Watson-Crick hydrogen-bonded macrocycles self-assembled from Z-shaped dinucleoside monomers

The self-assembly of two lipophilic dinucleoside molecules that have a common structure, comprising a bent "Z-shaped"central block substituted at the edges with complementary G and C nucleobases, are studied in this work by a combination of 1D and 2D NMR experiments, as well as by absorption, fluorescence and circular dichroism measurements as a function of the temperature and the concentration. Watson-Crick pairing affords cyclic tetramer G:C H-bound species that are less stable than those formed by related linear dinucleosides and that, in principle, due to the unusual monomer geometry, can establish an equilibrium between different conformations with the shape of a square and a rhom

Conceções e crenças dos professores em formação sobre a matemática e o seu ensino-aprendizagem. Proposta de uma nova metodologia qualitativa

Presentamos una investigación cualitativa cuyo objetivo fue conocer las concepciones y creencias de un grupo de profesores en formación sobre las matemáticas y su enseñanzaaprendizaje. Se utilizó una metodología de análisis de contenido de textos que combinó el análisis de contingencias y las Redes Asociativas Pathfinder empleando como método de recogida de datos la técnica de relatos. En el estudio han participado 30 alumnos, 21 mujeres y 9 hombres, del 2º curso del Grado de Primaria, en la Facultad de Educación de Badajoz. Los resultados indican que esta metodología puede ayudar en la obtención de datos con una mínima intervención por parte del investigador, y que puede ser aplicada a otros sujetos y temas de investigación.We present a qualitative research whose aim was to know the conceptions and beliefs of a group of teachers in training about Mathematics and its teaching and learning. A methodology of content analysis of texts was used combining the analysis of contingencies and the Pathfinder Associative Networks using as a method of data collection the technique of story. In the study 30 students, 21 women and 9 men, from the 2nd year of the Degree in Primary Education from the Faculty of Badajoz were involved. The results indicate that this methodology can help in obtaining data with the minimal intervention of researcher, and it can also be applied to other subjects and research topics.Apresentamos uma investigação qualitativa cujo objectivo foi o de conhecer as conceções e crenças de um grupo de professores em formação sobre a matemática e o seu proceso de ensino e aprendizagem. Utilizou-se uma metodologia de análise de conteúdo de textos que combinou a análise contingências e as Redes Associativas Pathfinder, empregando a técnica de relatos como método de recolha de dados. Neste estudo participaram 30 alunos, 21 mulheres e 9 homens, do 2º curso da Licenciatura em Educação Primaria da Faculdade de Educação de Badajoz. Os resultados indicam que esta metodologia pode ajudar na obtenção de dados com uma mínima intervenção por parte do investigador, e pode ser aplicada a outros sujeitos e temas de investigação.peerReviewe

CONCEPCIONES Y CREENCIAS DE LOS PROFESORES EN FORMACIÓN SOBRE LAS MATEMÁTICAS Y SU ENSEÑANZA-APRENDIZAJE. PROPUESTA DE NUEVA METODOLOGÍA CUALITATIVA. [Conceptions and beliefs of teachers in training about Mathematics and its teaching and learning. Proposa

Presentamos una investigación cualitativa cuyo objetivo fue conocer las concepciones y creencias de un grupo de profesores en formación sobre las matemáticas y su enseñanza aprendizaje. Se utilizó una metodología de análisis de contenido de textos que combinó el análisis de contingencias y las Redes Asociativas Pathfinder empleando como método de recogida de datos la técnica de relatos. En el estudio han participado 30 alumnos, 21 mujeres y 9 hombres, del 2º curso del Grado de Primaria, en la Facultad de Educación de Badajoz. Los resultados indican que esta metodología puede ayudar en la obtención de datos con una mínima intervención por parte del investigador, y que puede ser aplicada a otros sujetos y temas de investigación. AbstractWe present a qualitative research whose aim was to know the conceptions and beliefs of a group of teachers in training about Mathematics and its teaching and learning. A methodology of content analysis of texts was used combining the analysis of contingencies and the Pathfinder Associative Networks using as a method of data collection the technique of story. In the study 30 students, 21 women and 9 men, from the 2nd year of the Degree in Primary Education from the Faculty of Badajoz were involved. The results indicate that this methodology can help in obtaining data with the minimal intervention of researcher, and it can also be applied to other subjects and research topics

