lower triglycerides values than others diets. All FGMs restore IgA+ cells in intestinal mucosa, and the FGM-Lc group had higher positive cells number than the ad libitum control. Furthermore, phagocytic activity of peritoneal macrophages only increased in mice fed with FGM-Lc. Mild caloric restriction induced a decrease on leptin circulating values at 90 days. The renutrition with FGM-Lr lead to lower leptin levels than mild caloric restriction controls, while FGM-Lc induced higher leptin levels. Positive correlation between serum leptin concentration and immune parameters was observed in all groups under study. We showed that leptin levels could positively predict the immune mucosal competence in mild caloric restricted mice. These results suggest that the FGMs are able to modulate, in different way, serum leptin levels, IgA+ cells number and phagocytic activity. Furthermore, FGM-Lc could be more effective for nutritional treatment in malnutrition status.Fil: Fabersani Marrades, Mario Emanuel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Tucumán. Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos (i); ArgentinaFil: Torres, Sebastián. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Tucumán. Instituto de Quimica del Noroeste; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán; ArgentinaFil: Valdez, C.. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán; ArgentinaFil: Gonzalez, Silvia Nelina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Tucumán. Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos (i); Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán; ArgentinaFil: Gauffin Cano, María Paola. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Tucumán. Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos (i); Argentina. Universidad del Norte Santo Tomás de Aquino; Argentin

Hybrid Fluorescent Mass-Tag Nanotrackers as Universal Reagents for Long-Term Live-Cell Barcoding

Cell barcoding and pooling are essential to reduce technical variability in multiplex technologies. While fluorescent barcoding is common in flow cytometry, current mass-tag barcoding methods are unsuitable for live cells. This study presents fluorescent palladium-based nanotrackers for live cell barcoding, compatible with flow and mass cytometry, enabling long-term drug studies with consistent labeling.This research was supported by funding from the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (BIO2016-80519, PID2019.110987RB.I00); the Health Institute Carlos III (DTS18/00121); the Andalusian Regional Government-FEDER (PT18-TP-4160, B-FQM-475-UGR18, A-FQM-760-UGR20); the Department of Defense (W81XWH-12-1-0591); NCI (1R01CA234553, R21CA231280); the 2019 Cancer Innovation Award, supported by the Stanford Cancer Institute, an NCI-designated Comprehensive Cancer Center; BRCA Foundation and the V Foundation for Cancer Research; a gift from the Gray Foundation; the Department of Urology at Stanford University; NHLBI (P01HL10879709); NIAID (U19AI057229); and a PICI Bedside to Bench grant. R.M.S.-M., J.J.D.-M., M.V.C.-C., and J.A.L.-R. are members of the network NANOCARE (RED2018-102469-T) funded by the Spanish State Research Agency. W.J.F. thanks the BRCA Foundation and the V Foundation for Cancer Research, a gift from the Gray Foundation and the Department of Urology at Stanford University. A.D.-G. thanks the Spanish Ministry of Education for PhD funding (scholarship FPU14/02181), the University of Granada for postdoctoral research contract, and the Fundación Alfonso Martín Escudero for his postdoctoral fellowship. J.A.L.-R. thanks the Fundación Benéfica Anticancer San Francisco Javier y Santa Candida for PhD funding. M.V.C.-C. thanks the Andalusian Regional Government for her postdoctoral fellowship (POSTDOC_21_00118). The authors thank the technical support from the Cytometry unit of GENYO. The graphical abstract and Figures 5a and 6a have been created with BioRender.com