Conceções e crenças dos professores em formação sobre a matemática e o seu ensino-aprendizagem. Proposta de uma nova metodologia qualitativa

Presentamos una investigación cualitativa cuyo objetivo fue conocer las concepciones y creencias de un grupo de profesores en formación sobre las matemáticas y su enseñanzaaprendizaje. Se utilizó una metodología de análisis de contenido de textos que combinó el análisis de contingencias y las Redes Asociativas Pathfinder empleando como método de recogida de datos la técnica de relatos. En el estudio han participado 30 alumnos, 21 mujeres y 9 hombres, del 2º curso del Grado de Primaria, en la Facultad de Educación de Badajoz. Los resultados indican que esta metodología puede ayudar en la obtención de datos con una mínima intervención por parte del investigador, y que puede ser aplicada a otros sujetos y temas de investigación.We present a qualitative research whose aim was to know the conceptions and beliefs of a group of teachers in training about Mathematics and its teaching and learning. A methodology of content analysis of texts was used combining the analysis of contingencies and the Pathfinder Associative Networks using as a method of data collection the technique of story. In the study 30 students, 21 women and 9 men, from the 2nd year of the Degree in Primary Education from the Faculty of Badajoz were involved. The results indicate that this methodology can help in obtaining data with the minimal intervention of researcher, and it can also be applied to other subjects and research topics.Apresentamos uma investigação qualitativa cujo objectivo foi o de conhecer as conceções e crenças de um grupo de professores em formação sobre a matemática e o seu proceso de ensino e aprendizagem. Utilizou-se uma metodologia de análise de conteúdo de textos que combinou a análise contingências e as Redes Associativas Pathfinder, empregando a técnica de relatos como método de recolha de dados. Neste estudo participaram 30 alunos, 21 mulheres e 9 homens, do 2º curso da Licenciatura em Educação Primaria da Faculdade de Educação de Badajoz. Os resultados indicam que esta metodologia pode ajudar na obtenção de dados com uma mínima intervenção por parte do investigador, e pode ser aplicada a outros sujeitos e temas de investigação.peerReviewe

San Pedro Martir observations of microvariability in obscured quasars

Fast brightness variations are a unique tool to probe the innermost regions of active galactic nuclei (AGN). These variations are called microvariability or intra-night variability, and this phenomenon has been monitored in samples of blazars and unobscured AGNs. Detecting optical microvariations in targets hidden by the obscuring torus is a challenging task because the region responsible for the variations is hidden from our sight. However, there have been reports of fast variations in obscured Seyfert galaxies in X-rays, which rises the question whether microvariations can also be detected in obscured AGNs in the optical regime. Because the expected variations are very small and can easily be lost within the noise, the analysis requires a statistical approach. We report the use of a one-way analysis of variance, ANOVA, with which we searched for microvariability. ANOVA was successfully employed in previous studies of unobscured AGNs. As a result, we found microvariable events during three observing blocks: in two we observed the same object (Mrk 477), and in another, J0759+5050. The results on Mrk 477 confirm previous findings. However, since Mrk 477 is quite a peculiar target with hidden broad-line regions, we cannot rule out the possibility that we have serendipitously chosen a target prone to variations.Comment: Research note, 5 pages, 2 figures, accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysic

Elevation Effects on Air Temperature in a Topographically Complex Mountain Valley in the Spanish Pyrenees

© 2020 by the authors.Air temperature changes as a function of elevation were analyzed in a valley of the Spanish Pyrenees. We analyzed insolation, topography and meteorological conditions in order to understand how complex topoclimatic environments develop. Clustering techniques were used to define vertical patterns of air temperature covering more than 1000 m of vertical elevation change. Ten locations from the bottom of the valley to the summits were monitored from September 2016 to June 2019. The results show that (i) night-time lapse rates were between −4 and −2 °C km−1, while in the daytime they were from −6 to −4 °C km−1, due to temperature inversions and topography. Daily maximum temperature lapse rates were steeper from March to July, and daily minimum temperatures were weaker from June to August, and in December. (ii) Different insolation exposure within and between the two analyzed slopes strongly influenced diurnal air temperatures, creating deviations from the general lapse rates. (iii) Usually, two cluster patterns were found (i.e., weak and steep), which were associated with stable and unstable weather conditions, respectively, in addition to high-low atmospheric pressure and low-high relative humidity. The results will have direct applications in disciplines that depend on air temperature estimations (e.g., snow studies, water resources and sky tourism, among others).This study was funded by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness project CGL2017-82216-R (HIDROIBERNIEVE). Navarro-Serrano, F. is the recipient of a pre-doctoral FPU grant (Spanish Ministry of Education, Culture and Sports, FPU15/00742). Revuelto, J. is supported by the INDECIS project, which is part of ERA4CS, and by ERA-NET, initiated by JPI Climate, and funded by FORMAS (SE), DLR (DE), BMWFW (AT), IFD (DK), MINECO (SP), ANR (FR) with co-funding by the European Union (Grant 690462). Alonso-González, E. and Aznárez-Balta, M. are beneficiaries of a pre-doctoral FPI grant (Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness, BES-2015-071466 and PRE2018-084295), and Azorin-Molina, C. of the Ramon y Cajal fellowship (RYC-2017-22830).Peer reviewe