Innovación verde a nivel industrial: una revisión sistemática

The Green innovation describes to the evolution of humanity toward capacity of invention to technological and environmental change for cleaner production and sustainable development. The existing literature about this concept is recent and no systematic review of the literature on the topic. The objective of this study is to synthesize the existing literature on Green innovation and identifies concepts and applications in the industries, based on the specialized search - Scopus database. The systematic literature review was conducted, including 24 articles. Despite of the research the relationship between green innovation in companies remains unclear but in the construction sector the green innovation can be a potential sector with ability to lead the process sustainable and responsibilities to the environment since conception, construction, use and disposal the structure.La innovación verde describe la evolución de la humanidad hacia la capacidad de invención para un cambio tecnológico y ambiental y para una producción más limpia y un desarrollo sostenible. La literatura existente sobre el tema es reciente y no hay una revisión sistemática de la literatura. El objetivo de este estudio es sintetizar la literatura existente sobre innovación verde e identificar conceptos y aplicaciones en las industrias, en base a la búsqueda especializada de la base de datos Scopus. Se realizó una revisión sistemática de la literatura, que incluyó 24 artículos. A pesar de las investigaciones, la relación entre la innovación verde en las empresas sigue sin estar clara, pero en el sector de la construcción, la innovación verde puede ser un sector potencial con capacidad para liderar el proceso de manera sostenible y responsable con el medio ambiente desde la concepción, construcción, uso y eliminación de la estructura

Opinions of Andalusian primary health care professionals about human papillomavirus and its vaccine

Fundamento. El virus del papiloma humano (VPH) es una de las enfermedades de transmisión sexual más comunes, pero su tasa de vacunación es de las más bajas en Andalucía. El objetivo de este estudio es conocer las opiniones de los profesionales sanitarios de Atención Primaria sobre la prevención en adolescentes de la infección por el VPH y la administración de su vacuna. Método. Investigación cualitativa mediante seis grupos focales con profesionales de centros de Atención Primaria de Sevilla, Granada y Jaén. Participaron 45 profesionales sanitarios. Se realizó un análisis de contenido de tipo semántico con categorización de respuestas en unidades temáticas. Resultados. Los profesionales reconocen las dificultades de llegar a la población adolescente en temas de prevención de conductas sexuales de riesgo, por falta de tiempo y poca preocupación de los adolescentes por las medidas preventivas. Aunque reconocen la sintomatología de la infección por el VPH, no todos tienen claro si el varón padece la enfermedad así como la asociación de la infección con canceres distintos al de cérvix. Dudan a la hora de recomendar la vacuna, dejando en manos de los progenitores la decisión de la vacunación de sus hijas. Conclusiones. Sería recomendable establecer estrategias que mejoren la información que tienen los profesionales acerca del VPH, así como de los beneficios de la vacuna, para que los trasmitan claramente y con asertividad a los padres; esto evitaría incertidumbre en los progenitores, mejoraría las tasas de vacunación y disminuiría las complicaciones de la infección (cáncer).Background. The human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted disease, but its vaccination coverage is among the lowest in Andalusia. The aim of this study is to determine what primary health care professionals think and find out about the prevention of HPV infection among adolescents and the administration of the vaccine Method. Qualitative study using six focus groups with professionals from Primary Health Care in Seville, Granada and Jaen. Fourty-five professionals participated. An analysis of the semantic content was made, and answers were categorized in thematic units. Results. Professionals recognize the difficulties in reaching the adolescent population concerning prevention of sexual risk behaviors, due to lack of time and little concern amongst adolescents about the preventive measures. Although the professionals recognize the symptoms of HPV infection, some did not know about the disease in men as well as the association with other cancers other than cervical cancer. They hesitate over whether to recommend the vaccine or not, leaving the decision to vaccinate their daughters in the hands of the parents. Conclusion. It would be advisable to establish strategies that improve the information that the professionals have about HPV as well as the benefits of the vaccine, so that they can transmit the benefits clearly and assertively to the parents. This would avoid parental uncertainty, improve vaccination rates, and decrease complications of infection (cancer)

The Use of hCG for Inducing Ovulation in Sheep Estrus Synchronization Impairs Ovulatory Follicle Growth and Fertility

Currently, there is an intense effort to find an alternative hormone to eCG to induce ovulation after estrus synchronization treatments in sheep. One of the proposed alternatives is based on the use of hCG, but the results are controversial since fertility rates are commonly affected. The present study aims to evaluate, therefore, the adequacy of hCG in protocols for the synchronization of estrus and ovulation. Ovarian follicle dynamics, occurrence of estrus behavior and subsequent ovulation, quality of corpora lutea, and pregnancy rate after controlled natural mating were assessed in two consecutive trials. The findings indicate that the low fertility rates reported for the protocols based on the administration of hCG for inducing ovulation during estrus synchronization in sheep may be related to a high occurrence of abnormal follicular growth patterns, disturbances, and retardments of ovulation and concomitant formation of follicular cysts in the treated females. These results preclude their practical application to induce ovulation concomitantly to estrous synchronization treatments.Estación Experimental Agropecuaria BarilocheFil: Bruno Galarraga, María Macarena. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estacion Experimental Agropecuaria Bariloche. Laboratorio de Reproducción de Rumiantes Menores; ArgentinaFil: Bruno Galarraga, María Macarena. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Instituto de Investigaciones Forestales y Agropecuarias Bariloche; ArgentinaFil: Cano Moreno, Virginia. Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU. Facultad de Veterinaria. Departamento Produccion y Sanidad Animal; EspañaFil: Lago Cruz, Beatriz. Universidad Complutense de Madrid. Facultad de Veterinaria. Departamento de Toxicologia y Farmacologia; EspañaFil: Encinas, Teresa. Universidad Complutense de Madrid. Facultad de Veterinaria. Departamento de Toxicologia y Farmacologia; EspañaFil: Gonzalez Bulnes, Antonio. Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU. Facultad de Veterinaria. Departamento Produccion y Sanidad Animal; EspañaFil: Martinez Ros, Paula. Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU. Facultad de Veterinaria. Departamento Produccion y Sanidad Animal; Españ

High efficient luminescence in type-II GaAsSb-capped InAs quantum dots upon annealing

The photoluminescence efficiency of GaAsSb-capped InAs/GaAs type II quantum dots (QDs) can be greatly enhanced by rapid thermal annealing while preserving long radiative lifetimes which are ∼20 times larger than in standard GaAs-capped InAs/GaAs QDs. Despite the reduced electron-hole wavefunction overlap, the type-II samples are more efficient than the type-I counterparts in terms of luminescence, showing a great potential for device applications. Strain-driven In-Ga intermixing during annealing is found to modify the QD shape and composition, while As-Sb exchange is inhibited, allowing to keep the type-II structure. Sb is only redistributed within the capping layer giving rise to a more homogeneous composition

Hybrid salivary gland tumor of the upper lip or just an adenoid cystic carcinoma? Case report

A 65 year-old male patient with a one year-duration tumoral growth located in the upper lip was diagnosed on incisional biopsy as epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma. After wide surgical excision the histopathological analysis revealed the lesion was composed predominantly (>90%) of adenoid cystic carcinoma. In new sections it was found a very small and isolated area of adenoid cystic carcinoma at the bottom of the incisional biopsy. As surgical margins were free of lesion, no adjuvant treatment was given. The occurrence of a transitory ischaemic attack at 36 months of follow-up led to a neurological and MRI evaluation, which disclosed a well-defined 3.5x3 cm lesion suggestive of metastasis, located on the right temporal area. The lesion was surgically removed and a histopathological diagnosis of neurocysticercosis was rendered. After 40 months of follow-up there is no evidence of recurrence. Conclusion: True hybrid tumors of salivary glands are rare and treatment in each case should be done according to the component with the higher aggressiveness. However, the occurrence of epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma areas within an adenoid cystic carcinoma seems to be a frequent finding, and because both lesions share a common origin, some authors consider that this may not be a true hybrid neoplasm but a variant of the latte