Complete process of implantation of a nutritional risk screening system in the University Hospital La Paz, Madrid

La malnutrición asociada a la enfermedad (MAE) está presente en un porcentaje muy elevado de los pacientes que ingresan en los hospitales y su repercusión es diversa y de mucha trascendencia. Objetivo: Desde la Unidad de Nutrición del Hospital Universitario la Paz, en colaboración con todos los miembros de la Comisión de Nutrición, nos planteamos implantar algún método de cribado en nuestro centro, que permitiese abarcar al mayor número posible de pacientes. Resultados: Debido al gran tamaño de nuestro centro, con cerca de 1500 camas, unido a una escasez de recursos humanos en nuestra unidad, optamos por utilizar el sistema de cribado CONUT (Control Nutricional) 100% automático y basado en parámetros analíticos, muy fácil de manejar, de bajo coste y cuya validez está confirmada, adaptándolo a nuestras necesidades. El método recoge información de las bases de datos del servicio de Admisión (filiación, edad, fecha) y del Laboratorio (albúmina, colesterol, linfocitos totales) y genera, en el informe de resultados de los análisis clínicos, la información sobre la alerta de riesgo nutricional de cada paciente, así como las recomendaciones nutricionales a seguir en función del riesgo detectado en cada caso. Para llegar su implantación se llevaron a cabo diferentes evaluaciones que nos permitieron conocer previamente la carga extra de trabajo que podría generar su implantación y nuestra capacidad para asumirlas, así como numerosas actividades formativas encaminadas a que los médicos y profesionales sanitarios del hospital asumieran cada vez más responsabilidades en el proceso del tratamiento nutricional de sus pacientes. Este sistema de cribado funciona desde Junio del año 2010 y detecta riesgo de desnutrición en el 32% de los pacientes evaluados. En general, sólo en los casos en los que la alerta corresponde a una situación de Alto riesgo nutricional, hecho que se da aproximadamente en el 10% del total, se requirió la intervención especializada por parte de la Unidad de Nutrición Clínica y Dietética. Posteriormente, conforme hemos ido detectando posibles causas que justificaran que el sistema no funcionase adecuadamente, el sistema de cribado ha sido objeto de diversas modificaciones. En este sentido, se ha realizado una evaluación retrospectiva en 233 pacientes ingresados en las plantas de Cirugía General y se ha documentado que aquellos que ingresan para cirugía programada y presentan una alarma alta o moderada de desnutrición (el 50% de los casos), la presencia de la misma aumenta significativamente los días de ingreso y la mortalidad. Conclusiones: La implantación del cribado nutricional ha favorecido un cambio en la cultura de nuestro centro con respecto a la malnutrición asociada a la enfermedad y la mayoría de nuestros profesionales, tanto médicos como enfermeras e incluso el equipo directivo, comprenden la importancia del proceso y saben que disponemos de herramientas y de conocimiento suficiente para indicar un soporte nutricional adecuado y precozDisease-Related Malnutrition (DRM) is present in a high percentage of patients admitted to hospital and their impact is diverse and of great importance. Objectives: Nutrition Department of University Hospital La Paz, in collaboration with all members of the Nutrition Committee, we decided to implement some method of screening in our centre which allowed us to detect as many patients with malnutrition risk as possible. Results: Due to the large size of our centre, with about 1,500 beds and the few human resources in our unit, we chose to use the CONUT system (Nutritional Control), a 100% automatic method based on analytical parameters, very easy to use, low cost and whose validity is confirmed, characteristics that fulfilled our needs. The method collects information from databases of Admission Service (affiliation, age, date) and Laboratory (albumin, cholesterol, total lymphocytes) and generates, in the report of analytical results, “alert” information about each patient’s nutritional risk and also nutritional recommendations based on the risk identified. Prior to its implantation several evaluations were performed in order to allow us to better know the extra workload, as it was the main factor that could limit our ability to assume that screening method and also many training activities for doctors and hospital health professionals who were increasingly assuming responsibilities in the nutritional treatment of their patients. This screening system has been working from june of 2010 and it has detected risk of malnutrition in 32% of the evaluated patients. In general, only in those cases where the alert corresponded to a high-risk nutritional situation, which represents approximately 10% of the total, specialized intervention by the Clinical Nutrition Unit was required. Later, as we have detected some possible causes that justify the system does not work properly; the screening system has undergone several changes . In this sense, we have made a retrospective evaluation of 233 patients admitted to the General Surgery plants and documented that those entering for scheduled surgery, having a alarm of malnutrition (50% of cases), its presence increases significantly the hospital stay and mortality. Conclusions: The implementation of this nutritional screening method has led to a change in the ìnutritionalî culture of our centre respect to DRM in most of our professionals: doctors and nurses and even in the management team, so all of them understand the importance of the process and know about the available tools and knowledge to indicate an adequate and early nutritional suppor

The OTELO survey. A case study of [O III]4959,5007 emitters at <z> = 0.83

The OTELO survey is a very deep, blind exploration of a selected region of the Extended Groth Strip and is designed for finding emission-line sources (ELSs). The survey design, observations, data reduction, astrometry, and photometry, as well as the correlation with ancillary data used to obtain a final catalogue, including photo-z estimates and a preliminary selection of ELS, were described in a previous contribution. Here, we aim to determine the main properties and luminosity function (LF) of the [O III] ELS sample of OTELO as a scientific demonstration of its capabilities, advantages, and complementarity with respect to other surveys. The selection and analysis procedures of ELS candidates obtained using tunable filter (TF) pseudo-spectra are described. We performed simulations in the parameter space of the survey to obtain emission-line detection probabilities. Relevant characteristics of [O III] emitters and the LF([O III]), including the main selection biases and uncertainties, are presented. A total of 184 sources were confirmed as [O III] emitters at a mean redshift z=0.83. The minimum detectable line flux and equivalent width (EW) in this ELS sample are $\sim$5 $\times$ 10$^{-19}$ erg s$^{-1}$ cm$^{2}$ and $\sim$6 \AA, respectively. We are able to constrain the faint-end slope ($\alpha = -1.03\pm0.08$) of the observed LF([O III]) at z=0.83. This LF reaches values that are approximately ten times lower than those from other surveys. The vast majority (84\%) of the morphologically classified [O III] ELSs are disc-like sources, and 87\% of this sample is comprised of galaxies with stellar masses of M$_\star$ $<$ 10$^{10}$ M$_{\odot}$.Comment: v1: 16 pages, 6 figures. Accepted in Astronomy \& Astrophysics. v2: Author added in metadat

Structure démographique et génétique de quatre populations provençales de Pamassius mnemosyne (L.) (Lepidoptera Papilionidae) : isolement et polymorphisme dans des populations « menacées »

This study contributes to the knowledge of macroalgae associated to four habitats at Tuxpan Reef, Veracruz, México. We carried out, 20 sampling in four habitats: grass beds, coral rubble, coralline rock-coral and coralline rock-sea urchin, from April to June 2005. We identified 39 algae species included in 32 genera and 18 families. Among these species, nine were new records for the Tuxpan Reef. The highest richness in terms of the species number was recorded in coral rubble and coralline rock-coral habitats. The differences in the composition and species can beattributedto thetype of substrate and the associated benthos.El presente estudio contribuye al conocimiento de las macroalgas asociadas a cuatro ambientes del arrecife Tuxpan, Veracruz, México. Se efectuaron 20 muestreos en los siguientes hábitats: pastos marinos, restos de coral, roca coralina-corales y roca coralina-erizos, durante el periodo de abril a junio de 2005. Se determinaron 39 especies de macroalgas pertenecientes a 32 géneros y 18 familias. Entre éstas, se citan nueve registros nuevos para el arrecife Tuxpan. La riqueza específica fue más alta en los ambientes de roca coralina-corales y restos de coral. Las diferencias en la composición y el número de especies de macroalgas, se explican por las características del sustrato y el bentos asociado